K pulls the wheel round, while the catch L falls into the teeth, and prevents it from going backwards. Upon the axle of No. 3. is also fixed the pinion No. 4. taking into the teeth in the under edge of the iron bar, that is fastened upon the frame TT, on which the wood to be cut is laid by this means the frame TT is moved on its rollers SS, along the fixed frame UU; and of course the wood fastened upon it is brought forward to the saws as they are moved up and down by reason of the turning round of the crank DĎ. VV, the machine and handle to raise the sluice when the water is to be let upon the wheel BB to give it motion. By pulling the rope at the longer arm of the lever M, the pinion No. 2. is put into the hold or grip of the wheel CC, which drives it; and by pulling the rope R, this pinion is clear ed from the wheel. No. 5. a pinion containing 24 teeth, driven by the wheel CC, and having upon its axle a sheave, on which is the rope PP, passing to the sheave No. 6. to turn it round; and upon its axle is fixed the pinion No. 7. acting on the teeth in an iron bar upon the frame TT, to roll that frame backwards when empty. By pulling the rope at the longer arm of the lever N, the pinion No. 5. is put into the hold of the wheel CC; and by pulling the rope O it is taken off the hold. No. 8. a wheel fixed upon the axle No. 9. having upon its periphery angular teeth, into which the catch No. 10. takes; and being moved by the lever attached to the upper part of the frame G, it pushes the wheel No. 8. round; and the catch No. 11. falls into the teeth of the wheel, to prevent it from going backwards while the rope rolls in its axle, and drags the logs or pieces of wood in at the door Y, to be laid upon the moveable frames TT, and carried forward to the saws to be cut. The catches No. 10. 11. are easily thrown out of play when they are not wanted. The gudgeons in the shafts, rounds of the cranks, spindles, and pivots, should all turn round in cods or bushes of brass. Z, a door in one end of the mill-house at which the wood is conveyed out when cut. WW, walls of the mill-house. QQ, the couples or framing of the roof. XXX, &c. windows to admit light to the house.

Plate 152 exhibits a plan of the same mill, and needs no verbal description.

For accounts of other contrivances for saws we must refer to Gregory's Mechanics. See also our article Stone PIPE.

SAW-FISH, in ichthyology. See SQUALUS. SAW-FLY, in entomology. See TEN

THREDO.

SAW-WORT, in botany. See SERRATULA. To SAW. v. a. part. sawed and sawn. (scier, Fr. from the noun.) To cut timber or other matter with a saw (Moxon).

SAWDUST. s. (saw and dust ) Dust made by the attrition of the saw (Mortimer). SAWPIT. s. (saw and pit.) Pit over which timber is laid to be sawn by two men (Mortither).

SAW-WREST. s. (saw and wrest.) A sort

of tool. With the saw-wrest they set the teeth of the saw (Moxon).

SA'WER. SA'wYER. s. (scieur, Fr. from saw.) One whose trade is to saw timber into boards or beams (Moxon).

SAXE (Maurice Count), born at Dresden, in 1696, was the natural son of Frederic Augustus II. king of Poland. He discovered an early genius for warlike exercises, neglecting every other study, and even the acquirement of any other language than French, that he might more profitably pursue the science of tactics. He made several campaigns with his father in Poland, and served so early as 1709, in the Netherlands, under prince Eugene and the duke of Marlborough, and afterwards in the war against the Swedes in Pomerania. Upon the peace of Utrecht he went to France, when the duke of Orleans engaged him to enter into his army, by offering him the brevet of maréchal-de-camp. In 1722 he obtained a regiment in France, and undertook to discipline it himself after a new manner entirely his own. At this time the states of Courland elected him their sovereign, upon which Poland and Russia took up arms against him, and the Czarina sent his rival Menzikoff to Mittaw to besiege him in his palace. He made a gallant defence in his castle, but not having troops to resist the accumulating forces of the two hostile powers, he was obliged to withdraw himself in 1729, and abandon his government. The count now applied himself to the study of the mathematics, and composed his Reveries. Upon the death of his father he joined Marshal Berwick upon the Rhine, who observed to him, "Count, I was going to send for 3000 men to attack the enemy at Etlingen, but you alone are equal to that number." He was at the siege of Philipsburg, and performed various exploits, for the reward of which he was made lieutenant-general in 1734. In 1741 the count took Prague by escalade, and a few days afterwards the fortified town of Agria. In 1744 he was made a marshal of France, and had the chief command of an army in Flanders. He fought the battle of Fontenoy, though so iil at the time, as to be carried in a litter from post to post; after which, he took several im. portant towns. The year before the conclusion of the war, the king of France made him marshal of all his armies, and appointed him governor of all the conquered places in the Low countries. He died in 1750.

SAXENBURG, a town of Germany, in the duchy of Carinthia, situate on the Drave, 38 miles W. of Clagenfurt. Lon. 13. 40 E. Lat. 46. 52 N.

SAXENHAGEN, a town of Westphalia, in the county of Schawenburg, 20 miles N.W. of Hanover. Lon. 9. 36 E. Lat. 52. 30 N.

SAXIFRAGA. Saxifrage. In botany, a genus of the class decandria, ord digynia. Calyx five-cleft, permanent; corol five-petailed; capsule two-beaked, one-celled, many-seeded, opening between the beaks. Forty-nine species; two or three natives of America and