Nantes, atrocities of Carrier at, 323
Naples conquered by the French, 417; Joseph Bonaparte
made king, 471; Murat succeeds him, 479; the Bour-
bons restored, 541; revolution, 556; repressed, 558
Napoleon, Emperor, recognized by many European powers,
459; his coronation, 465; aggrandisement of his family,
465;
battles of Austerlitz and Trafalgar, 468, 469; his
personal character, 471; the Spanish war, 475; his
divorce, 485; his Austrian marriage, 487; birth of his
son, 491; system of administration, 491; war with
Russia, 493; the German campaign, 500; is obliged to
retreat into France, 505; professes a willingness for peace,
506; his distrust of the National Guards, 507; the cam-
paign of 1814, 507; his abdication, 510; attempts
suicide, 510; residence in Elba, 515; the Hundred Days,
516; battle of Waterloo, 525; exile to St. Helena, 530;
his death, 558; removal of his remains to France, 632;
considerations on his character, 461; and on the right
of the Allies to imprison him, 531

II., abdication of Napoleon in favour of, 525
title taken by Louis Bonaparte at Strassburg, 623
Narbonne appointed Minister of War, 159; dismissed, 162
National Assembly, name taken by the Commons, 13; the
oath of the Tennis Court, 14; refuses to separate, at the
king's order, 19; votes the inviolability of the persons
of the deputies, 19; joined by the clergy and nobility at
the king's command, 20; removes to Paris, and is styled
the Constituent Assembly.-See Constituent Assembly.

Convention, its assembling, 215; decrees the
abolition of royalty, 215; trial of the king, 242; quarrels
of the Girondins and Jacobins, 257; intimidated by the
Commune of Paris, 262; fall of the Gironde, 269, 279;
trial of the queen, 307; trial of the Girondins, 308;
revolt of the sections, 379; the Convention dissolves
itself, and is succeeded by the Directory, 381

Guard, formation of, throughout France, 45; the
staff disbanded, 181; reorganized, 365

of Paris disliked by the people, 60; their
march to Versailles, 67; their insubordination, 124;
staff dismissed, 181; skirmish with the Federates, 187;
reorganized as the armed sections, 214; distrusted by
Napoleon, 507; disbanded by Charles X., 575; re-
established, 590; join in the Revolution of 1848; 640
Naufragés de Calais, case of the, 429
Navarino, battle of, 576

Necker, his speech to the States-General, 4; his temporizing

measures, 17; resigns, and is recalled, 19; is dismissed,
and leaves France, 25; returns, 49; his financial plans,
88; again retires, 109; his interview with Bonaparte,
444

Neerwinden, battle of, 263

Nelson destroys the French fleet at Aboukir, 414; his death
at Trafalgar, 469

Nemours, Duc de, chosen King of Belgium, but declines,
604; serves in Algiers, 624; dotation to, refused, 625,
631; quits France, 640

Netherlands, kingdom of, established, 540; broken up, 600
Neutrals, rights of, sacrificed, 475
Newspapers.-See Journals.

Ney, Marshal, employed to pacify Switzerland, 448; is de-
feated by Bernadotte, 504; advises Napoleon to abdicate,
510; joins him during the Hundred Days, 518; main-
tains his ground at Quatre Bras, 524; his trial and
execution, 539

Nice, Comtat of, conquered and annexed to France, 223
Nile, battle of the, 414

Nobles in the States-General refuse to join the Commons, 7;
are commanded to do so by the king, 20; renounce their
feudal rights, 55

Noblesse, haute, emigration of the, 42

the old, Bonaparte's opinion of them, 466
Noyades, the, 323

651

Orléans, High Court established at, 162; the prisoners
brought to Versailles, and massacred, 207

Duc d', a deputy to the States-General, 5; suspected
by the court, 24, 63; is sent to England, 75; grossly
insulted by the royalists, 161; accused of the death of
the Princesse de Lamballe, 204; becomes a member of
the National Convention, and takes the name of Philippe
Egalité, 215; votes for the death of the king, 249;
is suspected by the Convention, 246, 268; his trial and
execution, 310

Louis Philippe, Duc d', his enigmatical letter, 519;
generosity of Charles X. to him, 567; the discontented
gather round him, 567; appointed Lieutenant-General
of the kingdom, 591; opens the Chamber of Deputies,
595; formally accepts the crown, 598.-See Louis
Philippe.

Ferdinand, Duc d', (son of Louis Philippe,) serves in
Algeria, 624; his marriage, 626; his death, 633

Pache, Minister of War, 254; becomes Mayor of Paris, 255
Paine, Thomas, draws up the prospectus of "Le Répub-
licain," 137; a member of the National Convention,
216; joins the Jacobin Club, 217; votes for the banish-
ment of the king, 249; is imprisoned, 331; released,
357
Palais Royal, meetings at the, 20; the resort of the dis-
affected in the time of Charles X., 567

Palm, a bookseller, murder of, 472
Panis, one of the Septembriseurs, 206; is amnestied, 549
Pantheon, Club of the, 383; closed by the Directory, 384
Paoli, accomplishes a counter-revolution in Corsica, 283;
his opinion of Bonaparte, 408,

Paris, armed sections of, defeated by Bonaparte, 380

Convention of, 528; doubts as to one of its provisions,

538

the Council-General of the Commune of, seizes on
power, 49, 196; Robespierre, its chief director, 196; con-
trols the Assembly, 197; its proceedings, 214, 271

general domiciliary visit in, 198; massacre of many
of the prisoners then made, 199

improvements in, under Napoleon, 470; the improve-
ments carried on by the Bourbons, 551

murders in the prisons of, 200, 202
treaty of, 512

Juigné, Archbishop of, attacked in the streets, 19,
20; joins the National Assembly, 20

Comte de, his birth, 629; abdication of Louis Phi-
lippe in his favour, 640

2'

Parisian militia, La Fayette appointed commander, 39;
becomes the National Guard, 60.-See National Guard.
Parliaments, provincial, of France, suppressed, 79
Parthenopean Republic, the, 417
Patriotic gifts, 58

Peace, overtures for, from Bonaparte, 432, 466, 506
Peerage, the hereditary, abolished in France, 607
Pensions, scandalous mode of granting, in France, 86
Pères de la Foi, a name taken by the Jesuits, 567
Périer, Casimir, a leader of the opposition, 554; his conduct
in the Revolution of July, 587; named minister by
Charles X., 589; appointed President of the Chamber
of Deputies, 597; becomes President of the Council,
604; his law against tumultuous assemblages, 605;
tenders his resignation, his death, 612

Pétion appointed Mayor of Paris, 158; demands the depo-
sition of the king, 187; the first President of the
National Convention, 215; is proscribed, 284; his
death, 312

Peyronnet becomes Minister of Justice, 559; resigns, 576;
reappointed, 583; arrested, 600; trial and imprison-
ment, 602; released, 625

Philippe Egalité, name taken by the Duc d' Orleans, 215
Pichegru invades Holland, 362; appointed Commandant

of Paris, 364; his intrigues with Condé, 388; is de-
ported, 402; returns to France, 455; his death, 456

F'ilnitz, conferences of, 146
Pinel, death of, 50

Pitt, William, complains of the conduct of the French in the
Low Countries, 254; war between England and France,
255; is declared an enemy of the human race by the
Convention, 292; disposed to peace, 380; resigns office,
440; becomes Premier again, 455; his death, 472
Plaine, the, a party in the National Convention, 219
Poland, kingdom of, established, 541; attempted revolution
in, 601

Police, General Ministry of, appointed, 384; its activity,
384; made a main instrument of governing, by Fouché,
434
Polignac, Duchesse de, a favourite of the queen, 25; her flight,

42

Princes Armand and Jules, concerned in the con-
spiracy of Georges Cadoudal, 455; pardoned, 461

Prince Jules, objects to the oath to the Charter,
536; wish of Charles X. to make him minister, 580;
opposition of Martignac and others, 581; his appoint-
ment, 582; the ordonnances, 584; his trial and im-
prisonment, 602; released, 625

Poniatowski, Prince, death of, 505

Pope Gregory XVI., evils of his government, 610; Austrian
and French interference, 611

Pius VI., his states overrun by the French, 403;
carried a prisoner to France, 410; his death, 411
Pius VII. concludes a concordat with Bonaparte, 441;
performs the ceremony of his coronation, 465; dethroned
by him, 485; his resolute conduct, 489; imprisoned at
Fontainbleau, 493; set at liberty, 500; allowed to leave
France, 507

Portugal invaded by the French, 442; attempted partition
of, 475; flight of the royal family, 476; revolution in,
564; naval expedition of the French to, 605
Praslin, Duc de, murders his wife, and commits suicide, 638
Presburg, peace of, 468

Press, restrictions on the, at the beginning of the Revolution,
59; under the Directory, 384; under the Consulate,
433; under the Empire, 487; under the Restoration,
559, 565, 573, 578; under Louis Philippe, 616, 620, 633
Printers, unemployed, commence the Revolution of 1830,
586

Prisoners, military, rescued by the populace, 23
Prisons, the, of Paris, during the reign of terror, 329
Pritchard, an English consul, arrest of, 635
Proscription of the Comte d'Artois and others, 29; their
flight, 29; under the Bourbons, 532; many of the pro-
scribed allowed to return, 550

Protestants restored to their civil rights, 80; attempted per-
secution of, after the second restoration, 533
Provence, Comte de. See Monsieur.

Provisional Government of 1814, their acts, 510; of 1815,
526; of 1830, 590 of 1848, its members and acts, 641
Prussia overrun by the French, 473

King Frederick William II. of, invades France,
retreats, 213; treats with the Republic, 363; makes a
peace, 369

Frederick William III., his insincere character,
472; his losses, 474; joins the Allies, 501; promises a
constitution to his people, 540; his gains at the peace,

541

Quadruple Alliance, the treaty of, its objects, 618
Quatrebras, battle of, 524

Quiberon expedition, the, its utter failure, 375; groundless-
ness of the charge sometimes made against the English
ministry regarding it, 376; unwise proceeding regard-
ing it at the Restoration, 513

Quinette delivered to the Austrians by Dumouriez, 266;
released, 383; one of the Commission of Government
in 1815, 526

Quosdanowich defeated by Bonaparte, 390

Rabaud St. Etienne, a Protestant deputy, 80; his propo-
sition in the States-General, 7; is executed, 313
Railways to be constructed by the State, in France, 633

Rapinat, a merciless plunderer in Switzerland, 417
Rastadt, conferences at, 407; murder of the French nego-
tiators, 418

Reaction against the Terrorists, 365; fresh attempts put
down by the Directory, 384
Reason. idolatry of, 314

"Red Book," the, its scandalous revelations, 86
Reding, Major, murder of, 201

Reform banquets, the, 637; 638; the Parisian banquet pro-
hibited by the ministry, 639; consequences, 640
Regicides, the, banished from France, 542; the law against
them modified, 549, 603
Reichenbach, treaty of, 503

Reign of Terror, the, 296; horrible excesses, 340; fall of
the Terrorists, 350

Religion, the Christian, formally renounced in France, 316:
re-established, 441

Religious congregations, the, their real character, 543
houses opened by the Constituent Assembly, 85
troubles, 91; outrages at Nîmes and elsewhere,

92

worship, discussions on maintaining, 91
Representatives of the people sent to control the operations
of the generals, 233, 299, 321, 342

Republic, French, the question discussed, 136; determined
on by the National Convention, 215
Republican marriages, the, 323
Restoration.-See Bourbons.

Revolution of 1789, meeting of the States-General, 1; cap-
ture of the Bastille, 35; oath to the Constitution, 104;
storming of the Tuileries, 193; September massacres, 199;
the National Convention, 214; trial of the king, 242;
Reign of Terror, 296; the Committee of Public Safety,
301; the Directory, 382; the Consulate, 429; the
Empire, 460; restoration of the Bourbons, 511; the
Hundred Days, 516; return of Louis XVIII., 527

of 1830, 586; flight of Charles X., 592; Duc
d'Orleans proclaimed king, 598; trial of the ex-
ministers, 602.-See Louis Philippe.

of 1848, 639; the reform banquets, 639; ab-
dication of Louis Philippe, 640; the Provisional Go-
vernment, 641

Revolutionary army, the, established by the Convention,
301; disbanded, 329

304

Government, the, its vigorous proceedings,

tribunal, its appointment, 163; executions,
198; a fresh tribunal appointed, 258; its proceedings,
340; number of its victims, 343; remodelled, 356

women, society of, 303

Rewbell, a Conventionalist, becomes one of the Directory,
382; proposes the invasion of Switzerland, 411; retires,

418

Rhine, Confederation of the, formed, 471
Richelieu, Duc de, becomes minister to Louis XVIII., 534;
his reluctance to agree to the terms of the Allies, 537;
opposes the vengeful spirit of the Chamber, 541; pro-
cures the withdrawal of the allied troops, 547; resigns
office, 549; his pension, 549; his second administra-
tion, 553; resigns, 558; his death, 560
Robespierre, Maximilien, his early life and character, 120;
his proposition to the States-General, 7; his reply to
the insidious proposal of the Archishop of Aix, 11; a
member of the Breton Club, 45; wishes to attach
the clergy to the Revolution, 94; argues against the
punishment of death, 126; increase of his influence,
138; his Address to the French, 142; argues against
war, 160; appointed public accuser, 163; his hatred
to La Fayette, 174; proposes a National Convention,
195; accused of aspiring to the Dictatorship, 218;
his reply to the charge, 218, 227; urges the death
of the king, 240; his attack on Vergniaud, 268; his
simple mode of life, 296; opposes atheism, 319; his
power not so great as usually supposed, 334; attempt
to assassinate him, 337; presides at the Fête of the
Supreme Being, 338; brings forward a new law for
the Revolutionary Tribunal, 339; his weakness, 340;
indirect attack on him in the Convention, 343; saves
many of the Girondins, 345; defends the system of
terror, 346; denounced in the Convention, 347; at-
tempts suicide, 348; is executed, 349; numerous execu-
tions of his partisans, 349; his papers, 357

the younger, executed, 349

Rochambeau appointed to command the army of the North,
160;
his dislike to the service, 169; resigns, 170
Roederer, his account of the transactions of the 10th August,

194

Roland appointed Minister of the Interior, 165; his letter
to the king, 172; dismissed, 172; reappointed, 194;
his letter on the September massacres, 203; resigns
office, 254; flees from Paris, 278; commits suicide, 310
Madame, her character, 165; is arrested, 278; exe-
cuted, 310

Roman Republic established, 410

Rome occupied by the French, 410

king of, title given to Napoleon's son, 491
Rossignol, his atrocities in La Vendée, 342; 371
Rousseau, apotheosis of, 354

Roustan, the Mamlook, 499

Royal sitting of June 23, 1789, 18

tombs at St. Denis destroyed, 317

Slave Trade, treaties for the suppression of the, 541, 616;
right of search, 635

Smith, Sir Sidney, at Acre, 415; his negotiations with the
French in Egypt, 437
Smolensk, capture of, 494

Society in Paris, under the Directory, 358; after the Resto-
ration, 535

Soldiers, private, their miserable condition under the French
monarchy, 23; join with the people, 23, 25; fire on the
foreign troops, 26

Sombreuil, M., Clovernor of the Hôtel des Invalides, 33;
imprisoned in the Abbaye, 202

Mlle., saves her father's life by drinking human
blood, 202

Soult, Marshal, fights the useless battle of Toulouse, and
then joins the Bourbons, 512; becomes Minister of
War, 514; made a peer, 575; a minister under Louis
Philippe, 601; retires, 637

Royalty abolished in France, 215

Russia joins the third coalition against France, 467: inva-
sion of, by the French, 494; their disastrous retreat,
496

Sacrilege, severe law against, 568

St. André, Commissary with the French fleet, 342
St. Antoine, armed petitioners from the Faubourg, 176
St. Bernard, passage of the, 435

St. Cyr, Marshal, Minister of War under the Bourbons, 534
St. Denis, destruction of the royal tombs at, 317

St. Domingo, breaking out of the insurrection in, 159; use-
less expeditions to, 443, 451; its independence recog-
nized, 572

St. Helena, Napoleon exiled to, 530; his death there, 538;
removal of his remains, 632

St. Huruge, at Versailles, 39, 57

St. Juan de Ulloa, capture of, 630

St. Just, his memorable report on the state of the Govern-
ment, 304; his administration in Alsace, 325; is exe-
cuted, 349

St. Ouen, declaration of, 512

St. Simon, his doctrines, 608; his followers, 609; prosecu-
tions against them, 613

Saintes, Bishop of, murdered, 200

Salt, atrocious laws regarding the smuggling of, 332
Sans-culotte, introduction of the term, 165
Sans-culottism, its absurdities, 317

Santerre assists at the capture of the Bastille, 34; his con-
duct on the 20th June, 176; bribed by the court, 187;
his conduct on occasion of the massacres, 208; com-
mands at the execution of the king, 253; serves in La
Vendée, 342

Sardinia, King of, driven from Piedmont, 417

Sauce, the Procureur of Varennes, 132; the king seized at
his house, 133

Savary, his mission to Spain, 477: made Minister of Police,
488

Saxony, Elector of, made king, 474

Secret Societies, in Germany, 551; in France, 559; laws
against, 617

Segur, Maréchal de, his explanation about his pensions, 87
Senate. the, under the Consulate, 431; under the Empire,
460; replaced by the Chamber of Peers at the Restora-
tion, 512

September, Laws of, their odious character, 620

massacres, 199

Septembriseurs, the, paid for their murders, 202; many
deported under the Consulate, 439

Septennial Act, the, 563

Sergent, one of the Septembriseurs, 206

Servan becomes Minister of War, 165; proposes the forma
tion of a camp near Paris, 171; dismissed, 172
Sicard, the Abbé, his remarkable escape from death, 200
Sièyes, the Abbé, a deputy to the States-General, 8; pro-
poses the name of National Assembly, 13; declines a
seat in the Directory, 382; accepts it, 418; becomes
one of the Consuls, 428; retires, 430; becomes a senator
and is pensioned, 432; banished at the Restoration, 542
Sillery, one of the Gironde, executed, 309
Simon, gaoler of the Dauphin, 307; is executed, 371
Simplon, road over the, constructed, 448
Slavery abolished in the French colonies, 358

peace, 376; joins France in war against England,
469; overrun by the French, 477; rising of the people,
479; assisted by England, 479; the French expelled,
514; return of Ferdinand VII., 507; revolution, 552;
the French expedition, 561

Spanish marriages, coolness between England and France
concerning the. 637

Staël, Madame de, her Reflections on the French Revolution,
358; her intrigues, 397, 400; disliked by Bonaparte,
447; exiled, 454

Stapz attempts the life of Napoleon, 483

State, Council of, under the Consulate, 450; under the
Empire, 460; under the Bourbons, 533

States-General, meeting of the, 1; dissensions, 6; take the
name of the National Assembly, 13.-See National
Assembly.

Stofflet, a Vendean chief, his murder of Marigny, 342; cap-
tured and executed, 394

Strassburg, attempt of Louis Bonaparte at, 623
Suicide, uncommon among the victims of the Revolution,
343; of Romme and other deputies, 37; attempted by
Robespierre, 348; attempted by Napoleon, 510
Sultan, the, declares war against France, 415; supported by
the four great Powers against Mehemet Ali, 631
Supreme Being, Festival of the, 332

Suworrow defeats Macdonald at the Trebia, 419; defeats
and kills Joubert at Novi, 421; his retreat through
Switzerland, 422

Sweden stripped of Finnland, 475; revolution in, 486;
Bernadotte chosen Crown Prince, 489

Swiss Guards.-See Guards, Swiss.
Switzerland invaded by the French, 412; campaign of
1799, 422; new constitution established, 448; its in-
dependence recognized by the Allies, 541; expulsion of
political refugees, 622

Tahiti, the protectorate of, 635
Talavera, battle of, 491

Talleyrand, bishop of Autun, early life of, 77; styled Abbé,
114; sent on a mission to England, 169; his return to
France, 358, 397; his flattery of Bonaparte, 408; becomes
Minister of Foreign Affairs, 429; is secularized, 447;
correspondence with Lord Hawkesbury, 462; nego-
tiates with the Bourbons, 507; is the head of the
Provisional Government of 1814, 509; his flattery of
the Bourbons, 512; his enmity to Murat, 515; ex-
cepted from the amnesty by Napoleon, 519; becomes
minister to Louis XVIII., 531; his difficulties with
the Allies, 533; resigns, 534; joins the party of the
Palais Royal, 567; his advice to the Duc d'Orleans, 592;
ambassador to England, 621; his death, 629
Tallien, his conduct during the September massacres, 199,
202; his proceedings at Bordeaux, 323; denounces
Robespierre, 347; aspires to a dictatorship, 380; fails,
381; reappears at the Restoration, 515
Target, a deputy to the States-General, 7; declines the office
of advocate to Louis XVI., 246
Telegraph, invention of the, 164
Temple, imprisonment of the royal family in, the, 195, 234
Tennis Court, oath of the, 14
Terror, reign of, 296

Terrorists, their atrocities, 340; their fall, 350
Teste, Charles, his plan of a socialist constitution, 616
M., trial of, 638

tion of "The Country is in danger," 181; wishes to save
the life of the king, 249; is obliged as President of the
National Convention to pronounce sentence against
him, 249; his reply to Robespierre, 268; his views on
government, 272; is executed, 309

Vermond, Abbé de, said to reveal the intentions of the
court, 25

Verona, congress of, 561

Versailles, meeting of the States-General at, 1; events of the
5th October, 68; restored by Louis Philippe, 626
Vesoul, catastrophe at, 52
Veto, discussion on the, 58

Victoire, Madame, (aunt of Louis XVI.,) quits France, 112
Victoria, Queen of England, her visits to Louis Philippe,
634, 636

Vienna captured by the French, 482; peace, 483; congress
of, 515

Villele, M. de, becomes minister, 559; unwilling to interfere
in Spain, 560; carries the Septennial Act, 563; quarrel
with Chateaubriand, 564; remodels his cabinet, 565;
obliged to resign, 576

Vincennes, attack on the prison of, 114; murder of the Duc
d'Enghien there, 456; the ex-ministers of Charles X.
imprisoned there before trial, 600

Vittoria, battle of, 503

Troppau, congress at, 556

Tuileries, life of the court at the, 99; visit of the mob to
the, 176; stormed by the mob on the 10th August,
193; the first sitting of the National Convention opened
there, 215; permanently held there, 272; becomes the
residence of the First Consul, 435

Turenne, outrage offered to his remains, 317
Turin, emigrant nobles assemble there, 75, 86
Turkey, difference between France and the Four Great
Powers on the affairs of, 631

Twelve, Commission of the, appointed, 273; insurrection
against them, 276; they are suppressed, 278

Twenty-one, Committee of, 241

Twenty-four, Committee of, 236
Tyrol, the, conquered by the French, 486

Ulm, surrender of Mack's army at, 468

United States, disputes with England about the Orders in
Council, 476; claims on France, 617

Valaze, one of the Girondins, suicide of, 309
Valmy, indecisive battle of, 213
Varennes, the royal family arrested at, 132
Venaissin, the, annexed to France, 95, 146

Venice seized by the French, 404; given to the Austrians,
410; ceded to the French, 468; again ceded to Austria,
541

Verdets, the, their origin, 94

Verdun, captured by the Prussians, 210

Walcheren expedition, the, 483

War discussion on the right to declare, 8, 96; decreed against
Austria, by the Legislative Assembly, 168; against
Great Britain by the National Convention, 254; against
Spain, 271

War contributions and indemnities levied on France by the
Allies, 537

Warsaw, Grand Duchy of, 474; capture of the city of, 606
Waterloo, battle of, 525

Wellesley, Sir Arthur, defeats Junot at Vimeiro, 479
Wellington, his successes in Spain, 486, 491, 503; enters

France, 507; defeats Napoleon at Waterloo, 525; ques-
tion of the capitulation of Paris, 539; made mediator
between France and her creditors, 546

Westermann directs the attack on the Tuileries, 193; his
proceedings in the west of France, 289; executed, 331
Westphalia, kingdom of, established, 475

Whitworth, Lord, the English ambassador, insulting lan-
guage of Bonaparte to, 453

Workmen, unemployed, of Paris, tumultuary meetings of,
64; in the Revolutions of 1830 and 1848, 586, 639
Works of Art carried off by the French, reclaimed by the
Allies, 534

Wurmser defeated by Bonaparte, 390; surrenders at
Mantua, 403

York, duke of, his campaign in the Netherlands, 302; its
unfortunate result, 363; his expedition to the Helder,
421

3