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RULE IV. A question which may be answered by Yes or No, usually ends with the rising inflection. Example.-"Do you see yon cloud?"

Exception.-Emphasis, as in the tone of impatience, of extreme earnestness, or of remonstrance, may, in such cases as the above, take the falling inflection. Example." Can you be so infatuated as to pursue a course which you know will end in your rùin!" "Will you blindly rush on destruction?" "Would you say so, if the case were your own?”

with jessamine and honeysuckle; the stately greenhouse | Series': "The fluid expanse of the air, the surface of the exhales the perfume of summer climates." solid earth, the liquid element of water, teem with delighted existence." Compound Concluding Series': "Delighted existence teems in the fluid expanse of the air, the surface of the solid earth,‡ and the liquid element of water."§ Exception 1.-Emphatic, abrupt, and disconnected series, may have the moderate' or the 'bold' downward slide, on every member, according to the intensity of expression. Examples:-1. "His succèss, his fàme, his life, were all at stake."-2. "The roaring of the wind, the rushing of the water, the darkness of the night, all conspired to overwhelm his guilty spirit with dread."-3. Eloquence is action, noble, sublime, godlike action."-4. "The shore, which, but a few moments before, lay so lovely in its calm serenity, gilded with cannon, the shouts of battle, the clash of arms, the curses of the beams of the level sun, now resounded with the roar of hatred, the shrieks of agony."

withers."

RULE V. The penultimate, or last inflection but one, is, in most sentences, a rising slide, by which the voice prepares for an easy and natural descent at the cadence. Example. "The rocks crumble, the trees fall, the leaves fade, and the grass Exception.-Emphasis may sometimes make the penultimate inflection fall, instead of rising; as the abruptness of that slide gives a more forcible effect. Example. "They have rushed through like a hurricane; like an army of locusts, they have devoured the earth; the war has fallen like a waterspout, and deluged the land with blood."

Rules on the Falling Inflection.

RULE I. The 'intensive, downward slide,' or 'low,' falling inflection, occurs in the emphasis of vehement emotion. Example.-"ON! ON! to the just and the glorious strife!"

RULE II. The 'full' falling inflection usually takes place at the cadence, or close, of a sentence. Example." No life is pleasing to God, but that which is useful to mankind."

Exception. When the meaning expressed at the close of one sentence, is modified by the sense of the next, the voice may rise, instead of falling. Examples." We are not here to dis cúss this question. We are come to act upon it." "Gentlemen may cry 'peace, péace!' But there is no peace."

RULE III. The moderate' falling inflection occurs at the end of a clause which forms complete sense, independently of what follows it. Example."Law and order are forgotten: violence and rapine are abroad: the golden cords of society are loosed."

Exception.-Plaintive expression, and poetic style, whether in the form of verse or of prose, take the slight' rising inflection, in its prolonged form.

Examples.

1. "Cold o'er his limbs the listless langour grew;
Paleness came o'er his eye of placid blue;
Pale mourned the lily where the rose had died;
And timid, trembling, came he to my side."

2. "The oaks of the mountains fall: the mountains themselves decay with years; the ocean shrinks and grows again; the moon herself is lost in heaven; † but thou art for ever the same, rejoicing in the brightness of thy course."

RULE IV. The suspensive,' or slight falling inflection, takes place in every member but one of the 'series,' or successive words and clauses, connected by the same conjunction, expressed or understood.

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Note 1. A succession of words is termed a 'simple series,'-a succession of clauses a 'compound series. A succession of words which leave sense incomplete, is termed a commencing series,' that which leaves complete sense, a 'concluding series." A commencing series' is read with the suspensive, or slight falling inflection, on every member but the last; a concluding series, with the suspensive' slide on every member, except the penultimate, or last but one.

Examples. Simple Commencing Series: "The air, the earth, the water, teem with delighted existence."-Simple Concluding Series: "Delighted existence teems in the air, the earth, and the water."-Compound Commencing

The penultimate inflection of a sentence, or a stanza, usually rises, so as to prepare for an easy cadence.

Rising silide, for contrast to the following clause.

Penultimate' rising inflection, preparatory to the cadence, or closing fall of voice, at the end of a sentence.

Ful' falling inflection, for the cadence of a sentence.

Exception 2.-Light and humorous description gives the 'moderate' upward slide to all the members of a series. Example." Her books, her músic, her pápers, her clothes, were all lying about the room, in most admired disorder.'" Exception 3.-The language of pathos (pity), tenderness, and beauty, whether in verse or prose,-takes the 'suspensive,' or slight rising inflection, except in the last member of the commencing,' and the last but one of the concluding' 'series,' which have the usual 'moderate' rising inflection. No mournful flowers, by weeping fondness laid, No pink, no róse, drooped, on his breast displayed." 2. "There wrapt in gratitude, and joy, and love, The man of God will pass in Sabbath noon."

Ex.: 1. 44

3. "There (in the grave), vile insects consume the hand of the artist, the brain of the philosopher, the eye which sparkled with celestial fíre, and the lip from which flowed irresistible eloquence."

Note 2.-All series, except the plaintive, as by their form of numbers and repetition, they partake of the nature of climax,' or increase of signification,-should be read with a growing intensity of voice, and a more prominent inflection on every member.

Example." The splendour of the firmament, the verdure of the earth, the varied colours of the flowers which fill the air with their fragrance, and the music of those artless voices which mingle on every tree; all conspire to captivate our hearts, and to swell them with the most rapturous delight."

This remark applies, sometimes, even to the rising inflection, but, with peculiar force, to cases in which the language is obviously meant to swell progressively in effect, from word to word, or from clause to clause, and which end with a downward slide, on every member, as in the following instance.

"I tell you though you, though all the wòRLD, though an angel from H'EAVEN, should declare the truth of it, I could not believe it."

RULE V.-All questions which cannot be answered by les or No, end with the falling inflection.

Examples:-1. "When will you cease to trifle?"

2. "Where can his equal be found?"

3. "Who has the hardihood to maintain such an assèrtion?" 4. "Why come not on these victors proud?" 5. "What was the object of his ambition?" 6. "How can such a purpose be accomplished?" Exception. The tone of real or affected surprise, throws such questions, when repeated, into the form of the rising inflection.-Example. "How can such a purpose be accomplished!— To the diligent all things are possible."

Both inflections, the Rising and the Falling,-in connexion. former has the rising, the latter the falling inflection, in whatRULE I.-When negation is opposed to affirmation, the ever order they occur, and whether in the same or in different

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7. "This proposal is not a mere idle cómpliment. It proceeds from the sincerest and deepest feelings of our hearts."

8. "Howard visited all Europe, not to survey the sumptuousness of palaces, or the stateliness of témples; not to make accurate measurements of the remains of ancient grandeur; not to form a scale of the curiosities of modern art; not to collect medals or collate manuscripts; but to dive into the depth of dùngeons; to plunge into the infection of hospitals; to survey the mansions of sorrow and pain; to take the gauge and dimensions of misery, depression, and contempt; to remember the forgotten, to attend to the neglected, to visit the forsaken, and to compare and collate the distresses of all men in all countries."

Note. A similar principle applies to the reading of conces. sions and of unequal antitheses or contrasts. In the latter, the less important member has the rising, and the preponderant one the falling inflection, in whatever part of a sentence they occur, and even in separate sentences,

Erimple s-1. "Science may raise you to eminerce. virtue alone can guide you to lappiness."

"I rather choose

To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and yoa, Than I will wrong such ho ‘ourable men.'

But

Eweption - When negation is emphane de preponderant, it takes the falling indecaon,—224, 2 1. "He may reid to We are persuasion, but he will never suban to

troubled on ev, ry side, yet not detrèssed; pere exed, but t in dospår; persécuted, but not förvåken; east & vn, but mut destroyed."

Ruim II. In question and answer, the falling infection ene's as far below the average level of the seat on as the la this way, a cecisa exact corr rising ends above it spondence of sound to sound, in the idlebars, is prodan which gavs to the fu'l downward side of the sewer a des chive and satatscioty medididiah 48 â reg x to the Dodong Suk of the ques M 48

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2. "From the very first night--and to say it I am boldI've been so very hot, that I'm sure I've caught côld !” 3. "Go hang a câlfskin on these recreant limbs!" 4. "What a beautiful piece of work you have made by your carelessness!"

5. The weights had never been accused of light conduct.” Rule on the Monotone.

The tones of grand and sublime description, profound rever. ence, or awe, of amazement and horror, are marked by the monotone, or perfect level of voice.

Note.-A monotone is always on a lower pitch than the preceding part of a sentence; and, to give the greater effect to its deep solemn note-which resembles the tolling of a heavy bell it sometimes destroys all comma pauses, and keeps up one continuous stream of overd wing sound.

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I do in 30 jantung Wiris, Phrases, and Sentences, PIKNIK KĀ sentences which are repeated for effect, a la awer in indiction, besides increasing in

these walls a spirit shall go forth, that SATs edice shall be, like an unsubstantial sig forth, exulting in, but not abusSaladva ga Firth, remembering, in the days di də gestum y, the plonges it gave in the time of its depresit small a r. Is, uniting a disposition to correct Abuses, la muss TTRS. IT SHALL GO FORTH,

De som to improve, with the resolution to #kah and docend, by that spirit of unbought affection, xă a de cet acter re of nations."

What was ti, fele w-citizens, which gave to Lafayette spiess tame) — The wire of aborty, What has consecrated Monoty at the hearts of gooi men?-THE LOVE of LIBERTY, What served des youthful arm with strength, and inspired him the morning of his days with sagacity and counsel THE LIVING LOVE OF LIBERTY. To what did he

The last or i used disjunctively, and for me an examgue te lae Sun and shride power, and rank, and country, and freedom itself?

not to the Note.

TO THE LOVE OF LIBERTY PROTECTED BY LAW."

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