FOURTH SERIES OF MENTAL EXAMPLES.

1. What is the amount of 2 tens? of 5 tens? of 6 tens? of 7 tens?

of 3 tens?

of 8 tens?

of 4 tens ? of 9 tens?

2. How much is any figure increased by having a figure placed at the right hand of it? A. 10 fold.

3. How many tens does the figure 5 represent when one figure stands at the right hand of it?

4. How many tens does 6 represent with one figure at the right hand? How many does 7? 8? 9?

5. What number does the figure 1 represent, with two figures at the right hand of it? The figure 2? 3? 4? &c. 6. John had 30 cents, and Henry had 40 cents; how many had both? A. 70 cents. Process.-30 is 3 tens, and 40 is 4 tens; then 3 tens and 4 tens are 7 tens; and 7 tens are the same as 70.

7. A man owed 50 dollars to A, and 40 to B; how many dollars will pay them both?

8. Eliza spent 60 cents for a book, and Jane 30 cents for quills; how many cents did both spend ?

9. How many are 20 and 30? 20 and 40? 30 and 50 ? 50 and 20? 40 and 50? 60 and 40? 70 and 40? 80 and 30? 90 and 30? 80 and 60? 90 and 70 ?

10. How many are 20, 30 and 6? 30, 40 and 7.

11. A market woman sold her butter for 50 cents, her eggs for 40 cents, and a quart of berries for 8 cents; how many cents did she get for the whole?

12. James had 20 cents, Henry had 30, and John 40; how many cents had all three ?

13. What sum will 40, 60 and 8 make added together?

14. How many are 70, and 20, and 6?

15. How many are 40, and 24, and 6 ?

EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE ON THE SLATE, SERIES 1.

9. A man bought a cow for 24 dollars, a horse for 46 dollars, and a yoke of oxen for 75 dollars; how many dollars did he give for the whole ?

10. A boy bought a dozen of oranges for 25 cents, a pound of raisins for 18 cents, a gallon of molasses at 28 cents; how many cents did he give for the whole?

11. A man sold a cow for 16 dollars, a plough for 9 dollars, a cart for 25 dollars, and a hog for 12 dollars; what was the whole amount?

12. A boy spent 15 cents for candy, 16 cents for figs, 25 cents for a penknife, and 18 cents for a book; how many cents did he spend in all ?

13. What is the amount of 36, 42, 31 and 77, added together?

14. If I buy a sled for 7 dollars, an axe for 3 dollars, a table for 8 dollars, and a bedstead for 13 dollars; what will the whole cost?

15. A sportsman killed 14 quails, 17 snipes, 8 partridges, and 17 plover; how many birds in all ?

16. A man sold 14 acres of land to one farmer, 16 acres to another, and 24 acres each, to two more; how many acres did he sell?

17. A man owns four pastures. In the first are 35 sheep, in the second are 25 cows, in the third are 19 calves, and in the fourth are 12 horses; how many animals in all?

18. A man travelled 24 miles in one day, 18 miles in another, 27 miles in another, and 31 miles in another; how many miles did he travel in all ?

19. A boy bought an arithmetic for 35 cents, a slate for 26 cents, a spelling book for 28 cents, and a writing book for 11 cents; how many cents did he pay for all?

20. Twenty-four hours make one day; how many hours are there in 5 days?

21. A house has 8 rooms on the lower floor, 9 in the second story, 11 in the third story, and 4 in the garret; how many rooms in the house?

22. A man owns 4 farms; the first one contains 134 acres, the second contains 175 acres, the third 211 acres, and the fourth 98 acres; how many acres of land does he own in all?

23. A rich farmer sold 213 bushels of corn, 375 bushels of rye, 137 bushels of wheat, and 186 bushels of oats; how many bushels of grain did he sell in all ?

24. A merchant bought 4 pipes of wine, containing 128, 117 and 134 gallons; how many gallons in all ?

700

25. What is the amount of 1237, 4183, 1984 and 9876, added together?

26. Add together 783, 1468, 64374 and 9046, and tell the amount ?

27. A farmer bought 4 cows and paid 33 dollars for each; how much did he give for the four?

28. What is the total amount of 4400, 14000, 130300 and one million, added together?

29. A man divided his property equally among his 5 children, and gave to each 12867 dollars; what was the value of his whole estate?

30. Five men built a cotton factory, which cost them 14346 dollars each; what was the cost of the whole factory?

8. Add together the following sums, viz. 49083: 5678393: 89346794: 408673: 8789634.

Ans. 104272577

9. What is the amount of the following sums, viz. Seventy. five thousand six hundred and forty-three: Ninety-six thousand four hundred and eleven: Eight thousand six hundred and thirty Four thousand and nine hundred: One hundred and seventy-two thousand six hundred and two? Ans. 358186. 10. If A owes me 146 dollars, B 237 dollars, C 354 dollars, and D 1324 dollars, how much do they all owe me ? Ans. 2061 dolls. 11. A merchant bought 5 hogsheads of coffee, weighing as follows, viz. No. 1, 783 lbs. No. 2, 864 lbs. No. 3, 1640 lbs. No. 4, 690 lbs. and No. 5, 568 lbs. how many pounds did he purchase in all ? Ans. 4545 lbs. 12. If 140 apples fill a peck measure, how many will fill a

el measure?

Ans. 560.

13. If I set out on a journey, and travel 35 miles the first day, 45 miles the second, and continue to increase 10 miles each day, how many miles shall I be from home after travelling 5 days? Ans. 275.

14. There are 1760 yards in a mile; how many yards will that boy travel who goes 2 miles and back again?

Ans. 7040.

15. A farmer gave his son a peck of peaches to sell in market: the boy on counting them, found he had 145, and being very good ones, he sold them for one cent apiece; his father finding he had done so well, gave him a bushel more, which he sold at the same rate; can you tell how many cents the boy got for all his peaches? Ans. 725.

16. A gentleman purchased four sections of land: the first contained 5987 acres, the second, 7895, the third, 8957, and the fourth was to contain as many acres as all the three first added together; how many acres did the fourth lot contain, and how many acres were bought in the whole?

Ans. The fourth section contained 22839 acres, and he bought in all 45678 acres.

17. Five boys collected chesnuts: A found 4962, B 2346, C 5420, D 6201, and E as many again as A found; how many chesnuts did they all get, and how many had E alone?

Ans. They all got 28853, and E had for his part 9924. 18. A company of merchants fitted out four ships for India: The first ship cost 9875 dollars, and her cargo cost 25860 dollars: the second ship cost 19834 dollars, and her cargo 28987 dollars the third ship cost 15900 dollars, and her cargo 30908 dollars: the fourth cost 25000 dollars, and her cargo 37800 dollars: now can you tell first, how much the ships cost; then how much their cargoes cost; and lastly, how much the ships and cargoes cost all put together?

The ships cost 70609 dollars;

Ans. The cargoes cost 123555 dollars;

Ships and cargoes together cost 194164 dollars. 19. A grocer in weighing off a quantity of cheese, weighed at the first draught, 30 cheeses, wt. 357 pounds: at the second draught, 28 cheeses, wt. 376 pounds: at the third, 35 cheeses, wt. 425 pounds: and at the fourth, 29 cheeses, wt. 394 pounds; I wish to know how many cheeses the lot contained, and how many pounds they all weighed ?

Ans. 122 cheeses; and all weighed 1552 pounds. 20. A teamer took on board his wagon 6 bales of cotton, wt. as follows: 360, 409, 390, 417, 376 and 425 lbs. besides 500 lbs. of iron; tell me the weight of his load?

B*

Ans. 2877 lbs.

Ans.

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21. A merchant bought 5 kegs of butter, weighing keg and all as follows, viz. 57, 63, 71, 49, and 75 lbs. the kegs after taking out the butter weighed 15 lbs. each; how much did the whole weigh, and how much did the kegs weigh without the butter? The whole weighed 315 lbs. The kegs weighed 75 lbs. 22. A gentleman bought a farm for $2460, and built a house that cost him 1375 dollars, a barn that cost 750 dollars, and other out buildings, the cost of which was 385 dollars; his farming utensils cost 145 dollars, and he paid for repairing fences and building wall 136 dollars more; how much does his whole estate stand him in, and for how much must he sell it to gain 1000 dollars by his bargain?

Ans.

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Estate stands him in $5251. He must sell it for $6251. 23. A merchant purchased a vessel for $7500, on board of which he put 475 dollars' worth of pork, 550 dollars' worth of beef, 385 dollars' worth of lard, 268 dollars' worth of butter, and 187 dollars' worth of cheese, besides hoops and staves to the amount of 235 dollars, and sent her to Havana, with orders for the captain to sell vessel and cargo together if he could get 2500 dollars more than their cost; what sum must he receive for the vessel and cargo? Ans. $12100.

24. A merchant hired a store and paid $150 for one quarter's rent, in advance, and 225 dollars for fitting up the store. He then went to New-York, where he bought broadcloth to the amount of 2560 dollars, silks to the amount of 1375 dollars, satins amounting to 750 dollars, calicoes amounting to 987 dollars, and sundry other articles, which amounted to 2563 dollars; his expenses and the freight of the goods came to 75 dollars: what amount of money did he lay out in all, and how much must he sell the whole for in order to make by his purchases 1700 dollars? Ans. Must sell all for $10385. S He laid out $8685.

SUBTRACTION.

Q. What is subtraction?

A. It is taking a less number from a greater, and shows the difference between them: as 6 from 18 leaves 12, which is the difference between 6 and 18.

Q. How many kinds of subtraction are there?

A. Two: simple and compound.

What is simple subtraction?