THEOREM II. In any right-angled triangle, radius is to either side as the tangent of the adjacent acute angle is to the opposite side, or the secant of the same angle to the hypothenuse. Let the triangle CAB be right angled at A, then will R: CA: tang. C: AB:: sec. c: CB. From the point c as a centre, with a radius equal to the radius of the tables, describe the arc D B, and from the point D draw D F perpendi cular to CA. Then DF will be the B tangent, and or the secant of the angle c. Because the triangles CA B, CDF are similar, we have, In every plane triangle there are six parts: three sides and three angles. Of these, any three being given, provided one of them is a side, the others may be determined. In a rightangled triangle, one of the six parts, viz. the right angle, is always given; and if one of the acute angles is given, the other is, of course, known. Hence the number of parts to be considered in a right-angled triangle is reduced to four, any two of which being given, the others may be found. B Ex. 2. Given the hypothenuse 67.43, and the angle at th perpendicular 38° 43′, to find the base and perpendicular. Ans. The base is 42:175, and perpendicular 52.612. CASE II. Given the hypothenuse and one leg, to find the angles and the other leg. This case is solved by Theorem I. Hypothenuse: radius: base: cosine of the angle at the base. pendicular. 54.321: 32-11: 591127, which is the cosine of 53° 45′ 47′′. Also, 1:54:32:: 806580: 43.813 the perpendicular. The computation may be performed more expeditiously by logarithms, as in the former case. Ex. 2. Given the hypothenuse 332-49, and the perpendicular 98-399, to find the angles and the base. Ans. The angles are 17° 12′ 51′′ and 72° 47' 9"; the base, 317.6. CASE III. Given one leg and the angles, to find the other leg and hypothenuse. This case is solved by Theorem II. Radius: base:: tangent of the angle at the base: perpendicular. 1: 222 :: 471631: 104.70, perpendicular; The computation is, perhaps, more expeditiously performed by logarithms as in Case I. Ex. 2. Given the base 125, and the angle at the base 51° 19′, | part, a portion, or an individual involved in their collective to find the hypothenuse and perpendicular. Ans. Hypothenuse, 199-99; perpendicular, 156·12. CASE IV. Given the two legs, to find the angles and hypothenuse. : Base: radius perpendicular: tangent of the angle at the base. Radius: base secant of the angle at the base: hypothenuse. Ex. 1. Given the base 123, and perpendicular 765, to find the angles and hypothenuse. By natural numbers, we have, 123: 1765: 6.219512, tangent of 80° 51′ 57′′. The computation may also be made by logarithms, as in Ex. 2. Given the base 53, and perpendicular 67, to find the angles and hypothenuse. Ans. The angles are 51° 39′ 16′′ and 38° 20′ 44′′; hypothenuse, 85-428. Examples for Practice. 1. Given the base 777, and perpendicular 345, to find the hypothenuse and angles. 2. Given the hypothenuse 324, and the angle at the base 48° 17', to find the base and perpendicular. 3. Given the perpendicular 543, and the angle at the base 72° 45', to find the hypothenuse and base. 4. Given the hypothenuse 666, and base 432, to find the angles and perpendicular. 5. Given the base 634, and the angle at the base 53° 27′, to find the hypothenuse and perpendicular. 6. Given the hypothenuse 1234, and perpendicular 555, to find the base and angles. When two sides of a right-angled triangle are given, the third may be found by means of the property that the square of the hypothenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. Hence h√b +p2; b = √h2 — p2; p = √/h2 — b2. signification: e.g. τα τοῦ σώματος μέρη και μελη the parts and members of the body. ανηρ του δημου a man of the people. Adjectives in the superlative degree govern a genitive of the class: e.g. μεγιστον εστι τῶν ἀγαθῶν αρετη virtue is the greatest of good things. When, however, the superlative signifying a very high degree of the quality does not involve a comparison, it stands in the same case as the noun which it qualifies: e.g. Κῦρος ευδοκιμωτατος βασιλευς γεγενηται Verbs which are derived from a superlative, or express a verbs are those which denote to govern, to rule, to be superior, superlative idea, require their object in the genitive. Such as αρχειν, to rule; πρωτεύειν, to be first ; κρατιστεύειν, το master; apiorEvELV, to be the best; rupavveiv, to govern as a usurper; βασιλευειν, to reign, to reign over; ἡγεμονεύειν, to be in command as a general; yea, to rule; ɛrioratɛiv, to sway; πрoorartεīv, to enjoin, direct; σrparnyɛv, to command an army, to be a general; vavaρxeiv, to command a fleet, to be an admiral. The verb avarov may take either a genitive or a dative. When nyoba signifies to lead, to act as a leader, it governs a dative. Verbs which denote an action that affects the object only in part, put that object in the genitive. Such verbs are, μɛTexεiv, to share; κοινωνειν, to have in common ; μεταλαμβάνειν, το partake of; μeradidovai, to give another a portion of; Tuyxavav, to fall upon, to obtain; avriav, to light on, to meet with; Anpovoμtiv, to acquire by inheritance; avTITOLiobas, μεταποιεῖσθαι, το claim. Such verbs, also, are those which signify to touch (arreσbai, yave, Otyyavav); to be near, to border on, to approach (eyyičev, mλnoialeiv); to hold to any thing (εχεσθαι, αντεχεσθαι, αντιλαμβανεσθαι); to strike, to hit, to reach τυγχάνειν, εξικνεῖσθαι, εφικνεῖσθαι); to aim at (OTOXαLEGOα); to tread on (ETIßaivev). In the same category may be placed verbs which mean to begin (apxev, aрxεoba); to attempt, to endeavour (repaolai); to taste (yeveoba); to cause another to taste (YEVEL). Instances are given in the Ex. 2. If the hypothenuse is 514, and the perpendicular exercise. In addition, take this one from Menander : 432, what is the base? LESSONS IN GREEK.-No. LX. By JOHN R. BEARD, D.D. IMFORT AND USE OF THE GENITIVE. THE genitive is the case of the determinative attribute expressed by a substantive. The genitive, consequently, serves for the expression of an object which is so blended with another as to individualise that other. νομων έχεσθαι παντα δει τον σωφρονα the wise man ought to cleave to the laws. The construction of these verbs is followed by a number of adjectives which involve the idea of participation, or the idea of proximity and touching. Such adjectives are, μετοχος, sharing; apopog, having no share in; ueros, in the middle; EvaνTIOS, opposite. So, also, adverbs of similar import govern the genitive, as eyyug, near; oжɩobev, behind; repay, on the other side. According to the analogy of verbs meaning to touch, the poets construe verbs which signify to entreat, as it was customary in supplication to touch the person to whom the prayer was addressed; the part touched was put in the genitive: e.g. ἱκετεύω σε τῶνδε γουνατων και σοῦ γενείου λισσομαι Ζηνος Ολυμπιου The numerous applications of the genitive may be ranged under three principal heads :-1. The genitive denotes an object to which another belongs as a part or member; this is called the genitivus 'partitivus, the partitive genitive. 2. The I implore thee by these knees and by thy beard. genitive denotes an object to which another belongs as a pos- So, also, may the person entreated be put in the genitive: c.g. session or property; this is called the genitivus possessivus (hence the English term for the genitive, namely, the "possessive case"), the genitive of possession. 3. The genitive denotes an object from which another proceeds, by which another is produced (hence the name genitive, from gigno, I beget) or occasioned; this is called the genitivus auctoris, or the genitivus materiæ, or again, the genitivus causalis, the causal or originating genitive. Taking up these three heads in succession, we have 1. The Partitive Genitive. With nouns denoting a part or number of a whole, the whole is put in the genitive case. So are collective nouns put in the genitive, being governed by the word that signifies a I entreat Olympian Jupiter. So, when with verbs which ordinarily govern an accusative a part only of the object spoken of is intended, the partitive genitive is used: e.g. Εδωκα σοι των χρημάτων Thus the Greeks said, πινειν οινον, and πινειν οινου. 2. The Genitive of Possession is generally used when it is intended to intimate that an object in some sense belongs to a person. This is the strictly proper use of the possessive genitive. By analogy, the use is extended day." Observe the following idioms: Tov unvos, monthly; to animals, and even things without life. του ενιαυτοῦ, yearly; του λοιποῦ, for the future. Here belongs what is called the genitive absolute: e.g. εκείνου ειποντος, παντες εσιγων he speaking, all were silent. ἡ Περικλέους οικια Pericles's house. οἱ της πόλεως νόμοι the city's laws. we may The use of this genitive in Greek is more extended than it is in English. When we say "the love of a person,' The genitive (in Latin, the ablative) absolute, or the genitive mean love as coming from a person, or love as directed towards which in construction (not sense) is independent of other words, a person. In general, however, the latter is expressed by means is in reality an abridged or elliptical sentence, which indicates of the preposition to or toward; as, "my love to you is very the circumstances under which the ensuing statement is made great." Here, you is the object after the preposition to. In or becomes true. Being a sentence in itself, its noun cannot Greek the genitive would be employed, as evvoia cov, good-form the subject of the connected preposition, which, consewill to thee; this, then, may be called the objective or passive quently, must have a subject of its own. genitive. This genitive in Greek sometimes requires to be represented in English by other prepositions: e.g. μῖσος τινος, ποθος τινος, θαρρος τινος, φόβος τινος, έλεος τινος, δουλειά τινος, πολεμος τινος, επιχείρησις τινος, βια τινος, hatred against a person. courage in regard to a person. pity for a person. servitude to a person. war against a person. 3. The Causal Genitive. The genitive considered as denoting that whence any thing comes, may refer to place. Accordingly the genitive is used with verbs which signify to remove from, to separate, as χωρίζειν, διορίζειν, αποκρίνειν, είργειν, αποκλείειν, εκβάλλειν, apioravai, and the like; also to remove one's self, to be removed, to be at a distance, as απέχειν, απείναι, αφίστασθαι, αποστατεῖν, μεθιστασθαι ; again, verbs which mean to yield, το give way before, as είκειν, ὑπείκειν, παραχωρεῖν, with the adverbs ποῤῥω, έκας, and πλην. Moreover, verbs which λύειν, απολύειν, ελευθεροῦν, σωζειν ; to get off (απαλλαττεσθαι); signify to free, loosen, emancipate, deliver, as aяaλλaтTεv, to fail (ἁμαρτάνειν, αφαμαρτάνειν), with the adjective ελεύθερος. Once more; the genitive is used with verbs which mean to abstain, to turn from (εχειν, αφιστάναι, αποτρέπειν, παύειν, καταλύειν); to hinder (κωλύειν, είργειν, εμποδων εἶναι); το cease, stop, discontinue (παύεσθαι, αφιεσθαι, λήγειν, λωφᾶν, επεχειν); to abstain (απέχεσθαι, and consequently φείδεσθαι, το spare, and apeidεiv, not to spare); to rob, deprive of (orepoκειν, αποστερεῖν, αφαιρεῖν, περιαιρεῖν); to deceive, to mislead τροπαια των Λακεδαιμονίων, the trophies gained or lost by (σφάλλειν); to be misled, to fail (σφαλλεσθαι, ψευδεσθαι, αποτυγχάνειν). A twofold meaning is often involved in the genitive; whence arises an ambiguity which you must look to the context and import of the passage to solve: e.g. →εv oρкot, either oaths of the gods, or oaths by the gods. aжоiva Tivos, a ransom by or for you. the Spartans. voμos tivos, a law passed by you or passed for another. The genitive is used of places when, in English, we should employ the preposition in : e.g. τῆς Αττικής εν Ελευσίνι The adjectives dog and oikεLog, one's own, take the person to whom the possession is ascribed, in either the genitive or the dative; but the adjective ispoc, sacred to, always requires the genitive. Verbs which denote to be of, to spring from, such as sivat, yiyverbal, etc., take a genitive of the object whence a person or thing is said to arise: e.g. αγαθών εστε προγόνων you are of a good family. According to this analogy we have certain phrases, as tavrov eivai, to be of himself, that is, to be his own master; TOU XEYOνTOS εival, to be in the power of the speaker; rou αρχοντος εστι, it is a ruler's duty or function; σωφρονος ανδρος EOT, it is the part or the mark of a wise man. With adverbs of place and time, the indications of place and time are put in the genitive: e.g. Difference of quality bears a resemblance to distance in space. Accordingly verbs which signify to differ, to be different (διαφερειν, διαστῆναι, εξαλλάττειν), take a genitive ; also the adjectives and adverbs which indicate diversity, as διαφορος, διαφεροντως, αλλος, αλλοῖος, έτερος : e.g. οἱ πλουσιοι μεγα διαφέρουσι των πενήτων With the verbs to lay hold of, seize, hold (apßavev, aipeiv, EXEV, aye), the part touched, as being that with which the seizure begins, is put in the genitive; as τῆς χειρος τον παιδα αγειν to lead the boy by the hand. The genitive of origin, or the genitive properly so called, denotes not only the author or source and the material of which a thing consists, but in a restricted manner the object also from the consideration of which our opinion or judgment is given. This use, then, may be divided into the proper and the improper. The proper use of the genitive of origin is found in the assigning of the author or originator (in Latin, genitivus auctoris) both with substantives and with the verbs elvai and puvai. The proper use of this genitive is seen also when it πανταχοῦ τῆς γῆς ἑυρησεις αγαθους τε και πονηρους everywhere in the world you will find both good men gives the substance or material (genitivus materia) of which a and bad. After a similar manner is the genitive employed after demonstrative pronouns and adjectives in the neuter gender, to signify the extent or degree of a quality; e.g. εις τουτ' ἦλθεν ύβρεως he went to such a pitch of insult. Determinations of time may be put in the genitive. Properly, such determinations are those which indicate a continuance; in which cases the genitive may have arisen by the omission of the preposition δια ; as νυκτος (that is, δια νυκτος), by night. But an object which extends may be regarded as simply a point, as in our phrase "by night,” that is, through the night, all night long. Accordingly the genitive may be used to denote a point of time. When length of time and continuance are specially indicated, a preposition should be employed, as in English, "during winter," ," "throughout the into the genitive of fulness, or the genitive required after verbs By an easy transition, the genitive of the material passes and adjectives which denote abundance or want; such as πιμπλάναι, πληροῦν, γεμειν, πλουτεῖν, ευπορεῖν, μεστος, πλεος, πλήρης, πλουσιος, ευπόρος, κενοῦν, ερημοῦν, σπανίζειν, απο ρειν, ελλείπειν, δεῖσθαι, δεῖ, κενος, ερημος, άπορος, ορφανος, etc. Hence the price, or equivalent of a thing, is put in the genitive (genitivus pretiï): e.g. Νικιας λεγεται δοῦλον πρίασθαι ταλαντού Nicias is said to have bought a slave for a talent. etc. The improper use of the genetic genitive, or genitive of origin, is found in connexion with the comparative, for the compared object is regarded as the point from the consideration of which arises an attribute or predicate which appears in the comparative degree; the compared object, in consequence, is put in the genitive case. This use of the genitive has already been illustrated and exemplified. Occasionally a preposition is prefixed to the compared object, such as αντι oι προ: 0.9. αἱρετώτερος εστιν ὁ καλος θάνατος αντι του αισχρου βίου an honourable death is preferable to a base life. As with the comparative, so with words which imply comparison & genitive is used. Such words are those which contain a comparative word in their composition: e.g. ύστερίζειν (ύστερος), πλεονεκτεῖν, μειονεκτεῖν, μειοῦσθαι, ελαττούσθαι. Such words are also those in the meaning of which a comparison is involved; as διαφέρειν, ὑποφέρειν, προφέρειν, περιεῖναι, προέχειν, ὑπερεχειν, ὑπερβαλλειν, to excel, to surpass ; λειπεσθαι, απολείπεσθαι, ελαττοῦσθαι, ἡττᾶσθαι, νικᾶσθαι, to be surpassed, to be inferior to ; again, περιγιγνεσθαι, κρατεῖν, επικρατεῖν, to overcome; also, προαιρεῖσθαι, αἱρεῖσθαι, προτιμᾶν, προκρίνειν, το prefer; once more, εγκρατης (ακρατης), κυριος εἶναι, τo be master of; and the like. The causal genitive, strictly so regarded, denotes the object which is set forth as the occasion of a condition or result. The occasion may be an object of sense, as with οσφραι νεσθαι, to smell; so with οζειν, πνεῖν, and προσβαλλειν, which last word means to throw (that is, your desire) towards, to reach after ; also with verbs of hearing, as ακουειν, ακροᾶσθαι, the person is constantly in the genitive. The verb ὑπακουειν, to listen to, that is, to obey, and the adjective of the same formation, namely, ύπήκοος, obedient, take indifferently either the genitive or the dative; whilst with ανηκουστεῖν, to be disobedient, the genitive is the more common. μνη The causal genitive appears further in cases were the occasion of mental or moral influence is expressed; as with μονεύειν, μεμνῆσθαι, to call to mind, to remember ; αναμιμνησ κειν, ὑπομιμνησκειν, to remind, to put in mind; επιλανθανεσθαι, αμνημονεῖν, to forget, which, however, have the thing in the accusative; also, verbs expressive of care, desire, endeavour, disregard, etc., as φροντίζειν, to care for ; μέλει μοι, I am concerned for ; επιμελεῖσθαι, to attend to ; εντρέπεσθαι, το turn toward, to strive for; επιθυμεῖν, εφιεσθαι, ορέγεσθαι, το desire ; ερᾶν, to love, that is, to be desirous of ; πεινῆν, το hunger after ; διψήν, to thirst for ; αμέλειν, to neglect, ολιγω ρειν, to think little of, καταφρονειν, το look down on, to despise; καταγελᾶν, to laugh at; together with the corre• sponding adjectives, επιμελης, αμελης, ολιγωρος, etc. : e.g. ἑαυτοῦ κήδεται ὁ προνοῶν αδελφοῦ he who cares for his brother cares for himself. The causal genitive, moreover, is found with verbs which denote an excitement or passion of the mind, as ζηλούν, to be envious of; ευδαιμονίζειν, to congratulate; φθονεῖν, to envy ; ελεεῖν, το pity; μνησικακεῖν, to be revengeful; μεταμελεσθαι (μεταμέλει μοι), το repent; which, with a dative of the person, take a genitive of the thing; the latter you may more easily construe with the aid of a preposition or a prepositional phrase, such as, on account of. Το the same class may be referred θαυμάζειν and αγᾶσθαι, to admire, wonder at; as θαυμάζειν τινα τινος, to admire a person for some quality; also αγαμαι του την προθυμίαν I admire thy ardeur. As with verbs of wondering, so with exclamations is the genitive found : e.g. οιμοι των εμων κακών ! alas! my misfortunes. With verbs signifying to accuse, αιτιᾶσθαι ; to sue at law, ειςάγειν, διώκειν, γράφεσθαι ; to be sued or put on trial, φεύγειν; to condemn, δικάζειν, κρινειν; to convict, ἑλεῖν; to be con victed, ἁλῶναι, οφλεῖν; to acquit, αφιέναι, απολύειν; to punish, τιμωρεῖσθαι, the charge is in the genitive ; so with the adjectives αιτιος, ὑπαιτιος, ένοχος, to be liable to the charge, to be under the imputation, to be accused of, the genitive of the alleged crime is employed: e.g. Μέλητος Σωκρατη ασέβειας εγραψατο Also the punishment is put in the genitive: e.g. The causal genitive is used also with adjectives and adverbs which assign the general condition of the subject in virtue of Such a which the subject and the predicate are united. genitive is found with the adjectives ευδαιμων, ολβιος, μακαριος, happy, ανολβιος, σχέτλιος, τλημων, unhappy; and with the adverbs εὖ, κακῶς, καλῶς, μετρίως, όντως, ὡς, πῶς, etc., e.g. ευδαίμων μοι ανηρ εφαίνετο και του τρόπου και των λόγων the man appears to me happy in both disposition and words. This genitive is, moreover, found with adjectives signifying experienced, inexperienced, aware of, ignorant of, skilled or unskilled in ; as έμπειρος, απειρος ; ιδιωτης ; γνωμων, επιστη μων, ανεπιστημων, ευμαθής, αμαθής, φιλομαθης, fond of learning, οψιμαθης, learning late (in life), etc. : e.g. ὁ γραμμάτων απειρος ου βλεπει βλεπων he who is ignorant of learning, seeing sees not. The genitive is also employed to denote the object after verbs compounded with prepositions which govern the genitive; such as κατα, as καταγιγνώσκειν, καταδικάζειν, κατα κρινειν, to condemn, to cast in a law-suit, to find guilty; also when the compound expresses a disadvantageous opinion or judgment, as καταψηφίζεσθαι, to vote against, κατηγορεῖν, το charge with, the person is put in the genitive, the thing in the accusative: e.g. πολλην ἡμῶν κατεγνωκασιν ανανδριαν they have condemned us of great cowardice. The verbs which are compounded of aro and ε, and which denote separation and distance; also those which are com pounded of ύπερ and προ, and which signify superiority, require the genitive of the object from which the separation, etc., takes place : e.g. πολλοις ἡ γλῶττα προτρέχει τῆς διάνοιας EXERCISES.-GREEK-ENGLISH. Πλήθος στρατιωτων παρην. Σοι εστι πολυς αριθμος λίθων. Σταγονες ύδατος κοιλαίνουσι πετρας. Αφικνοῦνται νεανίσκοι τῶν ἱππεων. Αρχίας των Ηρακλειδων παρεστιν. Σωκρατης ην των αμφι Μιλητον στρατευομένων. Οἱ αν εν τοις ανδρασι διαγενωνται ανεπίληπτοι, οὗτοι των γεραιτερων γιγνονται. Σολων τῶν ἑπτα σοφιστῶν εκληθη. θνητων μεν ουδείς εστιν ευδαιμων ανηρ. Των εχθρῶν πολλοι μεν όπλων εστέρηνται, πολλοι δε ίππων. Των πολεμίων οἱ μεν απώλοντο, οἱ δε διέφυ γον. Απέθανον εν τη μαχῇ τῶν μὲν ὁπλιτων διακόσιοι, τῶν δὲ ἱππεων πεντηκοντα. Ολιγοι των ανθρωπων φρονοῦσι. Ολιγοι ανθρωποι φρονοῦσι. Τις ανδρων ην ὁ τολμησας τάδε; Τῶν αγαθῶν, ὁ μυρια ην μοι, περιεστιν ουδεν. Των ανδρων τοῖς καλοῖς καγαθοῖς αἱρετώτερον εστι θάνειν η δουλευειν. Αισχρον The τους μεν γράφεις απεικάζειν τα καλα των ζωων, τους δε παίδας her mother's love. They envy you your happiness. μη μιμεῖσθαι τους σπουδαίους των γονέων. Κτηματων παντων good are concerned for virtue. He repents of his folly. The τιμιωτατον εστιν ανηρ φιλος συνετός τε και εύνους. Ἡ φιλια young men have gone to that pitch of daring. They pro ceeded by night. We sailed three years. μέγιστον αγαθον και ήδιστον ανθρωποις εστιν. Οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι We consider the property of our friends our own. They are of good lineage. δυναμιν εἶχον μεγιστην των Ελληνων. Παντων των δεινων ὁ They accuse me of treachery. The man has been condemned φοβος μαλιστα καταπλήττει τας ψυχάς. Λακεδαιμων επι πολυν | to death. They took the woman by the hair. He gave me χρονον επρώτευσε τῆς ̔Ελλαδος. Αλκιβιάδης τῶν ἡλικιωτῶν some bread. The Athenians made Sicily their own. You εκρατιστευσεν. Πολυκράτης Σαμου ετυραννει. Παντων δεσ have obtained a mortal body, but an immortal soul. The ποζειν αξιοῖ ὁ τυραννος. general ravaged the land. Do you enjoy pleasures moderately? Λαχης ὁπλιτῶν καὶ ἱππεων εστρατηγει. Λακεδαιμονιοι Πελοποννησου τῆς ξυμπασης ἡγοῦνται και τῶν εξω ξυμμαχων πολλῶν. Ο άνθρωπος μετέχει της θείας φυσεως. Επειδη θνητου σώματος ετυχες, αθανατου δε ψυχης LESSONS IN ITALIAN GRAMMAR.NO. XLVIII. πειρῶ της ψυχῆς αθανατον μνημην καταλιπεῖν. Συν τοις θεοις αρχεσθαι χρη παντος έργου. Η εν Μαραθῶνι γενομενη μαχη της σωτηρίας ήρξε τοῖς Ἕλλησιν. Παντος μαθηματος γενεσθαι χρη. THE PREPOSITION. Tus Preposition is a word placed before the nouns and pronouns which it governs, and before some verbs, to connect words one with another, and to show the relation between them. to. Denoting the Cause and Means. Prepositions. means of, for, on condi- Examples. Attéso il cattivo tempo, or per cagione del cattivo tempo, on account of the bad weather. mediante la vóstra grázia, by means of your favour. Da, dal, per via, per, by, E' stata ferita da una saetta through. óro, she has been wounded Tutto fu creato dálla paróla di Andáre a Napoli per Róma, or Οἱ πολέμιοι ετεμον τῆς γης. Μετρίως απολαυε τῶν ἡδονῶν. Οἱ κινδυνοι τῶν εφεστηκότων ιδιοι. Ιερος εστιν ὁ χῶρος τῆς Αρτεμιδος, Τα των φίλων εμαυτοῦ εἶναι νομίζω. Αλκιβιαδου εστιν ὁ κυων. Οἱ Πέρσαι την Ασίαν ἑαυτων ποι ούνται. Τῆς αὐτῆς γνωμης ειμι. Ου των αυτών ουτε λόγων ούτε εργων εστιν ἡ νεότης τῳ γηρα. Πατρος μεν δη λεγεται ὁ Κυρος γενεσθαι Καμβύσου, μητρος δε· ὁμολογεῖται Μανδάνης γενεσθαι. Θουκυδίδης οικίας μεγάλης ην. Κακουργου μεν εστι | Attéso, per cagione, considerκριθεντ' αποθανεῖν, στρατηγοῦ δε μαχομενον τοις πολεμίοις, ing, on account of, owing Οἱ Αθηναῖοι επι μεγα εχωρησαν δυναμεως. Οἱ πολέμιοι απεχωρησαν της νυκτος. Η οικια χειμῶνος μεν ευήλιος εστω, του δε θέρους ευσκιος. Ουδείς με ηρώτηκε καινον ουδεν πολλῶν ἐτῶν. Per mezzo, mediante, by, by Per mezzo della vostra grazia, or Ημερας γεγενημενης, προσῆλθον οἱ πολέμιοι. Κυρου βασιλευοντος, πολλα τε και καλα εργα ύπο των Περσών επραχθη. Απεχει ή Πυλος τῆς Σπάρτης σταδίους τετρακοσίους. Τυραννων ηλευθερωθησαν οι Αθηναῖοι. Λῦσον με δεσμῶν. Πολυ μείζον με αγαθον εργασει αμαθιας παυσας την ψυχήν η νοσου το σῶμα. Αγησίλαος μεθης αποσχεσθαι φετο χρῆναι. Παντων των αγαθών εστερημεθα. Οἱ Γερμανοι μικρον εξαλλάττουσι του Κελτικου φυλου. Έτερον το ήδυ τοῦ αγαθου. Τα αγαλματα η χαλκου πεποιηται η λιθου η χρυσού. Η κρηπις λιθων εστι μεγάλων. Ὁ Μαρσύας ποταμος το εύρος εικοσι και πέντε εστι ποδων. Ὁ παις δέκα εστιν ετών. Δακρύων εμπίπλανται μου οἱ οφθαλμοι. Ὁ μηδεν αδικῶν ουδενος δεῖται νομου. Πολλης ευλάβειας δεῖ. Ειρηνης και ευφροσυνης παντα πλεα ην. Χρημάτων μεν ευποροῦμεν, λογων δε αποροῦμεν. Οἱ Θρᾷκες | Verso, to, towards. ωνοῦνται τας γυναῖκας παρα των γονεων χρημάτων πολλων. Των πονων πωλοῦσιν ἡμῖν παντα ταγαθ' οἱ Θεοι. εργάζονται οἱ δημιουργοί. Οι αριστεύσαντες τιμῶν αξιοῦνται Circa, about, και δώρων. Επιδεικνύτω τις τοις αρχομενοις ἑαυτον αξιον αρχής. Μητε παῖδας περι πλείονος ποιου, μητε το ζῆν μητε αλλο μηδεν προ τοῦ δικαίου. Σωκράτης παντων ανθρωπων διήνεγκε σοφια. Οι Ελληνες εκράτησαν των βαρβαρων. Και θεους ακουω ερωτος ήττασθαι. Οἱ τυραννοι τῇ ευφροσυνη μειο- Contro or contra, against. νεκτοῦσι των ιδιωτῶν. Σωφρονος εστιν εγκρατῆ εἶναι επιθυμιῶν πασων. Ούτε αυτός τοῦτο πωποτε Σωκράτους ήκουσα, ούτε αλλού φάσκοντος ακηκοέναι ᾔσθόμην. Των απόντων φίλων μεμνησο. Των νουθετικῶν λόγων ῥαδίως επιλανθάνονται οἱ νεοι. Θεοῦ φρόνησις άμα παντων επιμελεῖται. Ου μεγαλων δεῖ επιθυμεῖν παρα το δικαιον. Επιμελεις σμικρῶν εἰσιν οἱ θεοι ουχ ἧττον η τῶν μεγέθει διαφεροντων. Ζηλω σε τοῦ πλουτου. Της αρχῆς ου φθονουσι τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν. Τοις Λεσβίοις μνησικα Μισθου | Per, for. Η τοῦ touching. Denoting the Object. Caritatévole verso i poveri, cha ritable to the poor. Párlo per vói, I speak for you. concerning, Circa a quest' affure, concern ing that affair. Denoting Opposition. Malgrádo, in spite of. κοῦμεν τῆς αποστάσεως. Φεῦ του ανδρος ! Ω Ζευ βασιλεύ, της Avanti or prima, before. τρόπου. Ὡς ταχους έχει εκαστος. Ω σχετλία συ των αμετρη- Dopo, after. Chi può andar cóntro, or cóntra la, or della fortuna ? who can go against fortune? Malgrádo mío, in spite of me. E' partito nonostante il pericolo, he is gone, notwithstanding the danger. |