spondeo; circum and do; con and sto; con and disco; ex and posco; con and curro; ob and cedo.

138. Compare the following: adolescens, novus, egenus, dives, diligens, leviter, diu. What is the quantity of final is, us, ys?

139. Decline respublica, ambo, æs, mœnia, os, lacus, deus.

140. Classify the tenses, and illustrate the rule for sequence of tenses by examples.

141. How is the place to which, at which, from which, expressed in Latin? 142. What is meant by the Locative case (or form)? With what case is it usually identical in form? Write the locative of Karthago, Athenæ, Roma. Explain the following: Albæ constituerunt in urbe munita (see § 46, 2 b).

143. Give examples of Inceptive and Diminutive verbs, and the rule for their formation.

144. How is the time how long, the time when, the time within which, an event occurs, expressed?

145. Explain the mode of reckoning time used by the Romans. Express in Latin, May 2, 7, 16; January 4, 9, 25. Give a rule for converting English dates into Latin and Latin into English.

146. What cases following peto, in, sub, pœnitet, utor, indigeo, do, post, similis, proximus, propior?

147. Classify Conditional sentences. Write the different forms in Latin, using the following sentence: if he does this, it is well Write each form of particular suppositions after the word dixit, making the necessary changes to convert it into the indirect discourse.

148. Give a synopsis of the present stem in both voices of capio, fero, audio, veho.

149. Decline together aula ampla, ipse tu, gravis idem senex. When is is final long?

150. In a negative final or consecutive clause would you use ne quis or non ullus?

151. Explain the use of cum temporal and cum causal.

152. In final clauses, how is the tense of the subjunctive determined? 153. How is the want of a perfect active participle supplied in Latin ?

154. Illustrate the use of the infinitive in indirect discourse by using the following sentences: he says that he is writing; he says that he was writing; he says that he has written; he says that he will write; he said that he was writing, etc.

155. Write two intermediate clauses, in one of which the subjunctive is used, and one the indicative.

156. In how many ways may a purpose be expressed in Latin? Illustrate by examples.

157. Mention the different kinds of Substantive Clauses. Explain the following post ejus mortem nihilo minus Helvetii id, quod constituerant, facere, conantur, ut e finibus suis exeant.

158. Distinguish between the use of ille, iste, and hic. When is final a long?

159. Mention some deponent verbs whose perfect participle is used in a passive sense.

160. Decline (marking the quantity of the penultimate and final syllables) littera, donum, nostra domus, genus, litus, scelus.

161. How is a Wish conceived as possible expressed? How a hopeless wish? Illustrate by examples.

162. What perfect participles are used in the sense of a present? How is the place of the present passive participle supplied ?

163. What is the distinction in the use of the interrogatives quis, qui; quid, quod?

164. What is the potential subjunctive? The optative subjunctive ? 165. When do Causal sentences take the subjunctive? What are indefinite relatives? What mood do they generally take?

166. What verbs govern two accusatives?

167. Explain the use of the gerund and gerundive; examples. What is the use of the gerundive in connection with curo, loco, trado?

168. Give the principal parts of venio, curro, disco, vinco, vincio, rapio. 169. How is a Question asked in Latin? Give examples, using different interrogative particles. How is the answer expressed?

170. Give examples of the use of ut and ne after verbs of fearing. 171. Distinguish between non nemo and nemo non; translate nemo non audiet.

172. Decline and give the gender of insula, hortus, sanguis, frons, vulgus, sal, lapis, templum, animal, gens, finis, nox, fides, arcus.

173. What is meant by elision, ellipsis, arsis, hiatus, stanza, foot,

metre?

174. Explain the following: casural pause, catalectic, synapheia.

175. Mark the quantity of the vowels in the following words, to which the rules apply (give the rules): amare, regitur, auditur, monetur, datum, juvi, tuli, didici, occido, nego, nequam.

EXAMINATION PAPERS.

The following have been used, in past years, in examinations for admission to Harvard College.

I.

1. Give the gender of each of the following nouns, and the rule for it: pax, pactio, manus, salus, ager, pes.

2. Decline the following nouns, marking the quantity of the penultimate and final syllables in each form: filius, iter, domus, dies.

3. Decline solus, fortis, idem, quidam. Compare ingens, similis, sacer. Give the meaning of the following endings of nouns and adjectives: -ula (cornicula), -ium (ministerium), -etum (saxetum), -rcius (patricius).

4. Give the principal parts of the verbs fundo, veto, verto, voveo, sancio, cœdo. Give the third person singular of the present subjunctive active and of the future indicative passive of veto, verto, and sancio. Inflect the imperfect subjunctive passive of facio, and the future indicative active of

transeo.

5. By what cases respectively are these words followed: occurro, condemno, sub, fruor, doceo, noceo?

II.

1. Write down the following words and mark the quantity of the penult, giving the rules of prosody: tempora, responderunt, dederint, discedo, iniquus, oceanus, remanet, egi, impedit, manus, brevis, cervices, protulit, nolite, vectigal.

2. Meaning of termination: -etum in rosetum? Of -olus in filiolus? Of -ax in loquax? Of -mentum in tegumentum ?

3. Write the perfects and supines of diligo, reperio, maneo, perfundo, indulgeo, cedo, cædo, cado, moveo, cognosco.

4. Compare acer, bene, magnus, similis, gravis.

5. Give the present subjunctive and future indicative, third person singular, of sum, cerno, eo, malo, caveo, venio.

6. Decline aliquis, alter, ipse.

7. What is the Latin for five? for fifth? for five times? for fifty? fiflieth? fifty times? Write in Latin, one man in every ten.

III.

1. Decline soror, vir, vis, vulnus, animal. Give the gender of each of these nouns, with the rule. Mark the quantity of all the penultimate and final syllables you write in this section. Give the genitive plural of gens and hostis, with rules.

2. Decline sacer, acer, alius. Compare similis, superus, parvus, juvenis. Form and compare adverbs from acer, altus. Decline idem, tu, aliquis. Give the Latin numerals for sixty, seventy, eighty, six hundred, seven hundred, eight hundred.

3. Give the principal parts of vinco, vincio, spondeo, domo, lacesso, caedo, audeo. All the participles and infinitives of adipiscor and fero. The second person singular of the future indicative and of the imperfect subjunctive of audeo, audio, fugio, eo, possum, volo. Mark all the penultimate and final syllables you write in this section.

4. Ilow is the price or value expressed in Latin? time in which? place where ? What case or cases follow the verbs miseret, obliviscor, ignosco, fungor, rogo, respectively?

5. What is a spondee? An iambus? What is an heroic hexameter ?

IV.

1. Decline dens, alius, tu, si quis, and audax, marking the quantity of penultimate and final syllables. Compare audax, multus, and nequam. Compare adverbs formed from audax, bonus, miser, and honorificus. Give the rule for the gender of formido, caput, pax, fas, and Tiberis.

2. Inflect the future indicative and present subjunctive of teneo, gero, sto, and fio, marking the quantity of all the syllables. Give the infinitives of tollo and scribo. Give all the participles of haurio and orior. Give the principal parts of uro, vendo, paro, pario, pareo, memini, and nanciscor.

3. What case or cases follow fido, jubeo, memini, existimo, poenitet, contra, clam, and the interjection O? By what two cases may price or value be expressed, and when is one used, and when the other? What case follows the comparative when quam is omitted? When is it necessary that quam be expressed? Give five important rules for the ablative without a preposition after verbs.

4. When is ut omitted before the subjunctive? Give the rules for the subjunctive in relative clauses. Translate into Latin the plan of setting the city on fire, using first the gerund and then the gerundive. (Plan, concilium, to set on fire, inflammare.)

V.

1. Decline mare, pignus, cor, fructus. Give the gender of these nouns, with the rules. Mark the quantity of any increments that occur in their declension.

2. Compare humilis, niger, malus. Give the synopsis of morior and gaudeo. Give the second person of the future indicative, and of the present imperfect and perfect subjunctive of spero, fero, volo, in the active voice. The same of facio and audio in the passive. Give the principal parts of fateor, tono, peto, vincio, colo, tango.

3. Compare diu. Form and compare an adverb from brevis. What are the meanings of the terminations of copiosus, civilis, audacia, victrix ? What cases follow infero, poenitet, parco, careo, fruor, tenax, fretus, in, ante, super?

4. How is the place to which, the price, the agent of a passive verb, expressed in Latin?

5. How is a condition contrary to the fact expressed in Latin? State one case in which a relative clause requires the subjunctive. One case where the subjunctive is used in principal clauses. What is a gerundive? Give an example.

VI.

1. Decline Penelope, mons, cubile, and give the gender, with the rule. Mark the quantity of penults and final syllables of the above words. Decline uterque. Decline acer, and compare it. Form an adverb from it, and compare it.

2. Compare senex and munificus. Give the derivation of filiolus, documentum, quercetum, audax, capesso, and the meaning of the terminations. Give all the participles and infinitives of vereor and caedo, and mark the quantity of the penults. Inflect the imperatives of fero, ordior, nolo, fateor Give the present and imperfect subjunctive, first person singular, of adjuvo, eo, soleo, and fugio, marking the quantity of the penults. Give the principal parts of pario, pareo, paro, reddo, redeo, surgo, and the compounds of ab and fero.

3. What case or cases follow refert, irascor, circumdo? How do the constructions of names of towns differ from those of other words? How is the degree of difference expressed in Latin? How the agent of the participle in -dus? What construction is used after verbs of saying? verbs of fearing? How may a purpose be expressed? How does a gerund resemble a noun ? How does it resemble a verb? How does the gerundive differ from it?

VII.

1. Decline the following words, and give their genders respectively: onus, collis, salus, gradus. Decline felix, quidam, senex. Compare parvus, beneficus. Form and compare an adverb from acer.

2. Give the synopsis of mordeo, scio, in the active voice, and of hortor, orior, polliceor, nolo. Give the principal parts of paro, pario, pareo, ulciscor, pango, tollo.