society for the purpose for which it was proposed, in fact, that the expenditure on which it was to be conditional, should be prospective, and not retrospective. The committee have since represented that if this condition be strictly enforced, the grant can be of no advantage to their schools for a long time to come. They state that they had, previous to the grant being sanctioned, advanced a sum of 1,000 rupees for the South Indian Christian School Book Society, for books and maps to be hereafter supplied by that society; and that they had also paid Rs.499. 10. 8. on account of Tamil books, &c., which are now in store for future issue to the vernacular schools in Tinnevelly. "The whole of this outlay, Rs. 1,499. 8. 10., being purely an advance for prospective issues to the schools," the committee submit that, "it would be entirely consistent with the intentions of the grant if a proportionate sum should be allowed from it in part payment of the above amount; " and they represent that if this construction of the grant be not admitted, they will be precluded from taking advantage of it for a long time to come," as it would be obviously unwise to accumulate an unnecessarily large stock of perishable articles in their school book depôt." 4. I have felt considerable difficulty in disposing of the question raised by the committee, for I am sensible that, under the circumstances of the case, a stringent enforcement of the condition annexed to the grant in the sense in which it was proposed, will have the effect of rendering it valueless, but at the same time it appears to me that any relaxation of that condition will, in point of fact, involve a violation of one of the main principles of the grant-in-aid rules, that no grant shall be given in supercession of the efforts of associations or individuals. 5. It is hardly necessary for me to advert to the importance of a strict observance of this principle in the administration of the grant-in-aid system. As might have been expected, attempts have already been made to evade its application, and in the particular branch of the system now under notice, viz., the supply of school books, I have come to the conclusion that it will be necessary to discontinue the practice of money payments, and in lieu to supply the books required on receiving from the grantees a moiety of their cost. 6. The circumstances however of the present case are so peculiar, that I have thought it proper to refer the question raised by the committee for the orders of Government. Madras. (signed) A. J. Arbuthnot, ORDER thereon, No. 336, dated 23 March 1857. IN the tabular statement appended to his letter of 19th May 1856, the Director of Public Instruction recommended, among other grants, and with reference to the number of scholars, viz., 7,802, under tuition in the village vernacular schools belonging to the Church Missionary Society in Tinnevelly, that a grant of such sum as might be required, not exceeding 1,950 rupees, at the rate of four annas a pupil, should be made for the purchase of books and maps, on the condition. that the society should contribute a like sum for the same object. 2. In sanctioning the grant, it was intended that it should be given in aid of future disbursements of the society for the purpose for which it was made. 3. The enforcement of this condition, however, it is represented would preclude the society from availing themselves of the grant for a long time to come, as they have already advanced or expended sums amounting to nearly 1,500 rupees for books and maps, and it would not be prudent for them unnecessarily to increase the stock in their school book depôt. They submit, therefore, that the whole of the above outlay may be regarded as an advance for books, &c. to be hereafter issued, and, consequently, that a proportionate sum may be allowed from the Government funds in part payment of such advance. 4. It is considered by the director, that a grant to the society under the circumstances stated would militate against one of the main principles of the grant-in No. 61. aid system, viz., that no grant should be given in supercession of the efforts of associations or individuals. 5. It is clearly of importance that this principle should be carefully main tained, and it would be inexpedient to create a precedent which might hereafter be made use of to evade the rules. 6. It however occurs to the Right Honourable the Governor in Council, that the difficulty might be met in this particular case, were only a portion (say half) of the cost of the books, &c. actually issued from the society's depôt for school purposes, contributed out of the Government grant, but before deciding, he would wish to have Mr. Arbuthnot's opinion upon the suggestion. No. 71. Fort St. George Public Consultation of 21 April 1857. READ the following Letter from A. J. Arbuthnot, Esq., Director of Public Instruction, to the Chief Secretary to Government, Fort St. George, dated 30 March 1857, No. 289. Sir, I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of the extract from the Minutes of Consultation, under date the 23d instant, No. 336, calling for my opinion as to whether the difficulty brought to notice in my letter of the 24th ultimo, with reference to the grant sanctioned for the provision of books, for the vernacular schools belonging to the Church Missionary Society in Tinnevelly, might be met, if only a portion of the cost of the books actually issued from the society's depôt for school purposes were contributed out of the Government grant. 2. In reply, I beg to state my opinion that the course suggested would not remove the difficulty to which I adverted in my letter. It appears to me, that if the grant be made in reimbursement of expenditure already incurred by the society, it is immaterial whether the money be disbursed at once in part payment of the entire supply of books ordered by them, or gradually in part payment of the same books as they are issued to the schools. In either case, I think there would be an equal violation of the rule which declares that no grant shall be made in supercession of the efforts of associations or individuals, for in either case the Government would be incurring an expenditure which otherwise would have been defrayed, and which, in point of fact, has been defrayed from the funds of the society. The result would be the substitution of public for private funds. 3. His Lordship in Council will observe, on referring to my letter of the 24th ultimo, that the committee of the Church Missionary Society have not contemplated more than a moiety of the sum actually expended by them being defrayed out of the Government grant. The condition of the grant was, that an equal sum should be contributed from private sources, so that no more than one-half of the cost of the books, towards the provision of which the grant might be given, should be borne by Government. The object of the society is to be allowed to reckon one-half of the sum already expended by them as their share in the contribution towards the purchase of the books, and to reimburse themselves for the other half out of the Government grant. ORDER thereon, No. 471; dated 18 April 1857. 1. In reply to the reference made to him in extract Minutes Consultation, 23d ultimo, No. 336, the Director of Public Instruction gives it as his opinion that the defrayal from the Government grant, of a portion of the cost of the books actually issued from the depôt of the Church Missionary Society in Tinnevelly, would not remove the difficulty adverted to in his previous letter. Such a proceeding would, no less than the immediate disbursement of the whole grant at once, be, in his view, a violation of the rule which declares that no grant shall be made in supercession of the efforts of associations or individuals. 2. Mr. Arbuthnot would appear to think that the fact of the society having already advanced or expended money for the books, &c., though these have not been issued for use, precludes them from an advantage which was to be granted to all from the time of the institution of the Educational Department. 3. The Right Honourable the Governor in Council cannot concur in this view, nor does it seem to him that aid extended to the society on the present occasion, and in the manner proposed, would act as a hinderance to private exertion. The funds of the society would merely go further. II. Madras. No. 72. 4. Under the circumstances, therefore, his Lordship in Council would wish 23 August 1856. that assistance should be given the society within the limit already sanctioned, under such arrangement as that suggested in extract Minutes Consultation, 23d ultimo, No. 336. PAPERS referred to in Madras Public Despatch (Educational), dated 6 October 1858, No. 5, para. 37. 31, 32. EXTRACT Public Letter from Fort St. George, dated 28 October, No. 23 of 1857. Para. 13. In April last the Board of Revenue reported the steps that In Dy. to Cons. had been taken in view to the amelioration of the condition of the Yanadies, 19 May 1857, Nos. the wild tribe residing on the Streeharicottah Mootah in the Chingleput In Dy. to Cons. district, and, as a further means for the attainment of this object, it was pro- 11 August 1857, posed to establish a school for the education of the young, of whom 50 boys Nos. 10, 11. could, it was stated, be brought under instruction. 14. There is no doubt that this measure, which, it is to be observed, has the entire approval of the Board, must, if judiciously carried out, tend to the eventual civilisation of the tribe. 15. The proposition having been referred to the Director of Public Instruction, we have, on his application, sanctioned the entertainment of a schoolmaster on a salary of 10 rupees per mensem, and the disbursement of a sum not exceeding 100 rupees for completing the school-house which had been partially erected by private funds, and for providing the requisite furniture. The books, stationery, &e., are to be supplied from the depôt attached to the office of the Director of Public Instruction. 16. We have authorised an allowance of grain, as suggested by the Collector, being granted for the maintenance of the pupils, at the rate of two mercals per year for each. II. Madras. No. 31. In Con. 23 January 1857. In Con., 7 April 1857. Despatch, No. 17, dated 30 July 1845, para. 9, in from Secretary to Government, 14 November 1845, R. D. No. 1328, para. 5. To Acting Collector of Chingleput, 22 February 1855. • In Cons., 17 August 1855. Proceedings to 1855. + Dated 21 Octo ber 1856, in Cons. 23 January 1857. Fort St. George Public Consultation of 19 May 1857. READ the following Extract from the Minutes of Consultation in the Revenue Read the following Extract from the Proceedings of the Board of Revenue, dated Read again letters from Collector of Chingleput, dated the 21st October 1856, and 10th February 1857. ORDERED, that the foregoing letters be submitted for the consideration and orders of Government with the following observations. 2. The Yanadies are a wild tribe residing in the Streeharicottah Mootah, in the Chingleput district, and till very recently employed themselves almost solely in collecting the products of the jungles, which they delivered to the officers of Government, receiving from them the value of a portion in grain and cloths. On their condition becoming known to the Honourable Court of Directors, that authority, in 1845, expressed their opinion that the share to be allowed the Yanadies, which it was proposed to raise from 221 to 35 per cent., should not be less than "two-thirds at least of the value of the articles brought in by them, to be expended in affording them better means of subsistence, and a more frequent supply of clothing, in providing them with proper implements for cutting firewood, and in short in any manner which might appear to the local authorites likely to promote their comfort, and to lead to their eventual civilisation." 3. These directions were not attended to, and no amelioration of the state of the tribe had been effected till, in February 1855, the attention of the Board was attracted to them by the entries in regard to them in the statement of actual charges for Fusly 1263. Observing that the rate at which they had been remunerated fell considerably below the minimum standard fixed by the Honourable Court, the Board expressed their opinion that the difference might be made available as a fund for their improvement. All attempts to induce them to adopt agricultural pursuits having failed, the methods which occurred to the Board were to engage them in rearing cattle or sheep, and to pay them partly in money, "in the hope that the consequent communication with their neighbours would be productive of beneficial effect." 4. Mr. Shubrick, in a letter, dated the 26th July 1855,* reported that he had not been able to persuade them to attempt to rear cattle, an occupation to which they were wholly unaccustomed, but anticipated advantage from the adoption of the other arrangement proposed by the Board, and asked sanction therefore to pay them partly in kind and partly in money, and at a more liberal rate, which was accorded. 5. The hopes of improvement entertained from following this course have not been disappointed. In the letter first recorded at the head of these proceedings Mr. Shubrick reports that the Yanadies now desire to participate in the comforts they see enjoyed by their neighbours, and with this view some of them have betaken themselves to the preparation of charcoal required for the use of the works on the canal, and others to the felling of timber. 6. To promote this change for the better in the habits of the tribe he proposes to establish a school for the education of the young, an idea which, he states, struck Captain Collyer, when civil engineer of the district, who contributed 50 rupees towards the erection of a building. building. The number of boys who could be brought under instruction, he estimates at 50, and the charge for a schoolmaster and some paddy for the support of the scholars in addition to what is now given, at 112 rupees per annum. The expenditure of 30 rupees, would,. he calculates, complete the school-room commenced from Captain Collyer's donation. 7. The proposition to educate the children meets with the Board's entire approval; and with the view of ascertaining what funds are available, if the Yanadies be credited with the difference between the sums expended on them, and the amount which would have been paid if the direction of the Honourable Court II. Court had been carried out, they called for an account which is furnished with Madras. * 23 January the Collector's letter of the 10th February 1857, also placed at the head of these 1857. proceedings. From this it appears that, excluding Fuslies 1256 and 1257, for In Con. 7 April which the value of produce is not entered, the sums expended are less than two- 1857. thirds of the value of produce delivered by these wild people by more than 3,000 rupees. In the last year entered in the statement, the expenditure was somewhat in excess of the receipts; but as even the reduced tax of one-third the value of jungle products collected is certainly heavy, and for a long series of years the Yanadies obtained less than even one-third, they must be admitted to have a very strong claim on the liberality of Government, on the score of the inadequate remuneration hitherto received alone. Their abject condition, combined with the disposition they have now shown to adopt the habits of civilised life, affords another and no less cogent reason for the interposition of Government to promote their welfare. 8. Under these circumstances, the Board resolve to submit the recommendation of the Collector for the establishment of a school and the completion of the school-house for the favourable consideration of Government; and as they entertain some doubt of the sufficiency of the Collector's estimate, they would sug gest that the papers be made over to the Director of Public Instruction, with instructions to place himself in communication with Mr. Shubrick, and to establish a school on such a scale as he considers suitable to the object. ORDERED to be communicated to the Public Department for consideration. From B. Cunliffe, Esq., Secretary to the Board of Revenue, to P. B. Smollett, Esq., Sir, Dated 13 November 1854, in Consultation 22 Fe 4355. 2. The state of this tribe was first brought to the Board's notice in 1835, when the bruary 1855, No. Streeharicottah Mootah passed into the possession of Government. Their numbers were then 199, but by the latest report which the Board have received (in November 1852), it appears they are now 347. Their habits have, however, undergone no change; about a cawnie of land is cultivated by them apparently as a matter almost of compulsion; but the tribe continue, with this trifling exception, to subsist on jungle products and the remuneration they receive in kind for the honey, &c. collected by them on behalf of Government. The net value of the latter in Fusly 1263 appears to have been Rs. 2,034. 12. 11., and that of their remuneration, Rs. 780. 11. 2. The Honourable Court, in their Despatch, 30th July 1845, No. 17, para. 9, expressed their desire to allot to them two-thirds of the value of the produce collected by them, at which rate their remuneration in Fusly 1263 would have been 1,356 rupees instead of 780 rupees. This scale of payment was also ordered to be adopted from the following Fusly in extract Minutes Consultation, 14th November 1845, but the actual payments have apparently never reached this standard, nor even 50 per cent. as proposed by Mr. Cochrane. 3. There being thus a considerable sum available for the amelioration of the condition of this tribe, the Board would wish you, when more pressing duties afford you sufficient leisure, to take the subject into consideration with reference to the following suggestions. 1st. The attempt to induce these people to adopt agricultural pursuits having failed, it might, perhaps, be well to try whether the rearing of cattle or sheep would be more acceptable. 2d. The present system of remunerating them with grain and cloth seems more likely to |