pilius, tertius Tullus Hostilius, quartus Ancus Martius, quintus Tarquinius Priscus, sextus Servius Tullius, septimus Tarquinius Superbus. 10. Păter pueris bīnos libros dăbit. 11. Quota hōra est? Tertia. 12. Frater meus agit (is in) annum quartum et vīcēsĭmum.

1 Learn § 94 (cardinals), with a, b, c, d, and e; also the method of forming the ordinals, distributives, and numeral adverbs, §§ 95,

96.

2 See § 94, e.

8 Two books apiece.

SYN.

- Litera, a letter of the alphabet; epistola, or literae (pl.), a letter, an epistle; literae also signifies letters, i. e. literature; humanitas, refinement, culture, civilization.

Translate into Latin.

1. The boy has six books. 2. The men have ten apples. 3. Fifty boys are in the school. 4. In the city are ten thousand soldiers. 5. One year has three hundred and sixty-five days. 6. How many days have five years? 7. Five years have eighteen hundred and twenty-five days. 8. Cæsar will come with ten vessels. 9. The consul has sixty vessels. 10. Cæsar leads out five legions from Italy. 11. The commander was assaulting the town with an army of ten thousand men. 12. The town is six miles distant. 13. They demand six hundred talents. 14. The master gave the boys three books apiece. 15. What (quota) o'clock (hour) is it? The fifth. 16. The boy is in his tenth year. 17. My father is in his sixty-second year.

LESSON XXIII.

PERSONAL PRONOUNS. § 98.1

Translate into English.

11.

1. Ego voco. 2. Tu vŏcas. 3. Amicus vocat. 4. Nos narrāmus. 5. Vos sălūtātis. 6. Ego fleo. 7. Tu rīdēs. 8. Nōs sumus potentes, sed vōs estis potentiores. 9. Tu és tristis. 10. Romulus vi2 se defendit. Omnes homines sẽ ămant. 12. In mē ět in tē et in nobis omnibus est ănĭmus immortalis. 13. Fratres sē ǎmant.3 14. Tū laudas mē, sed ego te culpo. 15. Pueri in horto nobiscum 4 ambulabunt. 16. Ego et frāter ambŭlamus.5 17. Ego scribebam, tu legebas, et frater pingebat.

1 Learn § 98, b, c, and d; § 99, a, b, d, and e; §§ 195 and 196; § 194 and a; § 206, a; also § 348, 6.

2 See § 61.

3 The brothers love each other.

* See § 99, e.

5 If there are two subjects connected by and, the verb is generally plural; if the subjects are of different persons, the verb takes the first person rather than the second, the second rather than the third. § 205, a.

Translate into Latin.

1. I play, thou playest, the friend plays. 2. We play, you play, the friends play. 3. We were praising, you were praising. 4. The men were praising the boys. 5. He comes in company with you. 6. He comes in company with us. 7. I give (to) you the book. 8. I will praise you. 9. You will praise me. 10. The boys will love each other. 11. We all love you. 12.

The boy was walking with me in the garden yesterday. 13. My brother and I were walking in the king's garden. 14. You are reading, but I am writing.

LESSON XXIV.

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. § 100.1

Translate into English.

1. Illi virum laudant. 2. Hoc bellum est saevissimum. 3. Hujus discipuli diligentiam laudo. 4. Hic puer diligens est, ille îners. 5. Vastae in iis locis solitudines ĕrant. 6. Aqua eos in sicco (dry land) relinquit. 7. Illi acriter pugnant. 8. Is ōrabat pŏpůlum. 9. Ille sōlus mē laudabat. 10. Fratres sẽ ămabant. 11. Ipse tu mē laudabas. 12. Ego ipse te laudabam. 13. Ipse măgister me laudabit. 14. Ille puer nimium sẽ ămat. 15. Laudabo illius 2 filium. 16. Est idem, qui semper fuit. 17. Eădem dictĭtat. 18. Păter filiam suam et filiam ejus ad se vocabat. 19. Haec sententia mihi plăcet, illa displicet. 20. Multi homines

3

de eisdem rebus eodem die 5 nōn eădem sentiunt.

1 Learn §§ 100, 101, 102, with a, b, c, d, and e; also § 195.

2 For his or her (not referring to the subject), ejus should be used when not emphatic; illius, if the word is emphatic; istius, if very emphatic or at all sarcastic.

1. I1 give you this book, and you give me that. 2. The boy is in that place.

3. The soldiers are in that 2

9. Those

10. Cæsar

town, and the enemy in this. 4. There was a bridge over (in) that river. 5. He hastens across this river into that cottage. 6. These mountains are lofty. 7. You yourself will give me this book. 8. In the same places (there) are many new buildings. mountains are lofty; these are rugged. hastened with all his forces to the same place. 11. The king himself leads his army. 12. On this side of these mountains (there) are many large rivers. 13. I myself will praise you. 14. This man praised me; but that (one) blamed me. 15. We say the same things. 1 Ego must be expressed, because contrast is denoted. 2 Ille refers to what is remote; hic, to what is near. a and b.

See § 102,

LESSON XXV.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS. § 103.

PERFECT AND PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE. § 128-132.

Translate into English.

6.

1. Laudavi, exercui, duxi, ērŭdīvi. 2. Laudavit, exercuit, duxit, ērūdīvit. 3. Lauda(vi)sti,2 exercuisti, duxisti, erudi(vi)sti. 4. Lauda(ve)ram, exercueram, duxeram, erudi(v)ěram. 5. Lauda(ve)rat, exercuerat, duxerat, erudi(v)ĕrat. Puer, qui studet, discit.3 Fēlix est is rex, quem omnes cīves ămant. 7. Rex Nămĭtōri, qui natu1 major ĕrat, regnum reliquit. 8. Multi homines aedificavērunt domos, in quibus nōn hăbitaverunt.

1 Learn §§ 103, 104, a and e; also § 180, f; § 115, c, and § 198. 2 See § 128, a. 3 See § 124, c.

• See § 253.

5 See § 91,

b.

Translate into Latin.

4. We

5. The

1. We have praised, we have exercised, we have led, we have instructed. 2. They have praised, they have exercised, they have led, they have instructed. 3. They had praised, they had exercised, they had led. had praised, we had exercised, we had led. boy whom you have blamed was my brother. 6. The soldiers who have assaulted the town have repulsed the enemy. 7. The deserter hastened across the mountains which are in Farther Gaul, and came at evening 2 to Cæsar's camp. 8. The man has built a house in which he has not lived. 9. I have boys in my school who have studied diligently and fearned rapidly.

1. Lauda(vě)ro, exercuero, duxero, erudi(v)ĕro. 2. Lauda(v)ĕrit, exercuerit, duxerit, erudi(v)ĕrit. 3. Quis me vocat? 4. Quis scribit has literas? 5. Quid ǎgo? 6. Quod carmen legis? 7. Quis tibi hunc librum dědit? 8. Cum epistolam scripsero, ad te věniam.

1 Learn § 104, with a; also § 171, with a, b, c, and d; § 115, a, 1.