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$1.56 a gallon; a barrel of flour, for $8.00; and 3 barrels of cider, at $3.50 a barrel. How much did the whole amount to ?

Interest is a reward allowed by a debtor to a creditor for the use of money. It is reckoned by the hundred, hence the rate is called so much per cent. or per centum. Per centum is Latin, signifying by the hundred. 6 per cent. signifies 6 dollars on a hundred dollars, 6 cents on a hundred cents, £6 on £100, &c. so 5 per cent. signifies 5 dollars on 100 dollars, &c. Insurance, commission, and premiums of every kind are reckoned in this way. Discount is so much per cent. to be taken out of the principal.

43. If 1 dollar gain 6 cents interest a year, how much will 13 dollars gain in the same time?

44. What is the interest of $43.00 for 1 year at 6 per cent. ?

45. What is the interest of $157.00 for 1 year at 5 per cent. ?

46. What is the interest of $1.00 for 2 years at 6 per cent. ? What for 5 years ?

47. What is the interest of $247.00 for 3 years at 7 per cent ?

48. How much must I give for insuring a ship and cargo worth $150,000.00 at 2 per cent. ?

49. Imported some books from England, for which I paid $150.00 there. The duties in Boston were 15 per cent., the freight $5.00. What did the books cost me?

50. What must I receive for a note of $275.00 that has been due 3 years, interest at 6 per cent. ?

51. A man failing in trade, is able to pay only $0.68 on a dollar; how much can he pay on a debt of $5 dollars? How much on a debt of 20 dollars?

52. A man failing in trade, is able to pay only $0.73 on a dollar; how much will he pay on a debt of $47.00? How much on a debt of $123.00? How much on a debt of $2,500.00?

53. A merchant bought a quantity of goods for 243 dollars, and sold them so as to gain 15 per cent.; how much did he gain, and how much did he sell them for?

54. A merchant bought a quantity of goods for $843.00; how much must he sell them for to gain 23 per cent. ?

SUBTRACTION.

VIII. 1.* David had nine peaches, and gave four of them to George; how many had he left?

2. A man having 15 dollars, lost 9 of them; how many had he left?

3. David and William counted their apples; David had 35, and William had 17 less; how many had William?

4. A man owing 48 dollars, paid 29; how many did he then owe?

5. A man owing 48 dollars, paid all but 19; how many did he pay?

6. A man owing a sum of money, paid 29 dollars, and then he owed 19; how many did he owe at first?

7. A man being asked how old he was when he was married, answered, that his present age was sixty-four years, and that he had been married 37 years; what was his age when he was married?

8. A man being asked how long he had been married, answered, that his present age was sixty-four years, and that he was twenty-seven years old when he was married; how long had he been married?

9. A man being asked his age, answered, that he was 27 years old when he was married, and that he had been married 37 years. What was his age ?

10. A man bought a piece of cloth containing 93 yards, and sold 45 yards of it; how many yards had he left?

11. A merchant bought a piece of cloth for one hundred and fifteen dollars, and sold it again for one hundred and thirty-eight dollars. How much did he gain by the bargain?

12. A merchant sold a piece of cloth for 138 dollars, which was 23 dollars more than he gave for it; how much did he give for it?

13. A merchant bought a piece of cloth for 115 dollars, and sold it so as to lose 23 dollars. How much did he sell it for?

14. A man bought a quantity of wine for 753 dollars, but not being so good as he expected, he was willing to lose 87 dollars in the sale of it; how much did he sell it for?

15. A man owing two thousand, six hundred, and forty

* See First Lessons, sect. 1.

three dollars, paid at several times as follows; at one time two hundred and seventy-five dollars; at another fifty-eight dollars; at another seven dollars; and at another one thousand and sixty-seven dollars; how much did he then owe?

16. From Boston to Providence it is 41 miles, and from Boston to Attleborough (which is upon the road from Boston to Providence) it is 28 miles; how far is it from Attleborough to Providence?

17. From Boston to New York it is 250 miles; suppose a man to have set out from Boston for New York, and to have travelled 14 hours, at the rate of five miles in an hour; how much farther has he to travel?

18. General Washington was born A. D. 1732, and died in 1799; how old was he when he died?

19. Dr. Franklin died A. D. 1790, and was 84 years old when he died; in what year was he born?

20. A gentleman gave 853 dollars for a carriage and two horses; the carriage alone was valued at 387 dollars; what was the value of the horses? How much more were the

horses worth than the carriage?

21. A man died leaving an estate of eight thousand, four hundred, and twenty-three dollars; which he bequeathed as follows; two thousand, three hundred dollars to each of his two daughters, and the rest to his son; what was the son's share?

22. A gentleman bought a house for sixteen thousand, and twenty-eight dollars; a carriage for three hundred and eight dollars, and a span of horses for five hundred and eighty-three dollars. He paid as follows; at one time ninety-seven dollars; at another, one thousand, and eight dollars; and at a third, four thousand, two hundred, and six dollars. How much did he then owe?

23. In Boston, by the census of 1820, there were 43,278 inhabitants; in New York, 123,706. How many more inhabitants were there in New York than in Boston?

24. In Boston, by the census of 1810, the number of inhabitants was 33,250; and in 1820 it was 43,278. What was the increase for 10 years?

25. A merchant bought 2 pipes of brandy for 642 dollars and retailed it at 3 dollars a galion. How much did he gain? 26. A man bought 359 kegs of tobacco, at 9 dollars a keg; 654 barrels of beef, at 8 dollars a barrel; 9 lags of coffee, at 29 dollars a bag In exchange he gave 3 hhds.

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of brandy, at 2 dollars a gallon; 473 cwt. of sugar, at 8 dolHow much did he then owe?

lars per cwt.

27. A man bought 7 lb. of sugar, at $0.125 per lb. ; 4 gals. of molasses, at 0.375 per gall.; 5 lb. of raisins, at $0.14 per lb.; I bbl. of flour, for $6.00. He paid a ten dollar bill; how much change ought he to receive back?

28. Two merchants, A and B, traded as follows; A sold B 24 pipes of wine, at $1.87 per gal.; and B sold A 32 hhds. of molasses, at $47.00 per hhd. The balance was paid in money; how much money was paid, and which re ceived it?

29. A merchant sold 35 barrels of flour, at 7 dollars per barrel; but for ready money he made 10 per cent. discount. How much did the flour come to after the discount was made?

30. A merchant bought 15 hhds. of wine, at $2.00 per gallon; but not finding so ready a sale as he wished, he was obliged to sell it so as to lose 8 per cent. on the cost. How much did he lose, and how much did he sell the whole for?

31. Suppose a gentleman's income is $1,836.00 a year, and he spends $3.27 a day, one day with another; how much will he spend in the year? How much of his income will he save?

32. What is the difference between 487,069 and 24,703 ? 33. How much larger is 380 064 than 87,065 ? 34. How much smaller is 8.756 than 37,005,078 ? 35. How much must you add to 7,643 to make 16,497 ? 36. How much must you subtract from 2,483 to leave 527 ?

37. If you divide 3,880 dollars between two men, giving one 1,907 dollars, how much will you give the other? 38. Subtract 38,506 from 90,000.

39. Subtract 20,076 from 180,003.

40. A man having 1,000 dollers, gave away one dollar; how many dollars had he left?

41. A man having $1,000.00, lost seventeen cents, how much had he left?

42. What is the difference between 13 and 800,060 ? 43. What is the difference between 160,000 and 70? 44. How much must you add to 123 to make 10,000 ? 45. A man's income is $2,733.43 a year, and he spends $1,897.57; how much does he save?

46. Subtract 93 from 80,640.

47. A merchant shipped molasses to the amount of $15,000.00, but during a storm the master was obliged to throw overboard to the amount of $853.42; what was the value of the remaining part?

48. A man bought goods to the amount of $1,153.00, at 6 months' credit, but preferring to pay ready money, a discount was made of $35.47. What did he pay for the goods? 49. Subtract one cent from a thousand dollars.

DIVISION.

IX. 1. How many oranges, at 6 cents apicce, can you buy for 36 cents?

2. How many barrels of cider, at 3 dollars a barrel, can be bought for 27 dollars?

3. How many bushels of apples, at 4 shillings a bushel, can you buy for 56 shillings?

4. How many barrels of flour, at 7 dollars a barrel, can you buy for 98 dollars?

5. How many dollars are there in 96 shillings?

ENGLISH MONEY.

4 farthings (qr.) make 1 penny, marked d.

12 pence

20 shillings
21 shillings

1 shilling

1 pound

1 guinea.

S.

£

This money was used in this country until A. D. 1786, when, by an act of Congress, the present system, which is called Federal Money, was adopted. Some of these denominations, however, are still used in this country, as the shilling and the penny, but they are different in value from the English. In English money 4s. 6d. is equal in value to the Spanish and American dollar. But a dollar is called six shillings in New England; eight shillings in New York; and 7s. 6d. in New Jersey. The English guinea is equal to 28s. in New England currency. The dollar will be considered 6s. in this book, unless notice is given of a different value.

6. How many pence are there in 84 farthings?

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