2. Two papers are set in "Details of Construction." Upon the whole, the papers are very similar to those set by the Science and Art Department in the advanced stage of "Building Construction." The following are a few examples of the questions :— Draw two courses of brickwork at the quoin of a 21-brick wall, showing Flemish bend on one side, and English bend the other. Draw a section through a king-post roof truss, with details of the ironwork. Draw a plan and section of a window fitted with proper-cased frames. A house has a w.c. on the first floor, with another w.c. over it on the second floor. Give sketches showing the arrangement you would adopt for the soil pipes, and for their proper ventilation. 3. In addition to the "Calculations of Strength of Materials," a general knowledge of the nature and uses of materials used in building is required. The following are specimens of a few of the questions: A beam will carry 6 tons when loaded in the middle and supported at each end. How much will it carry (a) when uniformly loaded and supported at each end; (b) when loaded in the middle and fixed at each end? A cast iron beam is required to carry a load of 20 tons in the centre over a span of 20 feet. What size should it be? Give a description of the various kinds of building stone in common use, with the purpose for which each is best adapted. What kinds of timber would you use for the following kinds of works:-Joists, floors, heads of stairs, piles, lock-gates? 4. In "Quantities," estimates are required to be given of various parts of buildings. One or two questions are usually asked as to the method of measuring and valuing various kinds of work. The following are examples : Take out the quantities, bring into bill, and estimate the cost of the front wall of a cottage? (Necessary particulars given.) Take out the quantities, bring into bill, and estimate the cost of a brick reservoir, built in gravel soil, rendered on the inside with cement? (Size and section of retaining wall given.) How are the following descriptions of sawyer's work measured and paid for:-deep cuts, flat cuts, ends of logs? 5. In "Specifications for Building Works," the candidate is required to draw up specifications for various kinds of work, such as the following: For taking up in a public road the existing 5-inch water main, and laying a 6-inch main instead. For cutting out the wall on the ground floor of a dwelling-house, shoving up the wall above, and inserting a breonimmer for the purpose of forming a shop front. For erecting a lean-to shed. (Dimensions given.) The candidate is also expected to be acquainted with the clauses usually inserted in the "General Conditions," commonly annexed to specifications." 6. The paper in "Practical Geometry," is strictly confined to plane geometry, and includes the drawing of conic sections, and other curves, such as the cycloid, by means of points. Algebra, which is of the usual character. 7. We need make no remarks on the paper in 8. The paper in "Rudimentary Mechanics" contains questions on the composition and resolution of forces, on the simple mechanical powers, and on such other parts of the subject as are comprised in the theory of statics, as far as treated of in elementary text books. Questions are also asked on the laws of motion, the collision of bodies, accelerating forces, and the theory of projectiles. This paper hardly goes beyond what is covered by the elementary stage of "Theoretical Mechanics," in the syllabus of the Science and Art Department. The paper throughout is strictly theoretical. 9. The examination in the "Use of Surveying Instruments" consists of a printed paper, and of a practical examination. The paper contains questions as to the use of the chain, the cross-staff, the theodolite and the sextant, in surveying; also questions on levelling and on the method of making-up and keeping a levelling-book. In the practical examination, the candidate is required to set up and take readings with a level, to read angles with a theodolite, and to take one or two angles with a sextant. He has also to give explanations of the method of adjusting these three instruments. 10. The examination in a modern language comprises translation into and from English, and writing from dictation. Grammatical questions are not asked. The annexed table gives the results of the last two examinations : Results of Open Competitive Examinations for the Situations of Draughtsmen at the Outports of the Admiralty, and of Assistant Surveyors in the Office of H. M. Works. NOTE. The cyphers enclosed within brackets thus [0], indicate the obligatory subjects in which the Candidates failed to qualify. At the second of the above Examinations, two other Candidates presented themselves, but failed to pass the Preliminary Examination. It remains to add that Assistant Surveyors commence with a salary of £100 per annum, rising by annual increments of £10 to £200 per annum. Admiralty draughtsmen begin with £125 per annum. It will probably occur to most of our readers that, considering the nature of the requirements, the salary is very small. It is probable, however, that it is not so much the commencing salary as the prospect of promotion which induces candidates to come forward for the above appointments; promotion in this branch of the service being comparatively rapid, owing to considerable number of higher posts being filled from the ranks of the Surveyors' Assistants. The Royal University of Ireland. [We here reprint several papers as specimens.] FIRST EXAMINATION IN ARTS, 1883. Pass Examination. ENGLISH. First Paper-Time, 3 Hours. SHAKESPEARE-Macbeth. 1. Quote the passages in the play of Macbeth in which the Witches are directly and indirectly described as temptresses. 2. Indicate the scenes and passages in Macbeth that have been supposed to be the work of other hands than Shakespeare's, and compare their style with what appears to be the characteristic style of the play. 3. Describe the character of Macduff, and the part played by him in the plot of the drama. 4. "Who, as 'tis thought, by self and violent hands JOHNSON-Lives of Dryden and Pope. 6. How does Dr. Johnson characterize the "mirth" of Dryden's comedies. 7. Mention some of Dryden's "faults of negligence." 8. In what respects does Dr. Johnson consider that Dryden improved upon the versification of his predecessors? FIRST EXAMINATION IN ARTS, 1883. Pass Examination. ENGLISH. Second Paper-Time, 3 Hours. ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 1. Mention the chief differences of grammatical structure which distinguish the literary English of the fourteenth century from the language as it existed in earlier, and also in later times. 2. Give instances of native words used by Chaucer which are now lost. Examine the Scandinavian element in English. 3. Show how-between the dates of Layamon and Sir Thomas More-the Franco-Latin element in the language was continually on the increase. Name any writers whose influence specially tended to this result. 4. Give the rules for the use of the possessive case, singular and plural, of English nouns, and account, so far as possible, for the existing forms. 5. State the differences between strong and weak English verbs. Give instances of verbs, once of the strong, which have passed into the weak conjugation, and others of verbs, originally weak, which have become (apparently) strong. 6. Classify English adverbs: (1°) according to their origin. What ENGLISH LITERATURE-1600 to 1700. 7. Describe the poetry of Cowley. does Milton mean by calling a school of poets of his day "our late fantastics"? 8. Comment on any two of the characters drawn by Milton in the Paradise Lost. 9. Mention and describe two famous satirical poems produced between 1660 and 1690. 10. Give the titles of Shakespeare's Roman plays. Whence did he obtain the materials for them? Briefly sketch the plot of one of them. 11. Name the chief historical writers, on each side, who were produced by the events of the Civil War. What important biographical works were written in the reign of Charles II. ? 12. Name the authors, or reputed authors, of 9. How does Dr. Johnson contrast Dryden's the following works:-"Killing no Murder," "A and Pope's intellectual habits? 10. What, according to Dr. Johnson, was the "constituent and fundamental principle" of Pope's intellectual character, and by what faculties and qualities was it accompanied ? 12. How does Dr. Johnson answer the question "Whether Pope was a poet?" New Way to pay Old Debts," "Eikon Basilike," "Hesperides," "Mundus Alter et Idem," "Tetrachordon," ""Emblems Divine and Moral," "Gondibert," "Alexander's Feast," "The Rehearsal," "Ductor Dubitantium," Essay of Dramatic Poesy," "Davideis," "Samson Agouistes," ""Venice Preserved." 66 97 FIRST EXAMINATION IN ARTS, 1883. Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Honour Examination. ENGLISH. Time, 3 Hours. HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 1. Account for the presence of Scandinavian In what classes words in the English language. of English words and in what English dialects are traces of Scandinavian words most numerous? Mention some words of Danish origin that are still in current use. 2. What classes of words or parts of words in the English language are exclusively Low German? 3. Give examples of words of Keltic origin, introduced into English through Norman-French. 4. Describe, exemplify, and account for the changes which English words have undergone since the Norman Conquest. HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE (1600-1700). 5. Write a brief account of each of the follow ing writers, and of his works:-Hobbes, Clarendon, Sir Thomas Browne, Andrew Marvel. 6. Compare the Elizabethan Comedy with the Comedy of the Restoration. 7. Name the principal prose works of Milton, and give some account of his prose style. 8. Write a brief account of the satirical poetry of the 17th century. 9. Write a note on the Sonnet, and name the principal Sonneteers of the 17th century. ESSAY. Society. NOVEMBER, 1883. THIS is one of the most interesting numbers issued by the Royal Geographical Society, and we find it due to our readers to make more copious extracts than usual. ATHABASCA. one of the four districts of the the district Alberta, and west of British Columbia. Write an Essay on any one of the following like a chain from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the subjects: (a) South Africa. (b) Industrial Exhibitions. (c) Periodical Literature. ROYAL IRISH CONSTABULARY.-The Right Hon. G. O. Trevelyan, Chief Secretary for Ireland, has nominated twenty-two young gentlemen to compete for two vacant cadetships in January. OXFORD.-Mr. A. P. Pennell has been appointed to an Indian Civil Service Scholarship at Christ Church, tenable for two years, value £50 per annum. CHELTENHAM COLLEGE.-A Science Master is wanted, salary £300, to teach Chemistry and Arctic Ocean. It is 230 miles by 20, and about An BELFAST AND COUNTY DOWN RAILWAY.—A General Manager is required at a liberal salary. Heat. Candidates, who must be good disciplin- He must possess experience in the Locomotive, arians, must apply to the Head Master before 18th November. Carriage, and Permanent Way Departments. FEMALE CLERKS. ANSWERS TO ARITHMETIC. Preliminary Paper in last COMPETITOR. 1. 164016 ounces; 2. 204 pounds; 3. £173 3s. 11d.; 4. £479 8s. 4d.; 5. 4 483; 6. 183; 7. 30; 8. 1; 9. 138-43164; 10. 6-96857; 11. 25-434335901; 12. 0182; 13. 62:35 pence; 14. 7 m. 6 f. 2 poles, 2 yds., 1 ft., 1 in.; 15. £151 18s. 11d.; 16. £3,673 10s.; 17. £6,121 15s., or £6,181 16s. 7d.; 18. 193; 19. 2438; 20. 313; 21. 33; 22. 418-852557 ; 23. 1.7864; 92 93 24. 15-05264222; 25. 416-6; 26. 084375; 27. 22608 grains; 28. 20 horses; 29. £9,418 2s. 1d.; 30. 74 years; 31. 14336 136; 32. 123; 33. 1080; 34. 35; 35. 549.12 ounces; 36. 1326-96 inches; 37. 084; 38. 11; 39. 207-6 min. PRIZE ESSAY.-The Statistical Society offer £100 for the best Essay on "The extent to which recent legislation is in accordance with, or deviates from, the true principles of economic science, and showing the permanent effects which may be expected to arise from such legislation." Competitors are to send in their essays to the Society, marked with a motto, and a sealed letter marked outside with the same motto, before 1st May next. The Essay must not exceed 150 pages of the Society's Journal. MUSCAT, the capital of Oman, as our readers are aware, is a large district of Arabia. The city is at present undergoing a siege. Oman and Zanzibar, in Africa, were, until recently, under the same ruler. The town contains 40,000 inhabitants, and there is always a British gunboat in the bay, which shelled the Arabs of the desert who were besieging the town a few days ago. VACANCIES.-The Postmastership of Dover is vacant. The Receivership, under the New Bankruptcy Act, of Leeds, value £1,100, and that of Hull, value £800 a year, are now vacant. CAMBRIDGE.-The number of students attending this term is 3,178, as appears from a return just made out by the city marshals. At Pembroke College there will be an examination on the 15th January, 1884, for a Mathematical Scholarship, £80, and three others, classical or mathematical, worth £70, £60, and £40 respectively. OXFORD. On the 15th January, and following days, an Examination will be held in Corpus Christi College for four Classical Scholarships, worth £80 per annum; and, at the same time, one Mathematical Scholarship will be awarded, also worth £80. LAST LOWER DIVISION EXAMINATION. WE are indebted to H. R. White, Esq., B.A., the able conductor of the Civil Service Class at Exeter Hall for the following solution of No. 15 in the Arithmetic Paper [see Competitor for August]. On reconsideration, we agree with Mr. White. In the hurry of going through the press, in the ordinary scale (see No. 8) should have been in the duodecimal scale, but it was misprinted T 48 40 3 SOLUTION BY MR. WHITE. "If the invoices be made out for similar amounts, then the present worth of A's invoice is £500, and the total amount of A's profit is £125. The present worth of B's invoice is £5064. Deduct B's profit (£125), then the cost of the silk invoiced is £381. Now, as the cost price per piece of the latter is £125, there must have been 3 pieces. Therefore, as 3 pieces are invoiced at £518 15s., one piece is invoiced at £170 3s. thriving city, 94,000 came from Germany, 50,000 CHICAGO. Of the present inhabitants of this from Ireland, 16,000 from Sweden, 15,000 from Canada, 6,000 from Poland, 6,000 from Norway, 12,000 from Bohemia, 3,300 from Holland, 3,100 from Denmark, 2,000 from France, and 2,000 from Switzerland, with a sprinkling from Spain, Russia, Italy, and Hungary. THE AMERICAN WORKING CLASSES. There appears to exist at present in the great Republic an almost chronic state of discontent among the working classes at the "Tyranny of Capital," and the general order of things. From the last Census we learn there are 2 millions of labourers to of a million employers; and pauperism and ignorance are steadily growing. In Chicago only 53 per cent. of the children attend schools, in Cincinatti 12 per cent. of all children between 8 and 12 years of age are engaged at cigar making; in the building and other kindred trades, wages are only as high as in Britain. |