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THE FOUNDATION.

TO THE PUPIL.-Read each problem and (a) tell its meaning, (b) solve it, and (c) tell the suggested number story. Do this until you can easily give the meaning of all problems similar to these, solve them, and tell the suggested number stories without reference to the notes that follow.

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1. plus, means, and . twelfths; twelfths;

twelfths = twelfths. hour, and "hide and seek" twelfths of an hour. (See First

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121 × 21 = (22)

6¢ ÷

2

=

*

bu. ÷ 4 = (5)
63 yd. ÷ 2 = (10)
53 tons ÷ 2 = (15)

2)46 ft.
(18)

3)271 ft.

(21)

I can change thirds and fourths to
twelfths; twelfths and
Story--Harry played ball of an
of an hour; in all he played
Book, pages 125, 135, 145, 147, 149.)

2. minus, means, & less §. I can change fourths and thirds to twelfths. twelfths; = twelfths; twelfths less

=

*See Elementary Arithmetic, pp. 89 and 153.

twelfths =

twelfths. Story-William had a piece of wire

of a foot long; he cut from it a piece of a foot long; what remained was twelfths of a foot long.

3. of a bushel multiplied by 7, means, take 7 times three fourthbushels; 7 times 3 fourth-bushels = fourth-bushels, or

and

bushels. Story-A farmer fed to his horses bu. of

oats each day for a week; in all he fed

and

bushels.

4. 4 divided by 1, means, find how many times 1 third is contained in 4. I can change 4 to thirds. 4 is 12 thirds. 1 third is contained in 12 thirds times. Story-The teacher divided 4 oranges among some boys, giving to each § of an orange; there were boys.

5. of a bushel divided by 4, means, find 1 fourth of of a bushel. } 1 fourth of of a bushel of a bushel. Story-A boy divided of a bushel of oats equally among 4 ponies; each pony received of a bushel.

6. 6 plus 51, means, 63 and 51. 62 and 51 Story-In one jar there were 63 lb. of butter; 5 lb.; in both there were

and

=

and

in another there were pounds.

=

and

7. 62 minus 51, means, 63 less 51. 6 less 5 Story-A grocer had 63 lb. cheese, from which he sold 5 lb.; there remained

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and

pounds.

8. 12 multiplied by, means, take of 124. 3 fourths of 12¢ cents. Story-At 12¢ a pound, & of a pound of meat costs

cents.

=

=

9. divided by 1, means, find how many times 1 sixth is contained in 2 thirds. I can change thirds to sixths; 2 thirds sixths; 1 sixth is contained in 4 sixths times. Story Mrs. Smith divided of a pie among some boys, giving to each of a pie; there

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and

10. 63 yd. divided by 2, means, find 1 half of 63 yards. 1 half of 6 yards = yards. Story-A salesman cut 62 yd. of ribbon into 2 equal pieces; there were and yards in each piece.

==

11. 2 bu, 3 pk. plus 2 bu. 2 pk., means, 2 bu. 3 pk. and 2 bu. 2 pk. 2 bu. 3 pk. and 2 bu. 2 pk. bu. pk. Story-A dealer put 2 bu. 3 pk. of oats into one bag and 2 bu. 2 pk. into another bag; in both there were

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12. 5 bu. 1 pk. minus 1 bu. 3 pk., means, 5 bu. 1 pk. less 1 bu. 3 pk. 5 bu. 1 pk. less 1 bu. 3 pk. = pk. Story-Mr. Bean had 5 bu. 1 pk. of oats, from which he fed 1 bu. 3 pk.; there remained bushels pecks.

13. $3 multiplied by, means, take 1 half of 3 fifths of a dollar. 1 half of 3 fifths of a dollar = of a dollar. Story-At & of

a dollar a yard, 1 half of a yard of ribbon is worth dollar.

of a

14. 7 divided by 2, means, find how many times 2 is contained in 7. I can change 21 and 7 to halves; 21 halves are contained in

=

halves

halves; 7 =

halves. times. Story-A farmer put 7 bushels of oats into bags, putting 24 bushels in each bag; there were

and

bags.

15. 5 tons divided by 2, means, find 1 half of 5 tons. 1 half of 5 tons = tons. Story-5 tons of coal were divided equally between two families; each family received and

tons.

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=

cents.

16. 12 multiplied by 24, means, take 2 times 12 plus 3 fourths of 12¢ (2 times 12). 2 times 124 plus 3 fourths of 129 Story-At 129 a pound 24 lb. of cheese cost

cents.

17. 46 ft. divided by 2 ft., means, find how many times 2 ft. are contained in 46 ft. 2 ft. are contained in 46 ft. times. Story—

A mechanic cut 46 ft. of moulding into pieces, each piece being 2 ft. long; there were

pieces.

18. 46 ft. divided by 2, means, find 1 half of 46 ft. 1 half of 46 ft. = ft. Story-Henry divided 46 ft. of wire into 2 equal parts; each part was

feet long.

19. 12 multiplied by 3, means, take 3 times 123 (3 times, plus 3 times 12). 3 times 12 Story-One side of a triangle having

equal sides is 121 ft.; the perimeter of the triangle is

feet.

=

half-feet;

and

20. 15 feet divided by 2 feet, means, find how many times 2 feet are contained in 15 feet. I can change 15 ft. and 2 ft. to half-feet; 15 ft. half-feet; 2 feet half-feet are half-feet times. Story-A mechanic had 15 feet of moulding which he cut into pieces, each piece being 21 ft. long; there werę pieces.

contained in

21. 27 feet divided by 3, means, find 1 third of 273 feet. 1 third of 271 feet = and feet. Story-The perimeter of a triangle having equal sides is 27 feet; each side is

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22. 12 multiplied by 23, means, take 2 times 12, plus of 121. 2 times 121, plus of 121 Story-At $12 per ton, 2 tons of hay cost and

dollars.

23. 13 bu. divided by 21 bu., means, find how many times 21 bu. are contained in 13 bu. I can change 24 and 13

fourths.

fourths

to fourths. 21 13 = fourths. fourths are contained in times.. Story-A farmer had 13

bu. of oats which

he put into bags, putting 21 bu. in each bag. There were bags.

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1. .24 plus .05, means, 24 hundredths and 5 hundredths. .24 and .05 = hundredths. Story-William had $.24; he earned $.05;

he then had

2. .64 minus .05, means, 64 hundredths less 5 hundredths. .64 less .05 = hundredths. Story-Martha had $.64; she spent $.05;

she then had

3. .12 multiplied by 9, means, take 9 times 12 hundredths. 9 times .12 = hundredths.

hundredths, or

and

4. .08 divided by .02, means, find how many times 2 hundredths are contained in 8 hundredths. .02 are contained in .08 Story-I paid $.08 for oranges at $.02 each; I bought

times. oranges.

5. $.08 divided by 2, means, find 1 half of 8 hundredths of a dollar. One half of $.08 = Story-I paid $.08 for 2 lemons; one lemon

cost

50

6. .24 plus .5, means, 24 hundredths and 5 tenths. 5 tenths hundredths. .24 and 50 hundredths. Story-John had

=

$.24; Alfred had $.5; together they had

7. .64 minus .5, means, 64 hundredths less 5 tenths. 5 tenths

50 hundredths. .64 less .50 =
$.64; Mary had $.5; Sarah had $-

hundredths. Story-Sarah had more than Mary.

* See Elementary Arithmetic, pp. 153 and 155.

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