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Suppose you are 500000000 seconds old; how can you tell, how many years old you are?

REDUCTION OF FEDERAL MONEY. How bring Eagles into dollars? Ans. Annex 2 eyphers.

How into cents?

How into mills?

Ans. Annex 3 cyphers.
Ans. Annex 4 cyphers.

How bring dollars into dimes?

eypher.

How bring dollars into cents? cyphers.

How bring dollars into mills? phers.

Ans. Annex 1

Ans. Annex 2

Ans. Annex 3 cy

How bring mills into Eagles? Ans. Cut off four figures for mills, or 1 for dollars, 2 for cents, and 1 for mills.

How bring mills into dollars?

Ans. Cut off 3 fig

Ans. Cut off 2 fig1 for mills,

ures for mills, or 2 for cents and 1 for mills.
How bring mills into dimes?
ures for mills, or 1 for cents and
How bring mills into cents?
figure for mills.

How bring cents into dollars? figures, or remove the separatrix.

Ans. Cut off one

Ans. Cut off 2

How bring dollars into cents then? Ans. Annex

2 cyphers, or remove the separatrix.

For example; how many cents, are 2 dollars? Ans. 200 cents.

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Ans. 425.

Ans. 525.

Bring 500 cents into dollars. Ans. 5 dollars.
Bring 4 dollars 25 cents, into cents.
Bring 5 dollars 25 cents, into cents.
Bring 4 dollars 15 cents into cents.
If the cents are less than ten; what must be done

Ans. 415.

in writing them down? Ans. Place a cypher be

tween the dollars and cents.

For example: how write down 4 dollars, 1 cent, in cents? Ans. 401 cents.

How write down 25 dollars and 4 cents? Ans, 25,04 cents.

FRACTIONS.

What are parts of whole numbers called? Ans. Fractions.

How many kinds?

Ans. Two.

What are they? Ans. Vulgar and Decimal.

How is a Vulgar Fraction expressed? Ans. By two numbers, placed one above another, with a horrizontal line between them.

What is the number below the line called? Ans. Denominator.

What is the number above the line called? Ans. Numerator.

Which shows how many parts an apple or any, thing, is divided into? Ans. Denominator. Which shows how many, of those parts are taken? Ans. Numerator.

To illustrate; take an apple, and cut it tnto 4 equal parts, and give away two parts; now which is the denominator and which is the numerator?

How would you express what you gave away in fractions? Ans. or two fourths.

If you own of a vessnl, how many parts is the vessel divided into? Ans. 40.

If the same vessel wss divided into 16 parts, and you own 8 of them; how would you express it in fractions? Ans. 16.

What part do you own,, or 2: Ans.

How prove that it is ? Ans. If a vessel is divid

ed into 16 parts and I own 8, I own, for 8 is of

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If a building is divided into 24 parts, and James owns 3 parts, Thomas 9 parts, how would these parts be expressed? Ans. 16.

Would you two own the whole? Ans. Not but. How many parts would you two own? Ans. 14. If Harry should buy 3 parts; how would his part be expressed? Ans. •

How much would you all three own. Ans. 1. Suppose William should buy 6 parts, how would you express his part? Ans.

How many are all your parts added together? Ans. 21.

How express them in fractions?

Ans.

Suppose Stephen should buy 3 parts more; what part would you all own then?

How prove that? Ans. 3 more make 24, the number of parts the building was divided into, in the first part.

Does multiplying the numerator, and denominator by the same number, alter the value? Ans. It does not.

Does dividing both numerator and denominator by the same number alter the value? Ans. It does

not.

How prove that? Ans. It has been proved that is, now multiply 1 by 8, and 2 by 8, and the expression will be, which is equal to ; so divide both 8 and 16 by the same number 8, and the result will be; hence the value is not altered.

How must a fraction be divided to reduce it to its lowest terms? Ans. By any number that will divide both numerator, aud denominator, without a remainder, and the quotient again, as before and so on.

When is it said, to be reduced to its lowest terms?

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Ans. When there is no number, greater than one that will divide them both without a remainder.

Give an example. Ans. reduced to its lowest terms, is one half.

In reducing fractional parts of weights, measures &c. to their proper denominations, how multiply the numerator? Ans. By as many of the next denomination, a8

is a part.

make one of which the fraction

What divide by? Ans. Denominator.

How long continue to do so? Ans. Till through with all the denominations.

For example; how multiply and divide of a pound? Ans. By 20 and divide by 8.

How of a day to reduce it to its proper quantity? Ans. By 24 hours, and so on.

How reduce of a day, to its proper quantity? How reduce of a mile to its proper quantity? How of a minute to is proper quantity?

DECIMAL FRACTIONS.

How are whole numbers supposed to be divided in Decimal Fractions? Ans. Into tenths, hundredths, thousandths, tens of thousandths, &c. How are they expressed in figures?

placing a point before them.

Ans. By

What is the point prefixed called? Ans. Separatrix.

Ilow may the denominator always be known? Ars. By annexing as many cyphers to the figure 1. as there are decimal figures.

Give an example.

Ans. ‚5,55,555.

What is the denominator?

Ans. 10, 100, 1000.

To illustrate; suppose one whole number, or an apple is divided into ten equal parts, 5 means five of those parts.

Suppose an apple, or any thing is divided into 100 equal parts; what would 75 mean? Ans. 75 of those parts.

How would it be written? Ans. With a point before it, thus,75.

Which hand begin to numerate?

Aus. Left. Do Decimals increase or decrease, from this hand? Ans. Decrease.

In what proportion? Ans. Ten fold.

What is the first figure on the right of the separatrix, called? Ans. Tens.

What the next, and so on? Ans. Hundredths, &c. as in the numeration table.

To illustrate, what does the first figure on the left of the following decimal mean,,111? Ans. One tenth part of a whole number.

What does the second? Ans. One hundredth part of the whole.

What the third?

Do you begin at the same hand to numerate in deeimals as in whole numbers? Ans. I do not.

Tell how you begin in both.

What place in decimals does the separatrix take the place of in whole numbers? Ans. Units.

What is the value of a cypher, placed at the right of decimals? Ans. No use.

What use placed at the left? Ans It decreases the value of the decimal.

In what proportion? Ans. Tenfold.

To illustrate; what does,5,50,500 and ,05,005 mean? Ans.,5 means,,50 means and no hundredths, and ,500 means, no hundredths and no thousandths, and ,05 means no tenths, andʊ,005 means no tenths, no hundredths but T and as To is ten times less than ; hence the value is de creased, in a tenfold proportion

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