PROBLEMS-FUEL 169 Wood for fuel is usually cut into 4-foot lengths. A pile of this wood 8 ft. long and 4 ft. high is called a cord. I. The sides of a cord of 4-foot wood are what kind of figures? The ends are what kind of figures? The form is what kind of a prism? feet are there in a cord of wood? 2. How many cords of wood are there in a pile 32 ft. long and 4 ft. high? In a pile 32 ft. long and 2 ft. high? 3. How many cords of wood are there in a yard containing 12 rows 32 feet long and 4 feet high? 4. How many cords of wood are there in a pile 64 ft. long and 10 ft. high? 4-foot wood is usually cut at the wood-yard into 16-inch lengths for use in stoves. This is called stove wood. 5. How many stove lengths can be cut from 1 4-foot length? A pile of wood 8 ft. long, 4 ft. high, and one stove length thick is called a cord of stove wood. Wood is usually sold at the wood-yard in this form. Thus, if a dealer says maple wood is $2.50 a cord, he refers to stove wood. 6. How many cords of 16-inch stove wood can be cut from a cord of 4-foot wood? 7. How many cords of 4-foot wood are required to cut 75 cords of stove wood? 96 cords? 69 cords? 81 cords? 243 cords? 8. A dealer buys 4-foot wood at $4 a cord, and after cutting it into stove wood, sells it for $2.50 a cord; how much does he gain per cord on the 4-foot wood? 170 PROBLEMS-CARPETING, PAPERING 1. How many yards of carpetingyd. wide will be required to carpet the sitting-room as shown in the floor plan? The strips are to run lengthwise, and 8 in. to the strip is allowed for matching the pattern. It is not customary in selling carpet to cut strips lengthwise, but a fraction of a yard in length is sold. Shelves pantry Kitchen 11'x11'6" Dining Room جي pass Bed Room Sitting Room 15x12 6" 2. Find the number of yards of carpet required to carpet the above room if the strips run the other way. 3. How many yards of carpet 1 yard wide, that can be matched without waste, must be bought to carpet the bedroom if the strips run in the direction requiring the fewer yards? 4. A rug 9 ft. by 12 ft. is placed centrally in the diningroom, and filling at 3314 per yard is used to cover the rest of the floor. If the rug costs $18, what is the cost of covering the dining-room floor? Wall-paper is usually sold in rolls of 16 yd. each, the paper being 18 in. wide. Fractions of a roll are not sold. The number of strips that can be cut from a roll depends upon matching the pattern. In the bedroom of the above house the ceiling paper is to run the short way, 5 strips being cut from a roll. In the other rooms the paper is cut so as to use 3 sixteen-foot strips to the roll. 5. Find the cost of the paper for the ceilings of the bedroom, dining-room, and sitting-room at 40¢ a roll. 6. Taking the height of the rooms to be 9 ft., 5 strips can be cut from a roll. Allowing of the measured surface for doors, windows, baseboards, and frieze, find the cost of the paper for the three rooms, at 45¢ a roll. PERCENTAGE Percentage of Numbers 1. What part of 7 is 7? How many hundredths of 7 is 7? What percentage of 7 is 7? 2. How many per cent of itself is any number? 3. 12 is 6% of what number? 10. 25% of a number is what fractional part of it? Answer the same question for 50% of it; 75%; 10%; 60%; 40%; 80%; 331%; 66%; 35%; 85%; 15%; 121%; 371%; 621%; 871%; 16%; 831%; 84%; 6%; 5%; 4%. II. of a number is what percentage of it? Answer the same question for of it; ; ; 1; 1; 10; 12; 20; 25; 50; 1 1 5 3; 2; 7; ; ;. §; 4; 10; 12; 2; 11. ᄒᄒ. 1. 12. Which of the following percentages would be found more easily, if expressed as common fractions: 25% of 1,000; 40% of 1,000; 461% of 1,000; 121% of 888; 81% of 400? 172 PROBLEMS-NATURE STUDY 1. 10 lb. of apples were placed in an oven to dry. After drying they weighed 1 lb. 12 oz.; how many pounds of water evaporated from the apples? What part of the weight was lost in drying? 2. Potatoes contain 78% of water; how many pounds of water are there in a bushel of potatoes? (1 bu. of potatoes weighs 60 lb.) 3. Flour contains 121% of water; how much water is there in a barrel of flour? (1 bbl. of flour weighs 196 lb.) 4. Draw a line 8 in. long to represent the weight of a barrel of flour. Make one part heavier to represent the part that is water. 5. 8 oz. of dry corn were placed in water at a temperature of 60° and allowed to remain 18 hr. At the end of that time it weighed 10 oz.; what part of the soaked corn was water? Make a drawing to illustrate the result. 6. Assuming that a bushel of dry corn weighs 56 lb. and that 1 lb. of water equals 1 pt., how much water would a bushel of dry corn absorb under the conditions stated in Exercise 5? 7. Walter took a 3-lb. sample of soil from a forest and dried it. Afterward it weighed 2 lb. 4 oz.; what part of the soil was water? What percentage? 1 cu. ft. of the soil weighed 72 lb.; how many pounds of water did it contain? 8. Suppose the roots of forest-trees to extend to an average depth of 5 ft. According to Exercise 7, how much water would there be about the roots of a grove 4 rd. long and 20 rd. wide? Express the result in pounds, also in cubic feet. (1 cu. ft. of water weighs 621⁄2 lb.) 9. A grown person should drink about 2 quarts of water a day. A ship with 1,600 persons aboard (passengers and crew) carries a supply of fresh water for a voyage of 78 days; how many cu. ft. of tank space are needed? (1 pt. weighs 1 lb.) PROBLEMS-FOOD VALUES 173 1. Fresh beef furnishes on the average 15.5% of protein, the chief tissue-building element of all foods; how many ounces of protein are there in 300 oz. of fresh beef? 2. Green corn furnishes on the average 3.1% by weight of protein; how many ounces of protein are there in 200 oz. of green corn? 3. 13.1% of eggs are protein. How many ounces of protein are there in 200 ounces of eggs? The following table shows the average relative amounts of waste, water, protein, fat, and heat units derived from various staple foods: 4. According to the above table, how many units of heat are supplied by the fuel in 1 lb. of fresh beef? How many units are there in 5 lb.? Make and solve 10 other problems. |