MR. VAN WYCK: That will be referred to the civil service commission. The people are asking that the surplus shall be dried up; and not that indiscriminately, and without any regard to the public interests, the treasury shall be thrown wide open and have the draining process there.

When the people of this country are asking to be released from taxation they point to the treasury being full to overflowing; so that there may be some relief in internal revenues and customs, duties and taxes; and the point is to stop the mouths of the people by taking away, or drying up that argument, so that they can be told, "The treasury is empty, and therefore this taxation must go on." This is the way you propose to drain the treasury and empty it of its

resources.

ELECTION OF SENATORS.

In the expiring days of his senatorial term of six years, he delivered a most exhaustive speech upon a proposition to amend the constitution of the United States so as to secure the election of the United States senators by direct vote of the people.

Having examined the causes which made senators originally subject to legislative conditions, he claimed that a crisis was approaching in which the people would recall the delegated power and wield it through the omnipotence of the ballot box.

Mr. President-When capital, in defiance of the constitution and laws, can demand payment of debts in gold coin only; when the upheaval of labor can be repressed by indietments and fine or imprisonment for a conspiracy; when the more dangerous conspiracy of capital, in Black Friday, in control of the coal fields of the East; when a syndicate or one man can purchase seventy coal mines within a radius of fifty miles of Saint Louis, and no protest is heard, no courts or indictments, at this communism of wealth, this anarchism which threatens, not individuals, not a party, but the entire Republic; when throughout the northwest the virgin soil is being exhausted to raise grain, make pork and beef, the producer receiving hardly the cost of production, and when the product reaches the seaboard so encumbered with railroad and other charges that meat three times a day, our former boast, is often denied the laborer; when to the relief of the Nation comes the president of a powerful road, with the exhilarating and comforting assurance that this great unrest, this persistent demand of labor for reward sufficient to furnish substance, this clamor of producers that grain shall return in price enough to pay the

bare price of production is only an indication of unusual content and prosperity and a promise of greater beneficence and glory to be spread over the Republic; when the tenant class is yearly increasing: when three-fourths of all the farms in the Republic are mortgaged; when the additions of wealth are largely to those who count possessions by thousands of millions, and labor must return thanks for the privilege to toil for reward which hardly provides board and clothing, there is a crisis impending. Could those leaders who have placed the Republican party in peril, stripped it of its usefulness by denying living principles, compelling the active present to feast only upon the memories and reminiscences of the past, draw nearer to the hearts and hearthstones of the masses, seek to give a genuine protection to honest labor, there would soon be "life in the old land yet."

You remember when Sumner charged slavery with being the great crime against nature. Corporations have taken the place of slavery. Unfortunately there is no Sumner to arraign it, while it is being strangled by those intrusted with its care and perishing in the face of the very generation-the actors and theatre of its greatest achievements. Corporations and their servants, like slavery and its masters, can learn nothing by experience; blinded by pride, impelled by avarice and greed, will listen to no suggestions, make no concessions in recognition of justice and right until disaster gathers about them. The democracy carried slavery and fell, although in falling it did not entirely perish.

The Republican party has carried monster corporations equally as unrelenting and exacting, and is reeling, stumbling and falling with the terrible load. And the humble warner waving the signal flag of danger is run down and crushed as an enemy in the path of bloated, unrelenting, and unreasoning power.

Shades of Sumner, Lincoln, Seward, Chase, and the great army of martyred heroes, who we trust are not allowed to suffer pangs because of the political debasement which must be endured by the remnant of the grand Union Army at the spectacle that the Republican party has lost the popular branch of the government, has lost the executive. And now, reckless, nerveless leaders tell us there is a crisis, as they madly beat the waves threatening to submerge the last feeble, frail resting place; and in their insane folly talk about straight, reliable partisans to be elected in defiance of the express demands of the people to save what is left in the upper branch of congress. In the same spirit and in the same hope they talk of the horrors of an overflowing

treasury and blindly suppose relief will come to the people by draining it out rather than stop unjust and oppressive taxation, which fills it by draining the pockets of the people.

Year by year the party becomes weaker even here. The desperate remedy is prescribed that the influence and wealth and tools of huge corporations shall be invoked to overthrow the people and secure a temporary victory while the leaders appear as unconcerned as to the real cause of danger and safety as was Nero when he fiddled at the destruction of Rome. During this time waning power is departing from the senate and in their desire to save they contribute to the certainty of defeat.

And thus it becomes more necessary that those occupying seats in this body should receive their commissions directly from the hands of the people. A political crisis is approaching, when, driven from the popular branch, from the executive, the last resting place of a once great party. which had done more for mankind and made a larger chapter in history than any preceding, can alone be secured on this cold and majestic eyrie only by not allowing the Republican senators to be elected by Democratic votes-a wisdom equal to the ostrich which thinks its body secure by hiding its head in the sand.

SENATOR CHARLES F. MANDERSON.

March 4th, 1883-March 4th, 1895.

Charles Frederick Manderson, Brevet Brigadier General, United States Senator from Nebraska, and a lawyer by profes sion, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, February 9, 1837. He was the son of John Manderson, who was born in 1799 in County Antrim, Ireland, of Scotch-Irish ancestry and emigrated to America when a small child, and lived nearly all his life in the city of Philadelphia, where he was well known and where he died in 1885, at the age of eighty-six years. The mother of Charles F. Manderson was Katherine Benfer, who was born in the city of Philadelphia, was of German extraction, and died in that city when our subject was a small child.

Charles Frederick Manderson received his education in the public schools of Philadelphia, and, when of proper age, was admitted to the High School of that city, an excellent institution, and under the general direction of Professor Hart, who was president of the faculty. At the age of nineteen he removed to Canton, Ohio, where he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1859. In the spring of 1860 he was elected city solicitor of Canton, and was re-elected the next year.

General Manderson was married at Canton, April 11th, 1865, to Rebecca S., daughter of Hon. James D. Brown, a lawyer of prominence, who died at Omaha, Nebraska, in 1871. His wife's maternal grandfather, John Harris, was one of the first settlers of the state of Ohio, and a lawyer who achieved high professional standing and renown in the early history of the State.

On the day of the receipt of the news of the firing on Fort Sumter, Mr. Manderson enlisted as a private with Captain James Wallace of the Canton Zouaves, an independent company of which he had been corporal. Mr. Manderson and Samuel Beatty, an old Mexican soldier, then sheriff of Stark County, received permission from Governor Dennison to raise a company of infantry in April, 1861. They recruited a full

company in one day; Manderson being commissioned as its, first lieutenant, and Beatty captain. In May, 1861, Captain Beatty was made colonel of the 19th Ohio Infantry, and Manderson was commissioned captain of Company A of the same regiment. He took his company into western Virginia, among the first troops occupying that section, taking station at Glover's Gap and Mannington. The 19th Ohio became a part of the brigade commanded by General Rosecrans in General McClellan's army of occupation of Virginia and moved up the Kanawha valley. The regiment participated with great credit in the first field battle of the war, known as Rich Mountain, on the 11th of July, 1861. Captain Manderson received special mention in the official reports of this battle. In August, 1861, he re-enlisted his company for three years or during the war, and in this service he rose through the grades of major, lieutenant colonel and colonel of the 19th Ohio Infantry, and on January 1st, 1864, over 400 of the survivors of his regiment re-enlisted with him as veteran volunteers. The battle of Shiloh, during which Captain Manderson acted as lieutenant colonel, caused his promotion to the rank of major and he was mentioned in the reports of General Boyle and General Crittenden for distinguished gallantry and exceptional service. General Boyle, commanding the brigade, says in his report:

Captain Manderson deported himself with cool nerve and courage and personally captured a prisoner.

He was in command of the 19th Ohio Infantry in all its engagements up to and including the battle of Lovejoy's Station on September 2nd, 1864. At the battle of Stone River or Murfreesboro, his regiment lost, in killed and wounded, two hundred and thirteen men out of four hundred and forty-nine enlisted men taken into the engagement. It won distinguished renown and exceptional mention for its participation in this great battle and the official reports gave particular credit to its charge in the cedars, which checked the enemy's advance upon our right and restored the line of battle to one that could be maintained. General Fred. Kneflar, who commanded the 79th Indiana, said in his official report: