2. Professor Holland defines Jurisprudence as the "formal science of positive law." How far does Professor Holland's work bear out this definition, and consider generally whether the definition is true and sufficient?

3. What are meant by the terms Code, Digest, and Consolidation of Statutes? How far are they respectively applicable to the attempts made to introduce order into the Statute and Judiciary Law of England and Victoria?

4. Austin speaks of Judiciary Law as ex post facto legislation. How far is his criticism just ?

5. State Savigny's theory of Possession. What are the principal differences between the Roman and English Laws of Possession?

6. To what extent is jus in rem implicated in the modern doctrines of contract? Are there any contracts in which it has a special prominence?

7. What part has been played by Religion in the development of English Law?

8. On what is the distinction between principal and accessory facts in title founded? What is the test applied to ascertain whether a juristic act in a transaction is part of the title?

9. What are the leading characteristics in the classifications of Blackstone, Austin, and Hearn?

10. Give a short history of Succession by the rule of Primogeniture.

FINAL HONOUR EXAMINATION IN

MEDICINE.

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MEDICINE.

The Board of Examiners.

1. Describe the differences of Idiopathic and Jacksonian Epilepsy in respect of symptoms, prognosis, and treatment.

2. Discuss the causes, symptoms, effects, and treatment of emphysema of the lungs.

3. What are the causes, chief seats, symptoms, and diagnosis of lardaceous disease.

CLINICAL MEDICINE.

The Board of Examiners.

CASES FOR COMMENTARY.

1. A. B., a selector, aged 29, came under observation in December, 1895. He stated that he had been seized with wandering pains in the belly, three months before. Swelling soon followed, and steadily increased. Though he lost flesh his appetite was good, and general health not bad.

The bowels as a rule were constipated. Had been treated for pains about the region of the heart three years before, but had no other serious illness. Gave no history either of tubercle or of malignant disease in his family.

On examination the abdomen was uniformly distended with fluid. There was distinct emaciation, especially of the limbs, which showed no oedema. Temperature 100° F.; urine acid, no albumen, averaging a little over 20 ounces in the 24 hours. Heart and lungs showed nothing abnormal. After the first day or two the temperature became normal; but as the swelling of the belly increased he was tapped, and about 13 pints of dark blood-stained fluid withdrawn. There was then discovered a hard mass, about 2 inches long and 1 inch wide, lying transversely a little to the left and below the umbilicus. Several small nodules were also felt just below the ensiform cartilage. The swelling soon began to form again; his appetite fell off, and he vomited occasionally; and he complained occasionally of slight pain in the left side and loin. After three weeks he was tapped again, and 12 pints of fluid, similar to the last, was removed. The tumour seemed to be slightly larger, but was still rather undefined. Up to this time the temperature kept normal, there was not much pain, and no oedema of the legs.

Comment on this case, discussing particularly the probable nature of the local condition, and giving an opinion as to the prognosis and any further treatment that might seem to be indicated.

2. R. W., aged 64, occupation for last twenty years hotel-keeping, before that a policeman. Patient states that he led an active life when a young man, but during the last seven or eight years he has not taken much exercise. He acknowledges to free indulgence in alcohol, often to excess. He however enjoyed remarkably good health until about eighteen months ago, when he suffered from indigestion and hæmorrhoids. He passed blood from the bowel daily for three months; became weak, and lost some two stones in weight before seeking medical advice. He was advised to abstain from alcohol, and otherwise prescribed for. As a result the hæmorrhage ceased, he became stronger, and gained a few pounds in weight. This improvement, as regards increase of weight, did not continue long. For the last six months he has had dyspnoea on any exertion. Four months later he had "fainting fits." On one occasion he fell from his chair, and remained in a state of apparent coma for several hours, but there was no struggling during the attack, and when he recovered there was no evidence of paralysis. A few days after the patient came under the notice of the present observer.

On examination he is anemic, somewhat emaciated, but there is a considerable layer of subcutaneous fat. There is no venous engorgement, cyanosis, dropsy, or oedema present. Temperature 98°; pulse 60. The tongue is large and Habby, red at edges, and furred in centre.

Examination of chest.-Lungs: The percussion note and vesicular murmur are good all over. Heart: The apex beat is not visible; the impulse

is feeble. In the mitral area the first sound is distant and feeble, no bruit; the second sound is clear and distinct. In the aortic area the second sound is quite distinct, not accentuated; the first sound is very feeble, no bruit. In the pulmonary area the sounds are feeble but distinctly heard, no accentuation of second sound. Pulse 60, occasionally intermitting, only moderate in volume, compressible. The coats of the radial artery are thickened. The liver dulness is, if anything, decreased; appetite capricious; no vomiting; bowels costive. Urine somewhat diminished in quantity, sp. gr. 1025; on boiling and adding nitric acid there is no precipitate.

Comment on the above case, give pathology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

OBSTETRICS AND DISEASES OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN.

The Board of Examiners.

1. Give at length the theories of Menstruation, and discuss its relations to ovulation and uterine and extra-uterine pregnancy.

2. Describe the objects of the induction of premature labour, as well as the cases suitable, and the methods. What mode or modes would you adopt?