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COMPOUND SUBTRACTION.

What rule tells the difference between two numbers of the same general nature, but divided into various denominations? Ans. Compound Subtraction.

Wherein does Compound Subtraction differ, from Simple? Ans. Simple consists of only one denomination, Compound of different or more than one. How are the several denominations to be placed? Ans. As in Compound Addition.

How is that?

Which is always to be placed under the greater? Ans. The less.

Which denomination begin with? Ans. The lowest.

How many units do you borrow, if it exceed the figure over it? Ans. As many, as make one of the next higher denominations.

What next? Ans. Subtract it therefrom.

What add the difference to? Ans. The upper figure.

What set down?

Ans. The sum or amount. How long continue to do so? Ans. To the last denominator.

How subtract that? Ans. As in simple subtraction. What is the proof? Ans. As in Simple Subtraction.

A man owes you 1 pound and 19 shillings, and pays you 18 shillings, how much remains unpaid? A man owes you 12, 19s. 12d, and pay yon 1d, how much remains unpaid?

You borrow of a man 1, 20s. 12d, and pays one farthing; how much more ought he to demand of you?

Harry lent you 1£, and you returned 1 farthing of it; how much is his due now?

COMPOUND MULTIPLICATION.

Wherein does compound differ from Simple Multiplication? Ans. Simple consists of only one denomination. Compound of more than one, or different denominations.

What is Compound Multiplication then? Ans. It is the multiplying numbers of different denominations, by a single number.

Under which denomination is the multiplier to be placed? Ans. The smallest.

How multiply each denomination? Ans. Separately, as in Simple Multiplication.

How divide the product, and carry? Ans. As in Compound Addition.

What is the proof? Ans. As in Simple Multipli@ation,

Note.-Examples are omitted in this, and some other rules, as being too difficult to be performed, without the use of the slate.

COMPOUND DIVISION.

Wherein does Compound Division differ from Simple? Ans. Simple consists of only one denomination, Compound of more than one, or different denominations.

What is Compound Division then? Ans. It is the process of finding how many times, one number is contained in another, of different denominations. With which denomination do you begin to divide? Ans. The highest.

How divide it? Ans. As in Simple Division.

If you have a remainder what do you multiply it, by. Ans. By as many of the next lower denomination, as make one of this

What add in? Ans. The next denomination in the dividend, if there be any.

How divide then? Ans. As in Simple Division. How proceed, after this, to finish your sum? Ans. As before.

What is the proof? Ans. The same, as in Simple Division.

REDUCTION.

What is the process of changing numbers, from one denomination to another, without altering their value, called? Ans. Reduction. How does this affect the value?

alter it.

Ans. It does not

How do you prove this? Ans. Take a large piece of paper, and call it one pound, then cut this pound into shillings, or 20 pieces, (which is the same as multiplying by 20,) consequently, there are 20 shillings in one pound, or 20 shillings are equal to one pound.

Now take these 20 shillings, and cut them into pence, or 12 pieces each (which is the same as multiplying the 20 shilling by 12 pence,) and count them, there are 240 pieces; that is 240 pence in one pound; hence the value is not altered.

How many kinds of Reduction are there? Ans. Two.

What are they? A. Descending and Ascending. What is the changing larger denominations into smaller called? Ans. Reduction Descending. Give an example:

Tons into drams, pounds into farthings, &c. What is it performed by? Ans. Multiplication. What is the changing smaller denominations inte larger, called? Ans. Reduction Ascending

Give an example. Ans. Drams into tons, farthings into pounds, &c.

What is this performed by? Ans. Division.

In Reduction Descending, how do you multiply the highest denomination given? Ans. By as many of the next denomination as it fakes to make one of this.

What add in?

Ans. The next denomination in

the sum, if there be any..

How long proceed in this way? Ans. Till it is brought to the denomination required!

What is the proof? Ans. Divide by your last multip:ier and so on.

For example; how multiply pounds? Ans. By shillings.

How multiply shillings? Ans. By pence.

How multiply cwts.?

Ans. By qrs.

What do you multiply by, to bring 25 pounds
into farthings? Ans. By 20s. 12d. and 4 qrs.
What to bring one hundred weight into pounds?
What to bring one hundred weight into onnces?
What to bring one hundred weight into drams?
What to bring one ton into drams?

What to bring one pound into grains?
What to bring one Ell French into nails?
What to bring one Ell Flemish into nails?
What to bring one Ell English into nails?
What to bring 5 bushels into pints?
What to bring 10 tuns into gills?

What to bring 360 degrees into inches?

What to bring 640 square acres into square feet? What to bring 20 solid feet into solid inches?

What to bring weeks into seconds?

What to bring 6 signs into minutes?

What multiply by, to tell how many seconds old

you are, allowing 365 days to the year?

What multiply guineas by, to bring them inte shillings? Ans. By 28.

How multiply to bring 10£, 0s. 5d, into farthings! How multiply to bring 5 years, 20 days, 15 hours, 30 minutes, and 40 seconds into seconds!

What multiply 360 degrees by to tell how many barley corns will reach round the world?

How divide in Reduction Ascending? Ans. By as many of that denomination as make one of the next higher.

How long continue to do so? Ans. Till it is brought to the denomination required.

Ans.

What denomination is the remainder of? The dividend. How divide shillings, as a general rule? Ans. By shillings.

How divide pence? Ans, By pence.

How drams?

How ounces?

Ans. By Drams.

Ans. By Ounces.

How do you prove Reduction Ascending? Multiply by your last divisor and so on.

How bring 1000 farthings into pounds; that is, what divide by?

How bring 1000 pounds into hundred weights? How bring 46900 ounces into quarters?

How bring 600 grains into ounces?

How bring 50 quarters into Ells Flemish!

How bring 75 quarts into bushels?

How bring 1200 gallons into hogsheads?
How bring 540 yards into rods?

How bring inches into acres?

How bring 1000 solid inches into cords of wood! How bring 1000 hours into days, and months? How bring 1000 minutes into signs?

How bring shillings into guineas, of 28 shillings each?

How bring shillings into dollars?

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