(2) Add together 2095 hours, 07 days, and 05 week, and express the sum as the decimal of 365*25 days. (3) Find the value of 03125 of £20+729 of 6s. 2d. +729 of £2 1s. 3d. (4) Add 275 of a bushel to 725 of a quarter, and find the value at 6s. 8d. per bushel. (5) A man's weekly wages are £2 1 fl. 2c. 5 m., on which he pays an income-tax of 5 cents in the pound; find his net yearly income, and express the result in pounds, shillings, and pence. (6) If I ounce cost 4583s., what is the value of 0015625 of a ton? (7) If a rupee be worth 2s. 4d., what decimal is it of 9s. 4d.? Express £6944 in rupees and decimal parts of a rupee. (8) A bankrupt's effects were worth £4265, and his estate paid three dividends of 2 fl. 5 c., 1 fl. I C. 8 m., and 2 fl. 9 m. in the pound respectively; what was the whole loss sustained by his creditors? (9) Find by decimals the cost of :-(1) 753 yds. at £1 13s. 2 d. per yd. ; (2) 9 cwt. 2 qrs. 24 lbs. at £5 12s. 6d. per cwt. (10) From a rod 143 ins. long portions are cut ́off each equal to 0023 of an inch long; find how many such portions can be cut off, and what will be the length of the remainder? CHAPTER XII. THE METRIC SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 158. The metric system of weights and measures, which was first introduced by the French towards A the close of the last century, has now been adopted by most of the Continental states of Europe. It is not yet introduced into England, though its permissive use was legalised by an Act of Parliament passed in 1864, but it is not unlikely that further action will ere long be taken by the Legislature, with a view to its complete adoption. 159. This system takes its name from the metre, or unit of length, which is the ten-millionth part of the distance from the pole to the equator, and from which all the other measures and weights are derived. 160. The several denominations of the metric weights and measures are connected by a uniform decimal scale, the tens, hundreds, thousands, and ten-thousands of the scale being denoted by the Greek words deka, hecto, kilo, myria; whilst the tenths, hundredths, and thousandths are denoted by the Latin words deci, centi, milli. 161. These Greek and Latin numerals are called prefixes, being prefixed or placed before the principal units of the several weights and measures, to express their multiples and divisors. 162. The following is a table of the metric prefixes, with their equivalent decimal values : Whence it appears that any number expressed in the common or Arabic notation may be converted into the metric notation by substituting the metric prefixes for their corresponding English equivalents. NOTATION AND NUMERATION. Example 1.-Express with metric prefixes 3407. 3407 = 3 kilos 4 hectos and 7 units. Example 2.-Express 35028.507 with metric prefixes. 35028.507=3 myrias 5 kilos 2 dekas 8 units 5 decies and 7 millies. Example 3.-Express " 5 myrias 7 hectos 9 dekas 8 units" in the Arabic notation. 5 myrias o kilos 7 hectos 9 dekas 8 units = 50798. Example 4.-Express "7 myrias 8 dekas 4 centies" in Arabic figures. 7 myrias o kilos o hectos 8 dekas o units o decies 4 centies = 70080*04. 163. The following abbreviations are recommended : Express with metric prefixes A. (1) 97; (2) 863; (3) 408; (4) 6473; (5) 8046; (6) 7008; (7) 8604; (8) 53063; (9) 17080; (10) 58006. B. (1) 38; (2) 008; (3) '574; (4) 609; (5) 048; (6) 379; (7) 4'586; (8) 23057; (9) 607 004; (10) 30065. C. (1) 46'008; (2) 3806009; (3) 5008 084; (4) 3700'005; (5) 20080-406; (6) 800076; (7) 10100001; (8) 67508 507; (9) 9700804; (10) 10000 IOI. Express in Arabic figures— D. (1) 7 h. 8 dk. 9 units; (2) 9 h. 6 units; (3) 6 k. 5 h. 9 dk. 3 units; (4) 5 my. 7 h. 8 units; (5) 23 my. 5 k. 6 h. 9 dk.; (6) 50 my. 7 k. 8 units; (7) 8 k. 4 dk. 6 units 3 dc. 7 m.; (8) 2 dc. 5 c. 7 m.; (9) 30 my. 6 h. 7 dc.; (10) 4 my. 7 dk. 6 m. REDUCTION. 164. The multipliers and divisors of the metric system being 10, 100, 1000, &c., metric reduction is effected by moving the decimal point as many places to the right or left as there are denominations from the given unit to the required unit. Thus 486.5939 hectos = 4.865939 myrias Reduce Examples. (1) 385 406 hectos to myrias and centies. = = 3854060 centies. (2) 473 086 dekas to kilos and decies. = 47308.6 decies. (3) 4 h. 3 dk. 5 units to decies and dekas. 4 h. 3 dk. 5 units = 435 units = = 4350 decies = 43'5 dekas. (4) 3 my. 5 h. 9 dk. to kilos and centies. =3059 dekas = 30:59 kilos = 3059000 centies METRIC TABLES. 165. The following abbreviations of the units, &c., are recommended :— m = metre a = are (pronounced like the letter r) g=gram S=square; C = cubic. Lineal Measure. 166. The unit of length is called a Metre, and is equal to 39°3708 inches. 10 millimetrés (mm.) = 1 centimetre (cm.) 10 decimetres = 1 metre (m.) 10 metres = 1 dekametre (dkm.) 167. The unit of surface or area is called an Are. It is a square dekametre, and is equal to 119.6033 square yards. 10 centiares (ca.) = 1 deciare (dca.) 10 deciares = 1 Are (a.) 10 ares = 1 dekare (dka.) 10 dekares = 1 hectare (ha.) Solid Measure. 168. The unit of solidity is a cubic metre, and |