5. What occurs when the metals zinc, iron, and magnesium are respectively brought into contact with solutions of the following salts :-Silver sulphate, lead nitrate, cupric chloride, and zinc sulphate? 6. What is cassiterite, and how can the metal which it contains be extracted? 7. Spent copper pyrites is mixed with common salt and the mixture heated in a current of air; the residuum is then extracted with water. How is the copper obtained from the solution? 8. Describe a process for the extraction of silver from argentiferous lead. ARCHITECTURE (PRACTICAL). The Board of Examiners. 1. Sketch on the plan of warehouse marked A the spacing and arrangement of columns and girders you would adopt for supporting the floors, and calculate the sizes for footings of columns and walls, assuming the bottom to be medium clay, and the following weights of walls, floors, and roofs:-Walls, 1 cwt. per foot super. for each brick in thickness. Roofs, cwt. per foot super., measured horizontally. Each floor 10 cwt. per foot super. gross (including loading and floors and columns and girders). Girders to be assumed as discontinuous, and roofs to be supported on walls only. 2. Assuming that the ground floor must be fire-proof, sketch in the section and describe in detail the construction you would adopt for it. 3. What are the primary objects of the specification. What general principles should be observed in writing-(a) as to general clauses, (b) as to specific work? Give as an illustration the specification 4. Explain the meaning of the following terms, and 5. In shoreing the side wall of a building previous to 6. What are the advantages and what the disadvantages respectively of continuous girders and continuous columns in heavy storage buildings? As to columns, give some information as to factors of safety desirable and allowable. 7. What are the features to be secured and what to be avoided in (a) water-closet, and (b) urinal fittings respectively? What are the best forms L of traps for them; give sketches and reasons? Sketch how the fittings should communicate with wastes and drains, and the provisions necessary to minimize disease germs. 8. State briefly what precautions are taken in new buildings to keep out damp in (a) walls, (b) roofs, and (c) openings. What special precautions are necessary for skylights? In case of neglect of precaution or failure in old work, sketch and describe what you would use to cure specific defects. 9. What are the different kinds of flooring and paving used in large residences, and how are they fixed or laid and finished? 10. For what purposes is lime used in architects' buildings? What description is best for each work, and what precautions are necessary with each? What are the effects of (a) too rapid drying, (b) too slow drying, (c) resinous matter or tar? ARCHITECTURE.-PLANNING. SECOND PAPER. The Board of Examiners. 1. Plan A, on which the points of the compass for aspect are marked, is submitted to you for report as to defects and inconveniences. Prospect is unimportant. An additional room is wanted for a day nursery, or to take the place of one of the present rooms should one be found convenient for a day nursery. Note on the plan or describe what alterations, if any, you would make in the use of present rooms, and what alterations and additions you would suggest for proper working of the house, or for the additional room required. 2. Sketch a simple plan for a one-storey country cottage of 5 rooms and of minimum cost, capable of addition up to 8 rooms, and show the future additions by dotted lines. In making your sketch you may regard prospect as unimportant, and must show the aspect you consider best for the plan and arrangement you sketch. 3. As to hospitals. State the general principles to be observed as to position and accommodation of (a) kitchen offices, (b) sick wards, and give sketches to illustrate your answer. As to the wards, give detail descriptions and sketches of best arrangements and necessary conveniences thereto. 4. Describe and sketch some methods of combining good sight and hearing in a Church of England church with traditional architectural treatment and features. 5. In designing or altering stairs for places of public assembly, what rules should be observed (a) as to steps, (b) as to landings, (c) as to winders? What general arrangement may be used to save cost of construction and floor space in buildings of several stories? 6. In designing residences for our climate, what general principles should be considered (a) as to rooms for meals, (b) sleeping rooms, (c) kitchens, (d) day and night rooms for children? ARCHITECTURE.-HISTORICAL. THIRD PAPER. The Board of Examiners. 1. Explain with sketches the meaning of the following terms, and state in what styles they were first used, and in what styles principally used :(a) Pylon, (b) Octastyle, (c) Antae, (d) Chevet, (e) Pendentive, (f) Gable tower, (g) Corbel table, (h) Hammer beam. 2. Give some brief notes as to the earliest structural and decorative work of the Greeks. 3. From what sources was the Roman style derived ? Give some examples of buildings, distinguishing between the several sources in each case. What were the characteristic features in their later construction? What were the general characteristics of their decoration? 4. Where did vaulting first originate, and owing to what necessity? Briefly trace its history and development up to about fifth century A.D., distinguishing between the forms, and giving examples. 5. What were the four leading influences in the evolution of the Romanesque style? Give some characteristics of each, also the earliest styles resulting from their combination, and give examples. M |