IV.-METAPHYSICS. Professor Laurie. 1. What guarantee is offered by Kant of the legitimacy and completeness of his Categories? Examine the sufficiency of this guarantee. 2. How does Kant attempt to meet the difficulty of reducing the multiplicity of sense into the unity of the Understanding? 3. How, according to Kant, may a pure conception of reason, or transcendental idea, be defined generally? Indicate the steps by which he reaches this definition. 4. How does Kant explain the presence of a Transcendental Ideal, while holding that we are, from a speculative point of view, left in ignorance whether a Being of transcendent perfection actually exists or not? 5. What distinction is drawn by Kant between the mathematical and the dynamical antinomies? Illustrate this distinction by his treatment of the possibility of causality through freedom. 6. "Aristotle then brings together in his metaphysic three elements which are often separated from each other." Explain as fully as you can. 7. "It is not possible to criticize the idea of knowledge itself; all we can do is to explain it." What are the grounds for this statement? Mention any views of the problem of philosophy to which it is opposed. 8. What objection is taken by Caird to the ordinary view of Logic, formal or material? And what are the characteristics of the new Logic which he considers an advance on the old? V.-MORAL PHILOSOPHY. Professor Laurie. 1. Why does Aristotle call the inquiry into the Good a sort of political inquiry? And how does he connect his Ethics with his Politics? 2. What importance, if any, may be attached at the present day to Aristotle's doctrine of the mean? Mention any practical rules laid down by him for the attainment of the mean. 3. Give the leading features in Aristotle's treatment of Justice. 4. Examine critically Spencer's definition of Conduct as a whole, and the place assigned by him to the conduct on which ethical judgments are passed as compared with the whole of conduct. 5. Explain Spencer's attitude towards the intuitional theory of morals, and examine his argument that the intuitionist cannot ignore the ultimate derivation of right and wrong from pleasure and pain. 6. Should the motives which determine human action be regarded as part of the series of natural phenomena ? Examine Green's teaching on this subject. 7. Give a short abstract of Green's argument against the doctrine that all desire is for some pleasure. 8. It is sometimes said that the hedonistic criterion of morality is more definite and intelligible than the end of human perfection. Examine this statement. VI.-HISTORY OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY. Professor Laurie. 1. Examine critically Descartes' attempt to pass from the knowledge of the finite to that of the infinite. 2. Compare Leibniz's doctrine of a pre-established harmony with the teaching of Spinoza on the relation of mind to body. 3. What precisely are the functions attached to Sensation and Reflection respectively in the philosophy of Locke ? 4. To what extent is the Idealism of Berkeley anticipated, or prepared for, in his Essay on Vision? 5. Describe fully Hume's attitude towards our belief in an independent material world. How does he suppose that this belief arises? 6. How was Reid led to question the ideal system, and what philosophy of perception did he offer in its place? 7. Examine the statement that the result of Kant's investigation in the Critique of Pure Reason is merely negative, warning us not to venture beyond the limits of experience. SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS. MATHEMATICS.-PAPER I. The Board of Examiners. Write essays on not more than three of the following subjects: (1) The properties of a system of conics through four points. (2) The method of reciprocal polars in three dimensions. (3) The complete discrimination and determination. of the conicoid represented by an equation of the second degree, its axes, focal conics, &c. (4) The pencil formed by the normals to a surface in the neighbourhood of a point on it. (5) Geodesics, with details of those on an ellipsoid. (6) Gauss's and Bour's general theorems on the curvature of surfaces. D MATHEMATICS.-PAPER II. The Board of Examiners Write essays on not more than three of the following subjects: (1) General expressions for the curvature of a plane curve in different coordinates. (2) The integral of a rational algebraic function of x and y, where y2 = ax2 + bx + c. (3) The Beta and Gamma functions. (4) Approximate integration. (5) The discrimination of maxima and minima in the Calculus of Variations. (6) The differentiation of a Fourier Series. MATHEMATICS.-PAPER III. The Board of Examiners. Write essays on not more than three of the following subjects: (1) The elimination of constants and functions.by differentiation. (2) Singular solutions of ordinary differential equations. (3) Simultaneous ordinary differential equations. |