Opinion concerning the irregularity of the Meridians-M. Klü-

gel's Hypothesis,

Page

53

54.

Measurement conducted by Delambre, Mechain, Biot, &c.

Results Quantity of the Depression-Accords with Phenomena, 55

New Measurement by the Swedish Astronomers-Accords with
the French Measure,

Depression of Jupiter-English Measures-Doubts,

Geographical Conclusions,

Whether the Ancients were acquainted with the Depression of

the Globe,

56

57

58

60

BOOK III.

Continuation of the Theory of Geography-Of Terrestrial

Globes-Of their Construction and Principal Uses,

61

Meridian and Anti-meridian-Longitude counted after the cus-

Common way of making Globes-Uses of the Globe-Distance

of Places,

70

Remarks on the Measure of Distances-Law of the Decrease of

Remark on these Calculations-Divers questions resolved by the

Globe-To find Geographical Positions,

79

To find the Length of the Days,

888

80

To find the Points of the Rising and Setting of the Sun-To

Measure Distances-To Rectify the Globe,

Another Method to find the Length of the Day-New Construc-
tion of Globes,

82

Historical Remarks on Globes,

84

BOOK IV.

Continuation of the Theory of Geography-Of Geographical
Maps-Of the Stereographic, Orthographic, and Central
Projection,

Different sorts of Geographical Maps,

Page

86

ib.

Developable Surfaces-Of Projections,
Laws of Orthographic Projection,

Laws of Stereographic Projection,

Three sorts of Stereographic Projections-Polar Projection-
Tracing of Meridians,

Tracing of the Parallels-Equatorial Projection or on a Meridian
-Tracing of the Meridians,

Tracing of Parallels-Horizontal Projection,

Tracing of the Meridians,

To trace the Meridians by Points-Tracing of Parallels,
Properties of the Stereographic Projection,

Measure of Distances on a Stereographic Map,

Origin of the Stereographic Projection-Orthographic Projections, 98

Faults of all the Projections-Modification proposed by Lahire
and Parent,

103

BOOK V.

Continuation of the Theory of Geography-Of Geographic
and Hydrographic Maps by Conic and Cylindric Deve-
lopment Of Projections by Proportional Parts,

Simple Conic Projection,

Modifications of the Conic Projection,

105

ib.

106

Projection of De l'Isle de la Croyere-Method proposed by Euler, 107

Mercator's Projection, or reduced Maps-Tables of increasing La-

titudes,

120

121

122

123

Properties of this Projection,-Spindle of the Terrestial Globe,

124

BOOK VI.

Continuation of the Theory of Geography-Continuation and

end of the Theory of Geographical Maps-Of the choice and

assemblage of details.

126

Chorographic Maps Of Plans, not Orientes, and without a Scale, 132

Comparison of Maps-Common defect of ancient Maps,

143

Continuation of the Theory of Geography-First Sketches of

Physical Geography-General Forms and Distribution of

Continents and of Seas-External Configuration of Moun-

tains, Valleys, Plains, and Coasts,

General Views of Physical Geography,

Imperfect State of Observations,

152

ib.

153

Physical Divisions of the Globe-Continents, Seas, &c.

Mediterranean, Seas, Gulfs, &c.—Peninsulas, &c.

154

155

Ancient Continent-Divisions of the World-New Continent-

The Ocean,

156

Classification of Seas,

157

Terrestrial and Aquatic Hemisphere-Dimensions of the Austro-

Oriental Ocean,

158

Comparison of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres-Is a

Southern Continent necessary for the Equilibrium of the

Globe?

159

Direction of Peninsulas,

160

Direction of the Continents,

161

Proximity of the Pole-Contrasted Configurations-Mountains,

Perforated Mountains-Chains of Mountains and Insulated ones, 165

Connection of Chains-Declivities of Mountains,

166

Valleys in the form of Basins,

168

Inclination and level of Valleys-Passes, Defiles, &c.

169

Low Valleys-High and Low Plains, Coasts Steep and Indented,
&c.

170

Coasts formed by Hills Coasts formed by Downs or Flats,

Islands, Flat, and Volcanic-Chains and Groups of Islands,

Chains of Mountains and Divisions of Waters,

Submarine Chains,

171

172

173

174

General directions of the Mountains of the Earth,

Great Chains of the Globe,

General inclination of Continents-Elevation of Mountains,

BOOK VIII.

Continuation of the Theory of Geography-Of the interior

structure of the solid parts of the Earth-Of banks or

shelves, strata, caverns, and veins,

Page

175

176

177

179

Stalactites, Bones, Wells in Caverns-Volcanic Caverns,

183

Basaltic Caverns-Veins,

184

Direction of Veins-Formation-Thickness of Strata,

Order of Supra-Position-Primary and Secondary Strata,

Mountains of the first Order-Reciprocal order of the Primitive

Strata,

185

186

187

Transition Rocks-Mountains of the second Class or Order,

188

Continuation of the Theory of Geography-Of simple sub-

stances which compose the solid part of the Globe. First

Section, Saline, Earthy, and Inflammable substances

Definition of simple and aggregate substances-Classification of

minerals

194

ib.