ARITHMETIC. ARTICLE 1. ARITHMETIC is the science of numbers, and the art of computing by them. 2. A Unit is one. 3. A Number is a unit, or a combination of units. 4. A Concrete, or Denominate Number, is a number which is applied to some object or objects; as, one boy, two apples, three slate pencils, four sounds. 5. An Abstract Number is a number which is not applied to any object; as, one, two, three. Four girls; seven swans; two; ten; nine chairs; five knives; eight; twelve horses; six mules; two oxen; four; eleven; seven pond lilies ; one; ten; thirteen; nine days; fifteen lessons; two rabbits; six bushels. Name the abstract numbers in the above. 7. The fundamental operations of written Arithmetic are based upon NOTATION, and consist of ADDITION, SUBTRACTION, MULTIPLICATION, and DIVISION. NOTATION AND NUMERATION. 8. Notation is the art of writing numbers. Numeration is the art of reading numbers. 9. Besides being expressed in words, numbers are repre (9) |