42. If one pound of sugar cost 9 cents, what will be the cost of 4 lbs.? 5 lbs.? 6 lbs.? 7 lbs.? 8 lbs.? 9 lbs.? 10 lbs.? 11 lbs.? 43. If in 1 shilling there be 12 pence, how many pence in 5 shillings? In 6? In 7? In 8? In 9? In 10? In 11? In 12? 44. If in 1 mile there are 8 furlongs, how many furlongs in 3 miles? In 4? In 5? In 6? In 7? In 8? In 9? In 10? 45. If 12 oz. make a pound troy, how many ounces in 10 ibs.? 46. If 5 quarters make one ell English, how many quarters in 7 ells English? In 8? In 9? In 10? In 12? În 14 ? 47. If there be 9 square feet in one square yard, how many square feet in 7 yards? In 8? In 9? In 10? In 11? In 12? 48. If there be 16 ounces in one pound avoirdupois, how many ounces in 5 lbs.? In 7? In 8? In 9? In 10? In 12? Let the pupil perform the last 12 questions on the slate, and notice, that MULTIPLICATION is a compendious way of performing Ad dition. It consists of three parts, the number to be multiplied or the multiplicand, the number to multiply by or multiplier, and the result or product, which is the answer to the question. RULE. Place the larger number uppermost, and then set the multiplier under it, so that units may be under units, &c., and multiply each figure in the multiplicand by the multiplier, beginning at the unit's place and carry for ten, as in Addition. When the multiplier consists of more places than one, multiply each figure in the multiplicand by every figure in the multiplier, beginning with the units, and placing the first figure of each product directly under its multiplier; then add all these several products together in the same order as they stand, and their sum will be the true product required. If there be ciphers at the right hand of the multiplier or multiplicand, they may be neglected in the operation, but their number must be affixed to the product. PROOF. The regular way to prove questions in Multiplication is by Division; but a more expeditious way is by casting out the 9's, thus; cast the 9's from the multiplicand and place the remainder at the right of a cross, then cast the 9's from the multiplier and place the remainder at the left of the cross; then cast the 9's from the product and set the remainder at the top of the cross. Multiply together the numbers on each side of the cross, and cast the '9s from their product, and if the remainder be like the number at the top of the cross, it may be presumed the work is right. See Ex. 11. TABLE OF PYTHAGORAS. 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 72 4 8 12 16 20 5 10 15 20 25 6 12 18 24 7 14 21 28 30 36 8 16 24 32 35 42 40 48 60 66 72 78 241 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 841 911 98 105|112 119 126|133|140 147|154|161|168 96 104|112|120|128|136|144 152|160|168|176|184|192 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108 117 126 135 144 153 162 171|180|189|198|207|216 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 12 24 36 48 60 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 88 99|110|121|132 143 154 165 176 187 198|209 220 231 242 253 264 72 84 96 108 120 132 144|156 168|180|192|204|216 228|240|252|264|276|288| 13 26 39 52 65 78| 91 104|117|130 143|156 169 182 195 208|221 234 247 260 273|286|299|312 14 28 42 56 70 84 98|112|126|140 154|168|182 196|210|224|238|252 266 280 294|308 322 336 15 30 45 60 75 90|105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210|225|240|255|270|285 300 315 330 345|360| 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144|160 176|192|208|224|240 256 272|288|304|320|336|352|368|384| 17 34 51 68 85|102|119|136|153|170|187|204|221|238|255|272|289|06|323|340|357 374 391|408 18 36 54 72 90|108|126|144|162|180|198 216|234 252 270 288 306 324 342 360 378 396|414|432 19 38 57 76 95 114 133 152 171 190 209 228 247 266 285|304|323|342|361|380 399|418|437 456 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400|420|440|460|480 21 421 63 84|105|126|147|168|189|210|231 252 273|294|315 336 357 378 399 420 441 462 483 504 22 44 66 88|110|132|154 176 198|220 242 264|286 308 330 352 374 396 418|440|462|484|506 528 23 46 69 92 115 138 161|184|207|230|253|276 299 322 345 368 391|414|437 460|483|506|529 552 24 48 72 96|120|144|168|192|216 240,264 288 3121336,360 384|408 432 456|480 504|528|552|576 EXAMPLES. 123456789 987654821 678956824 36785678 3 2036868972 257499746 16. Multiply 75432 by 47. Ans. 121932631112635269. 27. What will 27 oxen cost at 35 dollars each? Ans. $945. 28. What will 365 acres of land cost at 73 dollars per acre? Ans. $26645. 29. What will 97 tons of iron cost at 57 dollars a ton ? 30. What will 897 yards of cloth cost at 7 Ans. $5529. dollars per yard? Ans. $2779. cost at 37 dollars Ans. $21053. 31. What will 569 hogsheads of molasses per hogshead? 32. If a man travel 37 miles in one day, how far will he travel in 365 days? Ans. 13505 miles. 33. If one quire of paper have 24 sheets, how many sheets are in a ream, which consists of 20 quires? Ans. 480 sheets. 34. If a vessel sails 169 miles in one day, how far will she sail in 144 days? Ans. 24336 miles. 35. What will 698 barrels of flour cost at 7 dollars a barrel ? Ans. $4886. 36. What will 376 lbs. of sugar cost at 13 cents a pound? Ans. 4888 cts. 87. What will 97 lbs. of tea cost at 93 cents a pound? Ans. 9021 cts. Ans. 59784. 38. If a regiment of soldiers consists of 1128 men, how many men are there in an army of 53 regiments? 39. What will an ox weighing 569 pounds amount to at 8 cents a pound? Ans. 4552 cts. 40. If a barrel of cider can be bought for 93 cents, what will 75 barrels cost? Ans. 6975 cts. 41. If in a certain factory 786 yards of cloth are made in one day, how many will be made in 313 days? Ans. 246018 yds. 42. A certain house contains 87 windows, and each window has 32 squares of glass, how many squares are there in the whole house? Ans. 2784 squares. 43 There are 407 wagons each loaded with 30009 pounds of coal, how many pounds are there in the whole ? Ans. 12213663 pounds. 44. Multiply three hundred and seventy-five millions two hundred and ninety-six thousand three hundred and twentyone, by seventy-nine thousand and twenty-four. Ans. 29657416470704. 45. What would be the cost of 687 fother of lead at 73 dollars a fother? Ans. $50151. 2 is contained in 12, How many times is 5 contained in 10? how many times? 4 in 12 how many times? 3 in 12 how many times? 6 in 12 how many times? 2. James had 8 apples, and John had half as many, how many had he? 3. How many pears at 2 cents a piece can you buy for 4 cents? 4. If you have 8 apples to give to 4 boys, how many can you give to each? 5. Joseph has 12 pears, which he wishes to distribute equally between 6 of his companions, how many can he give them apiece? 6. If a man travel 3 miles in an hour, how many hours will it take him to travel 12 miles? 7. Fourteen are how many times 2? 8. At 6 cents apiece, how many oranges can you buy for 18 cents? 9. If 1 pencil cost 2 cents, how many can you buy for 20 cents? 10. If you can buy 1 slate for 6 cents, how many can you buy for 30 cents? 11. If you had 60 cents, how many quires of paper could you buy at 20 cents per quire? 12. If one pound of raisins cost 12 cents, how many pounds may be bought for 60 cents? 13. If 10 dollars will buy 1 ton of hay, how many tons may be bought for 30 dollars? 14. 24 are how many times 4? are how many times 6? are how many times 8? are how many times 12? 15. 27 are how many times 3? how many times 9? 16. 28 are how many times 4? how many times 7? 17. 30 are how many times S? how many times 5? how many times 15? how many times 6? how many times 10? 13. 32 are how many times 4? 8? 16? 5? 9? 11? 18? 17? 19. 36 are how many times 4? 6? 9? 12? 5? 7? 11? 30? 35? 20. 40 are how many times 4? 5? 8? 10? 3? 6? 7? 9? 11? 21. 42 are how many times 6? 7? 14? 21? 8? 9? 10? 11? 22. 48 are how many times 4? 6? 8? 12? 5? 6? 7? 9? 10? 23. 56 are how many times 4? 7? 8? 9? 10? 11? 12? 13? 24. 60 are how many times 3? 4? 5? 6? 10? 12? 7? 8? 9? 25. 64 are how many times 4? 8? 16? 5? 6? 7? 9? 10? 11? 26. 66 are how many times 2? 3? 6? 22? 33? 4? 5? 7? 8? 27. 72 are how many times 8? 9? 12? 6? 7? 8? 17? 18? 28. 84 are how many times 7? 12? 8? 9? 10? 11? 13? 14? 29. A man buys 6 sheep for 48 dollars; what did he give apiece? 30. James gave 72 cents for 8 quarts of cherries; what were they a quart? 31. Thomas gave 96 cents for 8 penknives; what was the price of each? 32. Benjamin had 37 nuts; he gave 7 to James, and divided the remainder equally between himself and two sisters; how many will be his share? how 33. Thomas has 98 cents; he gave his sister Nancy 18 and divided the remainder between himself and 9 others; many will each have? |