7. Give the outline of a classification of the Chilostomatous Polyzoa, entering into details in any branch of the subject with which you may happen to be best acquainted.

ZOOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE ANATOMY.

[Special.]

ARTICULATA.

Time allowed, 3 hours.

N.B.-The answers should be illustrated by sketches wherever the candidate thinks it desirable.

1. Define the limits of the Arthropoda, and discuss the relations of the group to other Metazoa and its probable source of origin. On what principal grounds would you assign Peripatus to the Arthro poda?

2. Discuss the probable nature of the ancestral form of the Crustacea, and state how far it is or is not probable that the Nauplius larva represents such a form.

3. Contrast in structure and development the Chilopoda with the Chilognatha (Diplopoda). Which are the most primitive? Give some account of the range of the Myriopoda in geological time.

4. Define the zoological position of the Schizopoda.

Enumerate the appendages of a typical Schizopod, and briefly describe them seriatim, giving diagrammatic drawings of them.

5. Classify the Arachnida, giving as full structural details concerning the various groups as you can, and entering into details with regard to any branch of the subject with which you may be specially familiar.

6. Compare the structure of the mouth parts in Apis,

Musca, Blatta, and Lucanus, giving diagrammatic sketches of each, with the technical names of the component parts.

7. Write an essay on the principles to be adopted in the formation of a scientific zoological classification of the Insecta, and discuss especially how far the extent to which metamorphosis occurs is of value as a criterion in such classification.

ZOOLOGY.

PRACTICAL EXAMINATION.

Time allowed, 3 hours.

N.B.-Candidates must carefully name all the essential features shown in their drawings and must label their microscopic preparations.

Work to be done by all the Candidates.

1. Dissect the Earth-worm provided, so as to display its excretory and generative organs. Draw a diagram showing the forms of these and their exact positions, and those of their external and internal apertures in the successive metameres of the body. Mount one of the segmental organs for the microscope, and figure its general and histological structure.

2. Identify the animal provided in the bottle labelled A and dissect it so as best to display its general anatomical structure. Explain this by means of a drawing. Mount a piece of the gill network for the microscope and sketch its structure.

3. Dissect the Snail provided so as to display its principal nervous organs and name these and their principal connections in a diagram of the dissection.

ZOOLOGY.

PRACTICAL EXAMINATION. (A.)

Time allowed, 3 hours.

N.B.-Candidates must carefully name all the essential features shown in their drawings and must label their microscopic preparations.

Work to be done by Candidates offering the Calenterata and Polyzoa as a special subject.

1. Identify the object provided in the bottle labelled B, and make such preparations of it as shall enable you to investigate the principal facts of its structure as completely as possible, and represent your results in diagrammatic drawings. Make special preparations of the skeletal structures of various regions.

2. Identify the object provided in the bottle labelled C, make such preparations of it as shall enable you to investigate briefly the structure of its soft tissues and represent your results in diagrammatic drawings.

3. Identify the object provided in the bottle labelled D, and make preparations showing the structures both of the skeletal and soft parts. Display your results in diagrammatic sketches.

19916

ZOOLOGY.

PRACTICAL EXAMINATION. (B.)

Time allowed, 3 hours.

N.B.-Candidates must carefully name all the essential features shown in their drawings and must label their microscopic preparations.

Work to be done by Candidates offering the Arthropoda as a special subject.

1. Dissect the Cockroach provided so as best to display its principal nervous structures; name them in a diagram of the dissection.

2. Identify the animals provided in the bottle labelled E, and make microscopic preparations, showing the structure and arrangement of their appendages. Represent diagrammatically, and name the appendages seriatim, in a sketch showing them much enlarged.

3. Mount for the microscope, and sketch diagrammatically in order of succession, the appendages of the head and those of the next succeeding five somites of the animal provided in the bottle labelled F.

The two following papers were not set at the same
Examination as those printed above.

ZOOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY. (1.) (The classification and structure of animals in both their Zoological and Palæontological aspects.)

Time allowed, 3 hours.

1. Enumerate the living species of Ganoid Fishes, and state the locality in which each occurs. How do they all differ from other Fishes? What are the

chief extinct forms associated with them, and what are the grounds upon which this association is based?

2. In what respects do the Dinosauria serve to connect the class of Birds with the Reptiles? How does Archeopteryx throw light on this connection?

3. Give an account of the Cloacal Mammals or Monotrema under the heads (a) species and distribution; (b) structures by which they differ from other Mammals; (c) mode of reproduction and care of young.

4. Give an account of the extinct Amphibia.

5. Mention some of the chief forms of Trilobites and of Eurypterina; and give reasons for classifying them either with the Arachnida or with the Crustacea.

6. Give an account of recent and fossil Proboscidea and of their geographical distribution.

7. Describe the anatomy of any living Brachiopod with which you are acquainted. Enumerate the chief forms of extinct Brachiopoda, and state their geological distribution.

ZOOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY. (2.) The classification and structure of animals in both their Zoological and Palæontological aspects.)

Time allowed, 3 hours.

1. Give a classification of the animal kingdom as far as classes. Enumerate some of the orders comprised in each class, and especially mention those which are either entirely extinct or comprise remarkable extinct representatives.

2. Describe the various kinds of shells formed by Mollusca, and the mode of their development.