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Phædrus consents, pointing to a lofty plane-tree as a proper place; and observing, that as both had their feet naked, it would not be disagreeable to wet them, especially at that time of the year and day. The conversation changes to a local story, that Boreas had carried off Orithyia, daughter of Erectheus, as she was sporting by the Ilissus, not by the fountain, but two or three stadia lower down, where was the crossing over to go to the temple of Diana Agræa, and where was the altar of Boreas. On their arrival at the chosen spot, Socrates admires it, like a stranger, or one rarely stirring out of the city into the hilly country round about. He praises the large and tall tree; the thicket of Agnus Castus, high and shady, then in full flower and fragrant; the cool delicious fountain running near, with the girls by it, and the images, which made it seem a temple of the Nymphs and Achelous; the grateful and sweet air; the shrill summer-chorus of locusts; and the elegance of verdure, prepared, as it were, to meet the reclining head.

The vicinity of Enneacrunus has ceased to deserve encomiums, like those bestowed on it by Socrates, since it has been deprived of the waste water of the fountain, which chiefly nourished the herbage and the plane-tree. The marble facing and the images are removed; and the place is now dry, except a pool at the foot of the rock, down which the Ilissus commonly trickles. The water, which overflows after rain, is used by a currier, and is often offensive. The church in this dell occupies, it is probable, the site of the altar of the Muses, to whom, among other deities, the Ilissus was sacred. One lower down stands perhaps where Boreas had an

altar. This god was believed to have assisted the Athenians in the Persian war, and was on that account honoured with a temple. By the Ilissus Codrus was slain.

CHAP. XVII.

THE MUSEUM-MONUMENT OF PHILOPAPPUS-SEPULCHRES -THE CIMONIAN SEPULCHRES-THE EMINENCE FRONTING THE ACROPOLIS.

FOLLOWING the course of the Ilissus from Enneacrunus, you have the theatre of Bacchus and the Odeum at a distance on the right hand. The intermediate plain, which made part of the Ceramicus within the city, has in several places the scattered stones and rubbish of its former edifices. By the bed of the river are some masses of brickwork and traces of building", with a solitary church founded on a small rock. Farther on is the mountainous range lying before the Acropolis, of which the portion next to the Ilissus was called the Museum, and was said to have received its name from Musæus, a disciple of Orpheus, who, it was related, sung, and, dying of old age, was buried there. The summit was fortified by Antigonus and his son Demetrius Poliorcetes ; but a small body of the Athenians succeeded in an attempt to scale, and expelled the garrison of Macedonians. The path of the wall, which ascended

a the theatre of Bacchus and the Odeum] the Odeum and the theatre of Bacchus. R.

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are some masses of brickwork and traces of building,] remains of the city-walls. R.

the hill, may be seen, when the ground is free from corn and herbage.

66

66

Pausanias informs us, that a monument had been erected on the Museum for a Syrian 3, but conceals his name. A part of it is still extant, with inscriptions. The ruin is of white marble, a portion of a semicircle, the convex side toward the Piræus. It consists of two niches, and on the left was a third, which, it is supposed, completed the symmetry of the structure. In the first niche on the right is a statue sedent; and underneath, an inscription in Greek, King Antiochus, son of king Antiochus." In the middle niche is another statue and inscription, Philopappus1, son of Antiochus Epiphanes, of Bisa.” This place was one of the demi, or towns of the tribe Antiochis, which had its name from king Antiochus, who had been a great benefactor to the Athenians. These were the ancestors of the person, who, it is probable, filled the third niche. He is recorded on a pilaster between the two statues in a Latin inscription, which, it has been conjectured, was continued on the pilaster now missing. His name was Caius Julius Antiochus Philopappus, and he lived under Trajan. The posterity of king Antiochus were removed by Pompey to Rome, and reduced to the rank of citizens. The Syrian of Pausanias, it is supposed, was this Philopappus, one of his descendants. From the inscription it appears that he attained to the dignity of consul; but, as he is not

S

Pausanias, p. 24.

by the LXX.

p. 629.

See a comment on this passage in Daniel
Rome, 1772. The author of the disserta-

tion makes Musæus to have been Moses, and Moses the Syrian here mentioned.

Son of Antiochus, last king of Syria. R.

registered in the consular tables, it is most likely that he was only designed, and did not survive to take the chair. The emperor is styled in the inscription OPTVMVS, which title was not bestowed on him before the year of Christ 115". On the basement beneath the pilaster is a bold relievo representing a person in a chariot drawn by four horses, preceded by attendants, and followed by Victory; the figures as large as life. The soil beneath is washed away, and the bare rock with the substruction is visible; the spectator standing some feet below the intended level. Near it is rubbish of a church. We employed an old Albanian to watch nightly on our scaffold, to prevent the ropes from being pilfered.

In the side of the rock of the Museum, next to the Ilissus, are the sepulchres, which we noted in our way from the Piræus. Some time after Solon, it was enacted at Athens, that no sepulchre should have more labour bestowed on it than could be performed by ten men in three days; that the roof should be plain; and that no Hermæ, or Mercurial statues, should be allowed. These perhaps are of a remoter antiquity, and were designed for no vulgar tenants; but, though mansions of the illustrious. dead, they have long since been stripped of their marble facings and ornaments, and are now open,

u Vid. Fabret. ad Col. Traj. In the following year the title Parthicus was confirmed to Trajan. Dio. This does not occur among the titles on the pilaster, and the omission will ascertain the date, if it be supposed that the inscription was not continued.

x representing a person in a chariot, &c.] representing the triumph of Vespasian or Titus upon reducing Syria into a Roman province. R.

and defiled; serving chiefly to shelter cattle from the sun.

We now enter the valley at the foot of the hill of the Acropolis, in which is a track leading between Pnyxy and the Areopagus, toward the temple of Theseus. This region was called Cole, or the hollow. On the left hand is a gap in the mountain, where, it is believed, was the Melitensian gate; and within is a sepulchre or two in the rock. Going on, other sepulchres hewn in the side of the mountain, like those first mentioned, occur; and here again we may regret that no friendly inscription informs us of their respective owners; but these were named the Cimonian sepulchres. Herodotus relates, that the sepulchre of Cimon, father of Miltiades, was fronting the Acropolis, beyond the way called through Cole; and that near him were interred his mares, which had obtained for him three victories at Olympia. Cimon, son of Miltiades, died in Cyprus, and Thucydides the historian was slain in Thrace; but the relics of each were transported to the burying-place of their family. The sepulchre of Thucydides was by that of Elpinice, the sister of Cimon, in Cœle, not far from the Melitensian gate, and in it was a stela or column inscribed, "Thucy"dides, son of Olorus, of Alimus." There also was shewn a tomb of Herodotus.

The ascent to the brow is farther on the left hand, beyond Pnyx ; and by the track are small channels, already mentioned, cut in the rock, perhaps to

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