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and reaching from the beginning of the world to its consummation.1

"Examine now," said he, "this sea that is thus bounded with darkness at both ends, and tell me what thou discoverest in it."

"I see a bridge," said I, "standing in the midst of the tide."

"That bridge thou seest," said he, "is human life: consider it attentively."

Upon a more leisurely survey of it, I found that it consisted of threescore and ten entire arches,2 with several broken arches,3 which, added to those that were entire, made up the number about an hundred. As I was counting the arches, the Genius told me that this bridge consisted at first of a thousand arches; but that a great flood swept away the rest, and left the bridge in the ruinous condition I now beheld it.

"But tell me further," said he, "what thou discoverest on it."

"I see multitudes of people passing over it," said I, "and a black cloud hanging on each end of it.” 5

6

As I looked more attentively, I saw several of the passengers dropping through the bridge into the great tide that flowed underneath it; and, upon further examination, perceived there were innumerable

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trap

5 a black cloud, etc. Explain the allusion.

6 dropping through the bridge; i.e., dying.

7 innumerable. From the Latin noun numerus, number: analyze this word.

doors that lay concealed in the bridge, which the passengers no sooner trod upon but they fell through them into the tide, and immediately disappeared. These hidden pitfalls were set very thick at the entrance of the bridge,2 so that throngs of people no sooner broke through the cloud but many of them fell into them. They grew thinner towards the middle, but multiplied and lay closer together towards the end of the arches that were entire.

There were indeed some persons, but their number was very small, that continued a kind of hobbling 4 march on the broken arches, but fell through one after another, being quite tired and spent with so long a walk.

I passed some time in the contemplation of this wonderful structure, and the great variety of objects which it presented. My heart was filled with a deep melancholy to see several dropping unexpectedly in the midst of mirth and jollity, and catching at every thing that stood by them to save themselves. Some were looking up towards the heavens in a thoughtful posture, and, in the midst of a speculation, stumbled and fell out of sight. Multitudes were very busy in the pursuit of bubbles that glittered in their eyes and danced before them; but often, when they thought themselves within the reach of them, their footing failed, and down they sunk.

1 trap-doors. What are these? 2 at the entrance of the bridge. Express in plain language.

3 broke through the cloud. What stage in life is meant?

4 hobbling. The verb to hobble is a diminutive of to hop. Trace the connection of meaning.

5 bubbles. What are some of these?

In this confusion of objects, I observed some with cimeters in their hands, and others with pill-boxes,2 who ran to and fro upon the bridge, thrusting several persons on trap-doors which did not seem to lie in their way, and which they might have escaped, had they not been thus forced upon them.

The Genius, seeing me indulge myself in this melancholy prospect, told me I had dwelt long enough upon it. "Take thine eyes off the bridge," said he, "and tell me if thou yet seest any thing thou dost not comprehend."

Upon looking up, "What mean," said I, "those great flights of birds that are perpetually hovering about the bridge, and settling upon it from time to time? I see vultures, harpies, ravens, cormorants, and among many other feathered creatures several little winged boys that perch in great numbers upon the middle arches."

"These," said the Genius, "are Envy, Avarice, Superstition, Despair, Love,5 with the like cares and passions that infest human life."

I here fetched a deep sigh. "Alas!" said I, “man was made in vain! How is he given away to misery and mortality, — tortured in life, and swallowed up in death!"

1 some with cimeters; that is, soldiers.

4 melancholy. See Glossary.

5 Envy... Love. What is the

2 others with pill-boxes. Who figure of speech? (See Def. 4.) are these?

3 thrusting . . . trap-doors. A sarcastic suggestion that doctors, equally with soldiers, often put a premature end to human life.

6 fetched... sigh. Change the form of expression.

7 How is he given, etc. What kind of sentence?

8 mortality. Analyze.

The Genius, being moved with compassion towards me, bid me quit so uncomfortable1 a prospect. "Look no more," said he, “on man in the first stage of his existence, in his setting-out for eternity; but cast thine eye on that thick mist into which the tide bears the several generations of mortals that fall into it."

I directed my sight as I was ordered; and (whether or no the good Genius strengthened it with a supernatural force, or dissipated part of the mist that was before too thick for the eye to penetrate) I saw the valley opening at the further end, and spreading forth into an immense ocean that had a huge rock of adamant running through the midst of it, and dividing it into two equal parts. The clouds still rested on one half of it, insomuch that I could discover nothing in it; but the other appeared to me a vast ocean planted with innumerable islands that were covered with fruits and flowers and interwoven with a thousand little shining seas that ran among them.

I could see persons dressed in glorious habits,2 with garlands upon their heads, passing among the trees, lying down by the sides of the fountains, or resting on beds of flowers; and could hear a confused harmony 3 of singing birds, falling waters, human voices, and. musical instruments. Gladness grew in me upon the discovery of so delightful a scene. I wished for the wings of an eagle, that I might fly away to those happy seats; but the Genius told me that there was no pas

1 uncomfortable. Analyze. 2 habits, garments.

3 confused harmony. Explain. 4 seats, regions.

sage to them, except through the gates of death that I saw opening every moment upon the bridge.

"The islands," said he, "that lie so fresh and green before thee, and with which the whole face of the ocean appears spotted as far as thou canst see, are more in number than the sands on the seashore. There are myriads of islands behind those which thou here discoverest, reaching further than thine eye or even thine imagination can extend itself. These are the mansions of good men after death, who, according to the degree and kinds of virtue in which they excelled, are distributed among these several islands, which abound with pleasures of different kinds and degrees, suitable to the relishes1 and perfections of those who are settled in them.2 Every island is a paradise3 accommodated to its respective inhabitants. Are not these, O Mirza, habitations worth contending for? Does life appear

miserable, that gives the opportunities of earning such a reward?4 Is death to be feared, that will convey thee to so happy an existence? Think not man was made in vain, who has such an eternity reserved for him!" 5

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I gazed with inexpressible pleasure on these happy islands. At length said I, "Show me now, I beseech thee, the secrets that lie hid under those dark clouds which cover the ocean on the other side of the rock

1 relishes, tastes.

2 These ..

sentence.

3 paradise. use, page 122.

4 Does life, etc. What kind of them. Analyze this sentence grammatically? 5 Think not, etc. What kind of

Compare with its sentence?

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