Cloth Measure. 43. Reduce 6324 yds. 3qrs. 3na. to nails. 45. What will 54 yds. 3qrs. O na. of cloth cost, at 124cts. an inch? 44. How many yards in 101199 nails? 46. If I buy cloth to the amount of $246 371, at the rate of 123 cts per inch, how many yards do I buy? Wine Measure. 47. In 5 tuns, how many quarts? 48. In 5040 quarts, how many tuns? 50. How much wine can 49. What will be the cost of 8 hhds. of wine, at $0,05 be bought for $201,60, at 5 per pint? cents per pint? Ale, or Beer Measure. 51. What will 40 hhds. of 52. How much beer can beer cost, at $0,02 per pint ? be bought for $345,60, at 2 61. How many minutes in 62. In 5303925 minutes, 10 yrs. 30 days, 13 hrs. 45m. ? how many years? 63. How many seconds 64. In 219326400 seconds, from May 1st, 1830, to April how many years? 12th, 1837? 65. Alexander the Great 66. In 1140807240 minascended the throne 332 yrs. utes, how before the Christian era. How many minutes from that many years? period to 1837 ? SUPPLEMENT TO REDUCTION. Ans. $1603. 1. How many dollars in £480, 18s.? Answer, 8875 and 5d. 3. How many times will a regular clock strike in 400 years? Answer, 22776000. 4. A man sold four trees standing in the forest, measuring as follows: 6 tons, 5 tons, 4 tons, 3 tons; at 12 cts. per foot. What was their value? Answer, $92,50. 5. A man buys 20 tons of hay at 45 cts. per cwt. He pays a man 62 cts. a day for himself, and 50 cts. for his team. It takes him 6 days to cart it. How much does the hay cost him? Answer, $186,75. 6. How many plank one foot wide will it take to cover a bridge 60 rods in length, and 2 rods wide, and what will it cost at 20 cents per hund. feet? { Ans. 999 plank. $65,34 cost. 7. If a boy be paid for wheeling a bushel of apples over said bridge 1 mill for every revolution of the wheel, which is 5 feet in circumference, how much does he receive? Answer, 19 cts. 8m. 8. What will 2 tons of molasses amount to at 6 cents a Answer, $252. pint? 9. A Vermonter, being in Boston, 80 miles from home, sold his dog and returned. At 6 o'clock the following night the dog left his new master, and at 6 o'clock the next morning stood at the door of his former master. How many steps did he take of 8 inches each? 10. What will the plastering of a room, 15 feet square, the walls 9 feet high, amount to, at 23 cts. a square yard, deducting for 2 doors, 7 feet by 3, and two windows, 5 feet by 3. Answer, $17,71. 11. How much time would a person lose in 20 years, by lying in bed hour later every day than he ought? Answer, 152 days, 4 hours, 30 minutes. 12. How many cords of wood would a man draw in 6 weeks, drawing 4 loads a day, and 6 cord feet at a load? Answer, 117 cords. 13. A merchant failing in trade, owes A £15, 7s. 9d.; B £69, 11s. 6d. ; C £102, 16s., 11d.; D £41, 19s. 10d.; E £139, 17s. 5d. His whole estate is valued at £300. Answer, £69, 13s. 5d. 14. How many shingles will cover the roof of a factory 100 feet in length, one side of the roof being 40 feet in width, if 4 shingles in width cover 2 feet in length, and 2 courses make a foot? Answer, 32,000. 15. How many boxes, each 12 lbs., can be filled from a hogshead of sugar containing 73 cwt. Answer, 70. 16. In 46 bales of cloth, each containing 24 pieces, and each piece 42 ells Flemish, how many yards? Answer, 34776 yards. 17. The sun travels through 6 signs of the zodiac in half a year? How many degrees, minutes and seconds? Answer, 180 deg., 10800 m., 648000 sec. 18. How many English crowns, at 6s. 8d. each, in 10 English guineas, at 28s. each, and 24 pistoles, at 22s. each? Answer, 121c. 1s. 4d. 19. The forward wheels of a waggon are 143 feet in circumference, and the hind wheels 15 feet. How many more times will the forward wheels turn round than the hind wheels, in running from Concord to Boston, the distance being 60 miles? Ans., 1734, rejecting fractions. COMPOUND ADDITION. 1. A boy bought a slate for 4d., a book for 8d. What did both cost? Answer, Is. 2. If I buy one book for 2s. 4d., another for 4s. 8d., what do I pay for both? Answer, 7s. 3. If a boy pay 4s. 8d. for a sled, and 5s. for a waggon, what does he pay for both? Answer, 9s. 8d. 4. How many shillings in 4d. 8d. 9d. 3d. 6d. ? Ans. 2s. 6d. 5. How many pounds are 8s. 7s. 4s. 3s. 9s. 5s. 6. How many yards are 3 feet, 4 feet, 5 feet, 6 feet? £1, 16s. Answer, 6 yards. 7. Bought two pieces of cloth, one 10 yards, 1 foot, the other 12 yards, 2 feet. What was the length of both pieces? Answer, 23 yards. 8. What is the amount of £1, 4s. 2d. 3grs., and £10, 8s. 3d. and 2 grs.? Answer, £11, 12s. 6d. 1gr. 9. Add £4, 5s. 6d. 3grs., and £5, 17s. 7d. 2grs. Operation. 4 5 63 5 17 In adding the first column, or column of farthings, we find the amount to be 5 farthings. Now as 4 farthings are equal to 1 penny,we write the 1 farthing over, in the line of farthings, and carry the 1 penny to the column of pence. One to 7 is 8, and 6 10 3 2 1 Ans. are 14d. In 14d. there is 1 shilling, and 2 pence over, which we write in the column of pence, carrying the Is. to the column of shillings. One added to 17 is 18 and 5 are 23. In 23 shillings there is £1, and 3s. over, which we write in the column of shillings, and carry 1 to the column of pounds. From the foregoing questions and illustration we derive the following Definition and Rules. COMPOUND ADDITION Is the adding of numbers of different denominations. By different denominations is meant a different name—as shillings, pence, farthings, &c. Were the numbers given to be added, all pence, or all farthings, it would be but one denomination. RULE. 1. Write numbers of the same denomination directly under each other, pounds under pounds, shillings under shillings, &c. 2. Begin to add at the right hand column, observing to carry one for as many in that column as make one in the next left hand column. Proof—the same as in addition of simple numbers. EXAMPLES. 1. Bought 4 books at the following prices, viz.: £1, 4s. 6d. ; £2, 3s. 8d.; £2, 19s. 11d.; 2s. 3d. 2qr. To what did they amount? Answer, £6, 10s. 4d. 2qr. 2. Add the following numbers: £46, 26s. 7d. 3qr.; £49,18s.5d. 1qr.; £57, 17s. 9d. 2qr.; £102, 19s. 10d. İqr. Answer, £258, 2s. 8d. 3qr. 3. Add $286, 12c. 6m.; $347, 20c. 4m.; $119, 18c. 7m; $542, 93c. 9m.; $314, 89c. 1m. Ans. $1610, 34c. 7m. QUESTIONS. 1. What is Compound Addition? 2. Rule? 3. What is meant by different denominations? |