ART. 74. MULTIPLICATION OF UNITED STATES MONEY.

RULE.-Multiply as in multiplication of simple numbers.

The product will be in the lowest denomination in the question, which must be pointed off as in reduction of United States money. (Art. 71.)

Proof. The proof is the same as in multiplication of simple

numbers.

3. What will 165 gallons of molasses cost at $0.27 a gallon?

Ans. $44.55.

4. Sold 73 tons of timber at $5.68 a ton; what was the amount?

Ans. $414.64.

5. What will 43 rakes cost at $0.17 apiece?

Ans. $7.31.

6. What will 19 bushels of salt cost at $1.62,5 per bushel ?

Ans. $30.87,5.

7. What will 47 acres of land cost at $37.75 per acre?

Ans. $1774.25.

8. What will 19 dozen penknives cost at $0.37,5 apiece?

Ans. $85.50.

9. What is the value of 17 chests of souchong tea, each weighing 59 pounds, at $0.67 per pound? 10. When 19 cords of wood are sold what is the amount?

Ans. $672.01. at $5.63 per cord,

Ans. $106.97. 11. A merchant sold 18 barrels of pork, each weighing 200 pounds, at 12 cents 5 mills a pound; what did he receive? Ans. $450.

QUESTIONS. — Art. 74. How do you arrange the multiplicand and multiplier in multiplication of United States money? How multiply? Of what denomination is the product? How must it be pointed off? Repeat the rule.

12. What cost 132 tons of hay at $12.12,5 per ton?

Ans. $1600.50.

13. A farmer sold one lot of land, containing 187 acres, at $37.50 per acre; another lot, containing 89 acres, at $137.37) per acre; and another lot, containing 57 acres, at $89.29 per acre; what was the amount received for the whole?

Ans. $24,327.96.

ART. 75. DIVISION OF UNITED STATES MONEY.

RULE.

·Divide as in division of simple numbers.

The quotient will be in the lowest denomination of the dividend, which must be pointed off as in reduction of United States money. (Art. 71.)

NOTE. When the dividend consists of dollars only, and is either smaller than the divisor or not divisible by it without a remainder, reduce it to a lower denomination by annexing two or three ciphers, as the case may require, and the quotient will be cents or mills accordingly.

Proof. The proof is the same as in division of simple numbers.

Divisor 59)9 0.27 (1.5 3 Quotient. Divisor 68) 17.00 (0.25 Quotient.

Ans. $137.37.

3. If 89 acres of land cost $12225.93, what is the value of 1 acre? 4. When 19 yards of cloth are sold for $106.97, what should be paid for 1 yard ? Ans. $5.63.

QUESTIONS. Art. 75. How do you arrange the dividend and divisor in division of United States money? How divide? Of what denomination is the quotient? How pointed off? How do you proceed when the dividend is dollars only, and is either smaller than the divisor or not divisible by it without a remainder? Repeat the rule.

5. Gave $22.50 for 18 barrels of apples; what was paid for 1 barrel? For 5 barrels ? For 10 barrels ?

Ans. $20 for all.

6. Bought 153 pounds of tea for $90.27; what was it per pound?

Ans. $0.59. 7. A merchant purchased a bale of cloth, containing 73 yards, for $414.64; what was the cost of 1 yard?

Ans. $5.68. 8. If 126 pounds of butter cost $16.38, what will 1 pound cost? Ans. $0.13. 9. If 63 pounds of tea cost $58.59, what will 1 pound cost? Ans. $0.93.

10. If 76 cwt. of beef cost $249.28, what will 1 cwt. cost?

Ans. $3.28.

Ans. $4.68.

11. If 96,000 feet of boards cost $1120.32, what will a thousand feet cost? Ans. $11.67. 12. Sold 169 tons of timber for $790.92; what was received for 1 ton? 13. When 369 tons of potash are sold for $48910.95, what is received for 1 ton? Ans. $132.55. 14. For 19 cords of wood I paid $109.25; what was paid for 1 cord? Ans. $5.75.

PRACTICAL QUESTIONS BY ANALYSIS.

ART. 76. ANALYSIS is an examination of a question by resolving it into its parts, in order to consider them separately, and thus render each step in the solution plain and intelligible.

ART. 77. The price of one pound, yard, bushel, &c., being. given, to find the price of any quantity.

RULE.-Multiply the price by the quantity.

Ex. 1. If 1 ton of hay cost $12, what will 29 tons cost?

Ans. $348. ILLUSTRATION Since 1 ton costs $12, 29 tons will cost 29 times as much: $12 × 29

$348.

2. If 1 bushel of salt cost 93 cents, what will 40 bushels cost? What will 97 bushels cost? Ans. $90.21.

QUESTIONS. Art. 77. The price of 1 pound, &c., being given, how do you find the price of any quantity? Give the reason for this rule.

Ans. $29.70.

3. If 1 bushel of apples cost $1.65, what will 5 bushels cost? What will 18 bushels cost? 4. If 1 ton of clay cost $0.67, what will 7 tons cost? What will 63 tons cost? Ans. $42.21. 5. When $7.83 are paid for 1 cwt. of sugar, what will 12 cwt. cost? What will 93 cwt. cost? Ans. $728.19. 6. When $0.09 are paid for 1 lb. of beef, what will 12 lb. cost? What will 760 lb. cost? Ans. $68.40. 7. A gentleman paid $38.37 for 1 acre of land; what was the cost of 20 acres. What would 144 acres cost?

Ans. $5525.28. 8. Paid $6.83 for 1 barrel of flour; what was the value of 9 barrels? What must be paid for 108 barrels ?

Ans. $737.64.

ART. 78. The price of any quantity, and the quantity being given, to find the price of a unit of that quantity.

RULE.-Divide the price by the quantity.

9. If 15 bushels of corn cost $10.35, what will 1 bushel cost? Ans. $0.69. ILLUSTRATION. Since 15 bushels cost $10.35, 1 bushel will cost as many cents as 15 is contained times in $10.35: $10.35 ÷ 15 = $0.69.

Ans. $8100.

10. Bought 65 barrels of flour for $422.50; what cost one barrel? What cost 15 barrels ? Ans. $97.50. 11. For 45 acres of land a farmer paid $2025; what cost 1 acre? What 180 acres? 12. For 5 pairs of gloves a lady paid $3.45; what cost 1 pair? What cost 11 pairs? Ans: $7.59. 13. If 11 tons of hay cost $214.50, what will 1 ton cost? What will 87 tons cost? Ans. $1696.50.

14. When $60 are paid for 8 dozen of arithmetics, what will 1 dozen cost? What will 87 dozen cost? Ans. $652.50. 15. Gave $5.58 for 9 bushels of potatoes; what will 1 bushel cost? What will 43 bushels cost? Ans. $26.66. 16. Bought 5 tons of hay for $85; what would 1 ton cost? What would 97 tons cost? Ans. $1649.

QUESTIONS.-Art. 78. How do you find the price of 1 pound, &c., the price of any quantity and the quantity being given? What is the reason for this rule?

17. If J. Ladd will sell 20 lb. of butter for $3.80, what should he charge for 59 lb.? Ans. $11.21.

18. Sold 27 acres of land for $472.50; what was the price of 1 acre? What should be given for 12 acres? Ans. $210. 19. Paid $39.69 for 7 cords of wood; what will 1 cord cost? What will 57 cords cost? Ans. $323.19. what was the price

20. Paid $10.08 for 144 lb. of pepper; of 1 pound? What cost $359 lb. ?

Ans. $25.13.

Ans. $32.31.

21. Paid $77.13 for 857 lb. of rice; what cost 1 lb.? What cost 359 lb. ? 22. J. Johnson paid $187.53 for 987 gal. of molasses; what cost 1 gal.? What cost 329 gal. ?

Ans. $62.51.

23. For 47 bushels of salt J. Ingersoll paid $26.32; what cost 1 bushel? What cost 39 bushels?

Ans. $21.84.

ART. 79. The price of any quantity and the price of a unit of that quantity being given, to find the quantity.

RULE. required.

Divide the whole price by the price of a unit of the quantity

24. If I expend $150 for coal at $6 per ton, how many tons can I purchase? Ans. 25 tons.

ILLUSTRATION.

Since I pay $6 for 1 ton, I can purchase as many tons with $150 as $6 is contained times in $150: $150 ÷ $6 =25; therefore I can purchase 25 tons.

25. At $5 per ream, how many reams of paper can be bought for $175 ? Ans. 35 reams. 26. At $7.50 per barrel, how many barrels of flour can be obtained for $217.50 ? Ans. 29 barrels. 27. At $75 per ton, how many tons of iron can be purchased for $4875? Ans. 65 tons.

28. At $4 per yard, how many yards of cloth can be bought for $1728? Ans. 432 yards. 29. How many hundred weight of hay can be bought for $9.66, if $0.69 are paid for 1 hundred weight? Ans. 14 hundred weight. 30. If $66.51 are paid for flour at $7.39 per barrel, how many barrels can be bought? Ans. 9 barrels. 31. Paid $136.50 for wood, at $3.25 per cord; how many cords did I buy?

Ans. 42 cords.

QUESTIONS.-Art. 79. How do you find the quantity, the price of 1 pound, &c., being given? Give the reason for the rule.