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6. What is the value of 284 pounds of butter, at 11 cents per pound? Ans. $3.1625. 7. What is the value of 500 yards of tape, at 24 cents per yard? Ans. $11.261 25. 8. What must I give for 134 bushels of oats, at 2s. 4d per bushel? Ans. £1 12s. 1d 9. What cost 184 pounds of ham at 8 cents per pound?

Ans. $1.50.

10. What cost 15 gallons of oil, at $0.75 cents per gallon? Ans. $11.8125. 11. What cost 4000 quills, at $2.25 per 1000?

Ans. $9. 12. What cost 27 yards of carpeting at 6s. 6d. per yard? Ans. £9 0s. 44d. 13. What is the value of 25 bushels of potatoes, at $0.314 per bushel? Ans. $7.8125. 14. What is the value of 54 spelling-books, at 12 cents per copy? Ans. $6.75. 15. What is the value of 47 reams of paper, at $3.25 per ream? Ans. $154.375. 16. What is the value of 30 gross of almanacs, at $2.25 per gross ? Ans. $68.625. 17. What cost 16 gallons of vinegar, at 1s. 4d. per gallon? Ans. 1£ 2s. 4d. 18 What is the value of 5 bushels of walnuts, at 8s. 6d. per bushel? Ans. £2 5s. 4d. 19. What cost .3 gross of matches, at $1.125 per gross ? Ans. $3.9375. 20. What cost 325 bushels of apples, at 37 cents per bushel? Ans. $121.875. 21. What cost 16 yards of cloth, at $34 per yard?

Ans. $61.875.

22. If the interest on a certain sum of money is $7.35 in one year, how much will it be for 5 months?

Ans. $3.367.

23. If the interest of $100 for one year is $6, how much is it for 10 months and 10 days? Ans. $5.164.

24. If a steam locomotive pass 18 miles in one hour, how far will it move in 50 minutes? Ans. 15 miles.

25. If the interest of $100 for 12 montas is $7, how much is it for 4 months? Ans. $2.523. 26. What must I pay for 14 cords of wood, 128 feet in a cord, at 64 cents per foot?

Ans. $10.00.

PERCENTAGE.

112. THE term per cent. is an abbreviation of per centum, which means by the hundred.

Thus, 5 out of 100 is 5 per cent.

6 out of 100 is 6 per cent.

7 out of 100 is 7 per cent.

And so for other rates per cent.

Different rates per cent. are most conveniently expressed

by means of decimals.

Thus, 1 per cent. is the same as 0.01.

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In many cases the rate per cent. is very concisely expressed by means of a vulgar fraction, as follows:

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Suppose we wish 5 per cent. of $1122, we must take r of it; this is done by multiplying by the decimal 0.05.

OPERATION.

$1122.

0.05.

Ans. $56.10.

Hence, to find the percentage of any number, we have this

RULE.

Multiply the given number by the percentage expressed in decimals, and the product will give the percentage sought.

From what is per cent. abbreviated? And what does it mean? 5 out of 100 is what per cent.? 6 out of 100 is what per cent.? 7 out of 100 is what per cent 1 What is the decimal expression for 1 per cent.? What for 2, 3, 4, &c., per cent. 1 Repeat the Rule for fi ding the per cent. of a number

EXAMPLES.

1. What is 4 per cent. of $10000?

4 per cent. is 0.04.

per cent. is 0.005.

4 per cent. is 0.045.

OPERATION.

$10000

0.045

50000

40000

Ans. $450.000

2. What is 1 per cent. of $730 ?

3. What is 3 per cent. of 5789 pounds?

Ans. $7.30.

Ans. 173.677b.

4. What is 4 per cent. of 365 bushels? Ans. 14·6bu.

5. What is 4 per cent. of $75.03?

6. What is 7 per cent. of 2345?
7. What is 30 per cent. of $495 ?

Ans. $3.37635.

Ans. 164.15.

Ans. $148.50.

8. A person laid out $222 as follows: he gave 21 per cent. of his money for calicoes; 15 per cent. for thread; 45 per cent. for silks; and the remaining 19 per cent. for broadcloths. How many dollars did he expend for each? He gave for calicoes,

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$46.62.

33.30.

99.90.

42.18.

9. A merchant having 500 barrels of flour, sold at one time 25 per cent. of it, at another time he sold 20 per cent. of the remainder. How many barrels did he sell at each time, and how many remain ?

The first time he sold 125 barrels, Ans. The second time he sold 75 barrels.

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10. A farmer raising 1097 bushels of wheat, gives 10 per cent. of it for thrashing, 10 per cent. of the remainder

left?

for flouring. What per cent. of the whole will he have Ans. 81 per cent. 11. A California miner having secured 15 pounds of gold dust, finds it to lose 5 per cent. in refining; he then gives 6 per cent. for coining. How much ought he to eceive after it is coined?

Ans. 13.8415 pounds=137b. 10oz. 1pwt. 235gr. 12. Suppose at each stroke of the piston of an air pump 10 per cent. of the air in the receiver is exhausted, what per cent. of the air will remain after the 1st, 2d, 3d, and 4th strokes, respectively?

After the 1st stroke 90 per cent.

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113. INTEREST is money paid by the borrower to the lender, for the use of the money borrowed.

It is estimated at a certain rate per cent. per annum, that is, a certain number of dollars for the use of $100, for one year.

Thus, when $6 is paid for the use of $100, for one year the interest is said to be at 6 per cent.

In the same manner when $5 is paid for the use of $100, for one year, the interest is said to be at 5 and the same for other rates.

per

cent. ;

The rate per cent. is generally fixed by law. In the

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