Reduction, a rule by which money, weights, and measures are changed from one denomination to another. Remainder, see difference. Resolution, a method by which the truth or falsehood of a proposition is discovered. Root, a number which being multiplied into itself a certain number of times will produce the given number, as the cube root of 8 is 2, and the square root 4. Rule, a certain maxim to be observed in any art or science, or principle to go by. Rule of Three, or Proportion, teaches by means of three numbers to find a fourth. Stock exchange, the place where stock is bought and sold. Submultiple, a number contained in another a certain number of times exactly, as 2, 3, 4, or 6 in 12. Subtraction, the second primary rule in arithmetic, by which a less sum is taken from a greater. Subtrahend, the number to be subtracted. Superficies, a magnitude bounded by lines. Surd, a number that is incommensurable, as the square root of 2 Suttle, what remains after one or two allowances are deducted. T. Tare, is an allowance to the buyer for the weight of the box, barrel, bag, &c. which contains the goods bought. Tret is an allowance of 4 lb. in every 104 lb. for waste, dust, &c. Theory, a doctrine which confines itself to the speculative parts of a subject, without regard to its practice or application. U. V. Z. Unit, or unity, a figure expressing the least whole number, 1. Unity is that by which every thing in nature is called one. Usury, taking more interest for money than is allowed by law. V. for vide, consult, see. 20 25 amount of years, 5223 27 Ans. 95 dols. [first take 15 from 300 dols. 26 Ans. A. 46 dols.; B. 92; C. 368 [11 shares. 28 Ans. A. 30; B. 33; C. 37 | find 10 and subt. it from 100 dols. 29 Ans. 2d 150 dols.; 1st 200; 3d 250 [4 shares. 30 Ans. A. 317; B. 951; C. 1268; D. 2219 [15 shares. 31 Ans. har. 40 dols.; hor. 80; ch 240 [9 shares. 18 Ans. sug. 34 lbs.; coffee 220 lbs.; tea 102 lbs. ; pep. 4 lbs. ; mace 1 oz.; rice 31 lbs. ; oil 12 gals. A series of forms of notes, receipts, &c.—exhibiting a species of know ledge which should be familiar to every man in community. 1. PROMISSORY NOTES. 1. Form of a Note on demand. $100:00 For value received, I promise to pay A. B., or order, ons hundred dollars, on demand, with interest. Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833. 2. Form of a Note on time. P. One day after date, for value received, I promise to pay A. B. or bearer, at my store in Hartford, one hundred dollars, with interest. Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833. 3. Form of a Note on settlement of Account. P. $100:00 This day reckoned and settled book accounts with A. B., and found due to him a balance of one hundred dollars, which I hereby promise to pay to him or his order, in sixty days from date, with interest. Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833. P. 4. Promissory Note on time. $100:00 Ninety days after date, for value received, I promise to pay to the order of A. B., at the bank of Hartford, one hundred dollars. Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833. 5. A joint and several Note by three persons. P. $100:00 For value received, we jointly and severally promise to pay to the order of A. B., at the bank of Hartford, four months after date, one hundred dollars. Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833. 6. Note of hand for a specific article. H. P. C.C D. D. Six months after date, I promise to pay A. B., at his store in Hartford, one hundred bushels of merchantable wheat, at ninety-five cents a bushel. Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833. 100 bushels of wheat. 2. RECEIPTS. 1. Receipt for money on Account. P. Received, Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833, of A. B., the sum of one hundred dollars, to apply on account. P. $100:00 2. A receipt in full. Received, Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833, of A. B., the sum of one dollar, in full of all demands to this date. P. 81:00 3. A partial payment on a note or bond. $50:00 Received, Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833, of A. B., fifty dollars in part payment of the within obligation. 4. Receipt for interest on a bond. P. $50:00 Received, Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833, of A. B., fifty dollars in ull for one years' interest, due the first inst. on his bond, upon which the same is this day indorsed. P. 5. A receipt for the payment of a lost obligation. $100:00 Received, Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833, of A. B., one hundred dollars in full for his note of the same amount, dated Hartford, at two months, payable to the order of C. D., and by him indorsed, which note appears now to be mislaid or lost. And I hereby obligate and bind myself to save harmless the said A. B., and C. D., or either of them, from all costs and damages which they or either of them, may sustain in regard to said note. P. $100:00 3. ORDERS. 1. An order to pay money on sight. Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833. Sir-On sight hereof, pay to A. B., or his order, the sum of one hundred dollars, being for value received, and place the same to the account of Your obedient servant, C. D., Esq. P. 2. Order and Discharge of Debt. $100:00 Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833. Sir-Please pay to the order of A. B., the sum of one hun dred dollars, and that amount indorsed hereon, shall be your discharge in full of all demands, from C. D., Esq. Your obedient servant, P. 3. The form of a Check. $100:00 Cashier of the Bank of Hartford, Oct. 15, 1833. Pay A. B., or bearer, one hundred dollars. P. TABLES OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. TROY WEIGHT. 24 Grains (gr.) make 1 Penny-weight, pwt. 20 Penny-weights " 1 Ounce, 12 Ounces 66 1 Pound. oz. lb. By Troy weight are weighed gold, silver, jewels, and all liquors. The denominators are pounds, ounces, penny-weights, and grains. In a pound Troy, are 5760 grains, 240 penny-weights, 12 ounces. What is the use of Troy weight? The denominations? What do you carry by, in an example marked lb. oz. pwt. gr.? Place 24 over gr. 20 over out. 12 over oz. and nothing over lb. APOTHECARIES' WEIGHT. 20 Grains (gr.) make 1 Scruple, sc. 3 Scruples 8 Drams 12 Ounces 1 Dram, dr. Apothecaries' weight is used by apothecaries and physicians, in compounding medicine. The denominations are pounds, ounces, drams, scruples, and grains. In a pound are 5760 grains, 288 scruples, 96 drams, 12 ounces. What is the use of Apothecaries' weight? The denominations? What do you carry by in an example marked lb. oz. dr. sc. gr.? Place 20 over gr. 3 over sc. 8 over dr. 12 over oz., and nothing over lb. Cloth measure is used in selling cloths and other goods, sold by the yard, or ell. The denominations are ells, yards, quarters, and nails. In a yard are 16 na. 1 ell Flemish, 12 na. 1 ell English, 20 na. 1 ell French, 24. What is the use of Cloth measure? The denominations? What do you carry by in an example marked yds. qrs. na. ? Place 4 over na. 4 over grs. and nothing over yds. |