When the unfortunate boy had lost all, but 2, how many had James won from John? James and John, counting their peaches, found they had 50; after John had got 14, they agreed to divide the rest, equally between them; how many did each receive? A man gave his son one dollar to be laid out as he pleased, expecting that it would be devoted to some good use, as had been before, bought one book for 20 cents, one for 30, and one for 40; how much has he left? 80 scholars compose your instructor's school; 25 come from over the bridge, 15 from down town, 20 from up town, and the rest are boarders from out of town; how many belong out of town? You bought 100 new marbles for 50 cents, and sold Peter 10 for 15 cents, Harry 6 for 10 cents, Thomas 34 for 20 cents; how many marbles have you remaining, and how much more did you give for them, than what you sold come to? How many quarters to an apple, or any thing? How many sevenths to any thing? . How many sixths, fifths, and ninths, to any thing? If you had 4 pencils, and should giveaway how mauy would you have left? If you had 3 cents, and should give away; how many would you have left? If you have 8 pencils, and give away, how have you left? If, how many have left? If g, how many have left. many If you have 16 marbles, and should part with with, and §; how many left have each time? If you have 20 cents, and part with, how many is that, and how many left? 24 Suppose you had 30 chesnuts, and should part with, how many is that, and how many have left! John, James, and Harry, had 24 pencils, John says he will take for his part, James takes for his part, and Harry having attended more to fractions than the others, cunningly said, he would take the remainder; which got the most, and how many did each have? Harry has 12 peaches, and James 24, Harry says that of his, are as many, as of James; did Harry say right, and if not, what is the difference? Note. The demonstration in this rule. is subjoined to the rule, and examples, on account of its being more difficult to be comprehended, and may be omitted as well as in the other rules, till the review, especially by younger scholars. Why do you carry one? Ans. For the one ten, which made the ten units, that I added to the upper figure. What is the ten, which was added by the rule the value of? Ans. The figure in the next higher place. What effect does it have on that, by adding one to the next lower? Ans. It makes it one less. Is the value altered then, by adding 10 to the upper, and carrying, or adding 1 to the next lower figure? Ans. It is not. Give an example of this, by subtracting 3 from 12. Ans. 3 from 2, 1 cant, by adding 10 to 2, I Bay 3 from 12 leaves 9; the 10 which I added to 2, is the value of the figure I in the next upper place, and adding one to the next lower place, has the same effect, as if I had rubbed out the one in the next upper place, and carried none. Addition and Subtraction of Federal Money. How place dollars, cents, &c. to be added and Subtracted? Ans. Dollars under dollars, dimes under dimes cents under cents, &c. If the cents are less than 10, how must they be written down with dollars? Ans. With a cypher between the cents and dollars. How add and subtract in Federal Money? Ans As in Simple Addition and Subtraction. Where place the separatrix? Ans. Directly under the separating points above. What is the proof? Ans. As in whole numbers. What will 20 pencils come to, at 5 cents for 10, and 10 dimes for 10? What is the sum of 50 cents, and 5 dimes? What is the sum of 6 cents, 12 cents, 20 cents, and 2 dimes? If you give 25 cents for a top, 25 cents for a knife, one dime for a slate; how much do they all come to? If you buy a top for 20 cents, 12 marbles for 20 cents, and 6 oranges for 10 cents, and sell them for five dimes; do you make or lose by trading? Your father gave you 15 mills, 4 mills, Imill, 2 dimes, and 28 cents, and said that if you would tell him how much more it would take to make a dollar, he would give you as much more, how much did it take. How much is of a dollar? What will 4 yards, of cloth come to, at of a dollars a yard? What will 2 yards at of a dollar a yard? What will 3 yards at of a dollar a yard? If you buy 6 apples for of a dollar, how many can you buy for a dollar, how many for a dollar How many for 2 of a dollar? You bought a yard of ribbon for 24 cents, and gave to your sister, and sold the rest at 10 cents for a quarter of a yard; did you make, or lose? and how much? John, James, Joseph, and Harry bought a sled for 75 cents, and being inexperienced in figures, except John, who hearing them say, they were willing to pay of a dollar apiece, accepted their proposal, offering to pay the remainder; which gave the best evidence of a knowledge of figures, and how much did John pay? If 3 dollars buy one yard of cloth, what is of a yard worth? A, B, and C buy a chaise for 90 dollars, A pays of it; how many dollars do B and C pay? MULTIPLICATION What is the increasing a number, a given number of times called? Ans. Multiplication. Of how many denominations to be Simple Multiplication? Ans. One. How many parts has it? Ans. Three. What are they? Ans. Multiplicand, Multiplier, and Product. What is the number to be multiplied, called? Ans. Multiplicand. What is the number you multiply by, called? Ans. Multiplier. What is the result of the operation, or answer called? Ans. Product. What are both Multiplier and Multiplicand, sometimes called? Ans. Factors, or terms. Which hand begin to multiply? Ans. Right Why begin at the right? Ans. Because figures increase from the right to the left. How place the figures of the Multiplier? Ans. Units under units, tens under tens, &c. of the Multiplicand. How many carry? Ans. One for every ten, as in Addition. Why? Ans. Because ten units make one ten, 10 tens one hundred and so on. What is the proof? Ans. Take one from the multiplier, and multiply by the remainder; then add the multiplicand to this product, and if the sum is equal to the product of the first multiplication, the work is right. Give an example? Ans. 4 times 6 are 24; 1 from 4 leaves 3; 3 times 6 are 18; by adding in the multiplicand 6 it makes 24, the same as the product of the first multiplication. In multiplying by more figures than one, where place the first figure in each product? Ans. Directly under its multiplier. How are they to be added? Ans. As they there stand. Why do you place the first figure in each product, directly under its multiplier? Ans, Because the first figure stands in the place of units, and the second figure in the place of tens, and so on, and must retain those places in the product in order to be added, for tens must be added to tens, hundreds to hundreds, &c. To illustrate Multiplication, you take into your hand 5 chesnuts 3 times, how many have you had in your hand? How many are 3 times 5 then? |