REDUCTION OF FEDERAL MONEY. ¶ XXII. Q: What would you call the changing of numbers from one name, or denomination, to another, retaining the same value; as, 200 cents into 2 dollars? A. Reduction. RULE. 1. How many mills in one cent? In 8 cents? In 9 cents? I. What, then, do you multiply by, to bring cents into mills? A. Multiply by 10 mills; that is, annex one cipher. (See ¶ XII.) 2. How many cents in 20 mills? In 60 mills? In 80 mills? II. What, then, would you divide by, to bring mills into cents? 4. By 10 mills; that is, cut off the right hand figure. 3. How many cents in one dollar? In 2 donars? In 8 dollars? III. How many ciphers, then, do you annex to dollars, to bring them into cents? 4. How many dollars in 200 cents? In 800 cents? IV. How many figures, then, would you cut off, to bring cents into dollars? V. As annexing two ciphers to dollars brings them into cents, and one to cents brings cents into mills, how many ciphers, then, would you annex to dollars in all, to bring them into mills? A. Three. 5. How many mills, then, in 2 dollars? In 8 dollars? VI. How many figures would you cut off, to bring mills back into dollars? A. Three. 6. How many dollars in 2000 mills? In 5000 mills? Exercises for the Slate. 1. Reduce $2, 1 c., 1 m. to mills. A. 2011 mills. 2. Reduce $3, 75 c. to mills. A. 3750 mills. ADDITION OF FEDERAL MONEY. ¶ XXIII. 1. What will 20 pencils come to, at 5 cents for 10, and 10 dimes for 10. 2. What is the sum of 50 cents and 5 dimes? 3. What is the sum of 6 cents, 12 cents, 20 cents, and 2, dimes? 4. If you give 25 cents for a top, 25 cents for a knife, and 1 dime for a slate, how much do they all come to? Q. What is this, which you have now been doing, called? A. Addition of Federal Money. 1. A man bought a wagon for $32,50, a harness for $15,20, and a whip for $1, 8 c.; what did the whole cost? OPERATION. $. cts. 32,50 1,08 Ans. $48,78 How do you perform this operation? A. I place dollars under dollars, cents under cents, adding as in Simple Addition. Why is there a cipher placed between the $1, and 8 cents? A. Because the cents are less than 10. From the preceding remarks we derive the following RULE. I. How do you write down cents, dollars, &c.? A. Cents under cents, dollars under dollars, &c. II. How do you add ? A. As in Simple Addition. III. Where is the separatrix to be placed? A. Directly mder the separating points above. More Exercises for the Slate. 2. What is the amount of 3 dollars 2 cents, 2 dollars 5 certs, 7 dollars 8 cents, 9 dollars 1 cent, 1 dollar 1 cent 1 mill, and 20 dollars 50 cents? A. $42,671. 3. Bought a chaise for $126,18, a watch for $280,25, a coarn for $850,62, a hat for $6,50, and a whip for $2,98; how muc did all these articles come to? A. $1266,53. 4. Bought a cap for $7,50, a coat for $12,18, a pair of silk stockings for $1,62, and a cane for $2,87; what was the cost of the whole? A. $24,17. 5. If I give ten dollars one cent for a cart, fifty dollars for a yoke of cattle, seven dollars twenty cents for a plough, sixtyfive dollars for a horse, thirty-seven dollars fifty cents for some hay, how much will all these come to? A. $169,71. 6. If of an orange be worth 2 cents, how much is worth? How much is a whole orange worth? 7. If of a vessel be worth $25000,50, what is the whole vessel worth? A. $75001,50. 8. If of a vessel be worth $3700,12, what is a whole vessel worth? A. $14800,48. 9. If of a vessel be worth $10000,50, what is worth? ??? and what part is? A. $20001, 30001,50, 10. If of the stock in a bank be worth $2356,56, what is worth? (471312)* worth? (942624) A. $14139,36. 11. Bought a quart of brandy for 62 cents, a quarter of flour for 1 dollar 37 cents, a pound of sugar for 12 cents, 2 yards of cotton cloth for 75 cents, 1 vest pattern for 87 cents, 1 dozen of buttons for 8 cents, and 2 cotton balls for 6 cents; how much did the whole amount to? A. $3,89. SUBTRACTION OF FEDERAL MONEY. ↑ XXIV. 1. If you buy a top for 20 cents, 12 marbles for 20 cents, 6 oranges for 10 cents, and sell them for 5 dimes, shall you make or lose by trading? 2. Your father gave you 15 mills, 4 mills, 1 mill, 2 dimes, 28 cents; and said, that if you would tell him how much more it would take to make a dollar, he would give you as much more; how much did it take? 3. You bought a yard of ribbon for 24 cents, gave to your sister, and sold the rest at 10 cents for a quarter of a yard; did you make, or lose? and how much? *In order to remedy the inconvenience arising from inspecting many operations, and at the same time to secure the object of giving the amount of several results, the result of each operation will be stated in figures, included in a parenthesis, and annexed to each question, without assigning any value to the figures, leaving this particular entirely to the judgment of the pupil. The pupil should, notwithstanding, be required to prove each operation, and assign to each particular result its true value, the latter of which, however, in most cases, he must necessarily do, to obtain the answer, as it is the amount of all these separate results, with the value assigned to cach. 4. If 3 dollars buy one yard of cloth, what is of a yard worth? 5. A, B, and C, buy a chaise for 90 dollars; A pays of it, how many dollars do B and C pay? RULE. I. How do you write the numbers down? A. As in Addition of Federal Money. II. How do you subtract? A. As in Simple Subtraction. III. How do you place the separatrix ? A. As in Addition of Federal Money. Exercises for the Slate. 1. A man owed $36,465, and paid $27,696; how much did he then owe? OPERATION. $36,465 $ 8,769, A. 8 dollars 76 cents 9 mills. 2. You borrow $536,15, and pay $236,18; how mucn remains unpaid? A. $299,97. 3. A merchant bought a quantity of coffee for $526,50, which he afterwards sold for $626,255; how much did he make by the sale? A. $99,755. 4. My travelling expenses on a journey were as follows, viz.; stage fare, eighteen dollars; board, nine dollars fifty cents; carrying trunk at different times, seventy-five cents; private conveyance at one time, six dollars thirty-seven and a half cents; and at another, seven dollars; how much had I left, on my return home, of two 50 dollar bills, which I took with me? A. $58,375. . 5. From two dollars take twenty cents. A. $1,80. 6. From five dollars take one mill. 7. From one dime take 1 cent. A. $4,999. 8. How much must you add to three dollars twelve and a half cents, to make four dollars? A. $,87). 9. Subtract 37 cents from 50 dollars. A. $49,624. 10. From 4 dollars take 3 dollars 99 cents and 9 mills. A. $0,001. 11. Suppose I owe the following sums; to Y. $60, 1 cent; to G, $356, 7 cents; to P, $23,50; to D, $700; and my whole stock is worth no more than $1000; am I in debt more than I am worth? and how much? A. $139,58 more than I am worth. MULTIPLICATION OF FEDERAL MONEY. ¶ XXV. 1. What will 20 yards of cloth come to, at $2 per yard? At $4? At $6? At $10? 2. What will 10 yards of tape come to in cents, at 3 mills a yard? At 8 mills? At 2 cents? At 9 cents? At 15 cents? At 12 cents? 3. How many 9 pences are there in a dollar? How many 4 pences? 4. At 4 pence a yard, what will 2 yards of ribbon come to in cents? What will 3 yards? 4 yds.? 8 yds.? 12 yds.? 16 yds? 20 yds.? 24 yds.? 32 yds.? 48 yds.? 56 yds.? 64 yds? 5. What will 2 oranges come to in cents, at 2 dimes per orange? What will 3? 5? 6? 7? 9? 12? 15? Q. What is this, which you have now been doing, called? A. Multiplication of Federal Money. RULE. I. How is the multiplicand to be written down? A. As in Addition of Federal Money. II. How do you multiply? A. As in the simple rules. III. How many places do you retain in the product for cents and mills? A. As many as are in the multiplicand. Exercises for the Slate. 1. At 25 dollars 6 cents 5 mills a month, what will 6 months' labour cost? OPERATION. $25,065 Ans. $150,390 150 dollars 39 cents. 2. If one pair of shoes cost $2,25, what will 2 pair cost? (450) 3 pair cost? (675) 4 pair cost? (900) 5 pair cost? (1125) 7 pair? (1575) 9 pair? (2025) A. $67,50. 3. What will 12 pair cost? (2700) 15 pair cost? (3375) 18 pair? (4050) 23 pair? (5175) A. $153. 4. What will 26 pair cost? (5850) 37 pair cost? (8325) 53 pair cost? (11925) 75 pair cost? (16875) A. $429,75. 5. What will 85 pair cost? (19125) 150 pair cost? (33750) 183 pair cost? (41175) 165 pair cost? (37125) A. $1311,75. 6. What will 250 pair cost? (56250) 800 pair cost? A. (180000) A. $2362,50. L |