1. Lydia had 3 cents, but she gave 2 of them to a poor girl; how many had she left?* ANS. 1 cent. Why 1 cent? Because 2 and 1 more make 3; therefore, if we take the 2 from 3, 1 will remain. 2. A little boy, having 4 apples, gave 2 of them to his sister; how many did he keep for himself? Why? 3. A poor woman, having 6 cents, gave 2 of them for a loaf of bread; how many has she left? Why? 4. If you should make 7 marks on your slate, and then should rub out 1, how many marks would remain? Why? 5. Albert, finding 10 ripe peaches under a tree, ate 2 of them, and carried the remainder home; how many did he carry home? Why? *When it is required to find the difference between two numbers, the young learner may ascertain what number added to the smaller will make the larger, and that will be the answer required. MENTAL EXERCISES. 1. Here are 5 boys playing ball, but 3 of them have no ball-clubs; how many have ball-clubs? Ans. 2 boys. Why 2? Because 3 and 2 more make 5; therefore, if we take the 3 from 5, 2 will remain. 2. There are 5 boys and 4 girls at play in front of the school-house; how many more boys than girls are there at play? Why? 3. Amos had 3 apples when he came to school, but he has since given 3 away; how many apples has he now? Why? 4. Lucy, having 6 sheets of paper, gave 3 of them to Ann; how many did she keep for herself? Why? 5. Timothy answered 7 questions in arithmetic one day, and Francis 4; how many more did Timothy answer than Francis? Why? 6. There were 8 pigeons on a tree, but 4 flew away; how many were left? Why? 7. A tinner had 9 large milk-pans, and sold all but 3 of them; how many did he sell? Why? 8. James gave 10 cents for a book, and 4 cents less for his slate; how much did he pay for his slate? Why? 9. A boy, having 11 marbles, lost 3 of them; how many has he left? Why? 10. In a pasture there are 12 sheep; 4 of them are black, and the rest are white; how many of them are white? Why? 11. A man bought a saddle for 13 dollars, and a bridle for 3 dollars; how much more did he pay for the saddle than for the bridle? Why? 12. A cooper made 15 pails, and sold all but 4 of them; how many did he sell? Why? |