102. A boy's dairy project. Would you like to pay your own way through the junior high school? Suppose you try the project by which Tom Winters paid his own way and finished with a nice little balance, too. I shall give you the facts about Tom's project, and you may do the figuring to find out how much he made. Exercise 110 Tom rented a 10-acre pasture at the edge of town, agreeing to pay $10 a month for it and not to put in it more than 4 cows. He then got his agriculture teacher to help him select 4 good dairy cows, 2 Holsteins and 2 Jerseys. One Holstein, No. 1, was just fresh and giving 42 lb. of milk daily; the other, No. 2, had been giving milk for 6 months and was then giving 28 lb. daily. No. 3, a Jersey, was fresh and giving 32 lb. daily, while No. 4, the second Jersey, had also been giving milk for 6 months and was then giving only about 14 lb. 1. Before buying them he had each cow's milk tested, with the following results: No. 1, 2.5% butterfat; No. 2, 3.6%; No. 3, 5%; No. 4, 4.3%. Estimating that the fresh cows would decrease about 40% in milk yield after 6 months, what was the daily yield of butterfat of each cow 6 months after becoming fresh? 2. If the value of a cow were based solely on her yield of butter fat 6 months after becoming fresh and cow No. 1 is valued at $120, what is each of the other three worth? 3. Tom was planning to sell milk by the quart, so the quantity of milk was quite as important as the quality, or amount of butter fat. If he had considered quantity of milk only and had valued cow No. 1 at $150, at what price should he have valued each of the others? 4. Tom borrowed the money from the bank with his father as security and paid $135 for cow No. 1, $160 for No. 2, $150 for No. 3, and $120 for No. 4. The note he gave at the bank was dated Sept. 15, 1916, to run for 6 months, at which time the interest at 7% must be paid and a new note drawn. Write the first note he gave. How much interest did he have to pay when his note became due? 5. Tom found 2 customers who agreed to take 3 qt. each daily, and 4 to take 2 qt. each daily, if he would agree to mix it so that it would contain not less than 4% butter fat. Four other customers were to take 2 qt. each and 6 customers to take 1 qt. each, with the agreement that it should contain not less than 3% butter fat. The 4% milk he sold at 121¢ a quart, the 3% milk at 10¢. He then found other customers to take 2 qt. of milk daily at 10¢ a quart with no special agreement as to quality. His father agreed to take whatever surplus he had daily at 30¢ a gallon. To get 4% milk how much must he take from cow No. 1 to mix with all the milk from No. 3? If he mixes all the remainder of the milk, will it test higher or lower than 3%? How much? Use amounts of milk given at the time of buying the cows. 6. One quart of milk weighs 2.18 lb. The milk record of each cow by months was as follows beginning with September : On Feb. 1 he had to give up one customer taking 2 qt. of 10 milk daily. Why? How much milk did Tom sell to his father that year? How much did he get for all his milk? 7. What was the annual yield of milk from each cow? Of butter fat? He could have sold the butter fat at 45¢ a pound. Would it have paid him better than to sell the milk? 8. What price must he receive for butter fat to equal 12¢ a quart for 4% milk? To equal 10¢ a quart for 3% milk? 9. If 3% milk sells for 10¢ a quart, for how much ought 4% milk to sell, if the price were based on the amount of butter fat only? 10. Tom's expenses were almost entirely for feed, since he did all the work of milking, caring for the milk, and delivering it. You have already been told his expense for pasture. The following table gives the daily ration for each cow: He bought the oats at 58¢ a bushel, the corn at 96¢ a bushel, the bran at $1.65 a hundred, the cottonseed meal at $3.80 a hundred, the alfalfa at $21 a ton, and the corn stover at $8 a ton. What was his total cost for the feed of the cows for the year? 11. His other expenses for bottling the milk, for milking utensils, veterinary bills, etc., amounted to $127.50. How much did he have left to pay him for his labor and the interest on the money he had borrowed to buy the cows? 103. A boy's project with capons. In his class in agriculture Henry Jasper had been taught how to feed young capons for the market. His back yard contained a welllighted shed 8'x10' in a lot 20' x 30'. He decided to buy and feed 30 capons. His father was willing to lend him the necessary capital for 6% interest. Exercise 111 1. Henry estimated that the birds could be bought, weighing about 2 pounds each, at 15¢ a pound. He needed some poultry netting, which would cost 4¢ a foot for 50 feet and he estimated that the feed the capons would eat would cost about $25. He decided to borrow enough to have a margin of $6 for unforeseen expenses. Write the note which he gave his father, Henry Jasper, on Sept. 2, 1916, for 9 mo. 2. His account with the capons showed the following items: EXPENDITURES To Bob White for 14 capons, 26 lb. at 14¢.. 100 lb. bran at $1.75, 50 lb. scratch feed at $4.50 a hun dred, and 100 lb. oats at $2.05... 200 lb. wheat at $4 a hundred. To Alfred Busbee for 16 capons, 34 lb. at 14¢ 100 lb. cracked corn at $3.75.. 3 bu. shelled corn at $1.20 a bu. 4 bu. shelled corn at $1.20 a bu. 3 gal. buttermilk at 18¢ .. Feb. 3. 66 66 66 10. 10. 12. 17. 20. R. McClintock, 7 & 8 lb. at 33¢ Poultry dealer, 86 lb. at 32¢. How much did receipts exceed expenditures? 3. He repaid his father's loan on Feb. 23, 1917. How much did he pay his father? 4. What was Henry's per cent of profit on the capital invested? Include interest as expense. Estimating that he spent about of an hour a day in caring for and selling his capons, how much did he earn an hour for his work? 104. The United States Survey. In the larger part of the United States the land is laid off and described according to the plan of the United States FIG. 84 A and west from the principal meridian. The townships are numbered north and south from the base line. See Figure 84. The township marked A is described as township 3 |