250. Oral Problems.

SUBTRACTION

1. Mary had 7 peaches, and gave away all but 2; how many peaches did she give away ?

2. A newsboy had 10 papers, and sold all but 2; how many did he sell?

3. A drover had 400 hogs, and sold all but 100; how many did he sell?

4. Frank paid 80 dollars for a bicycle, and sold it for 60 dollars; how much did he lose?

5. Of the 90 pupils in school 40 are boys; how many girls?

6. How many more days are there in January than in Christmas week?

7. What is the difference between the values of a 25-cent piece and a 50-cent piece?

8. How much less than 16 dollars is 7 dollars?

9. If James had 9 more turkeys he would have 17; how many turkeys has he?

251. In Subtraction we find the difference between two numbers.

The number to be lessened is called the Minuend.

The number to be subtracted is called the Subtrahend. The result obtained is called the Difference or Remainder.

The sign of Subtraction (—) is read minus.

2. Mr. Jones has 40 acres in wheat and 56 acres in corn; how many more acres has he in corn than in wheat?

3. What is the difference between the length of a railroad that is 879 miles long, and the length of another railroad 358 miles long?

4. From a herd of 938 head of cattle Mr. Franklin shipped 417 head to Chicago; how many cattle remained in the herd?

5. A farmer's crop of corn was 786 bushels. He kept 520 bushels for his own use, and sold the rest. How many bushels did he sell?

6. Find the difference between 362 and 787.

7. A boy had $3.75, and spent $2.25. How much did he have left?

8. From one million nine hundred eighty-seven thousand six hundred sixty-two, subtract five hundred twenty thousand two hundred one.

9. What number must be added to 3 265 to make 6 596 ?

10. What number subtracted from 76 982 will leave 45 901 ?

II. Find the difference in pounds between a cargo weighing 399 597 lb., and another weighing 287 163 lb.

255. Written Exercises.

Subtract 1 437 from 2 356.

EXPLANATION.

I. From the 6 units, the 7 units cannot be subtracted; changing into units 1 ten of the 5 tens of the minuend, the units of the minuend become 16, and the tens of the minuend become 4. Subtract 7 units from 16 units, and place the difference, 9 units, below.

2 356 Minuend.

1437 Subtrahend.

919 Remainder.

II. Subtract the 3 tens of the subtrahend from the 4 tens of the minuend, and place the difference, 1 ten, below.

III. From 3 hundreds, 4 hundreds cannot be subtracted; changing into hundreds 1 thousand of the 2 thousands of the minuend, the hundreds of the minuend become 13, and the thousands of the minuend become 1. Subtract 4 hundreds from 13 hundreds, and place the difference, 9 hundreds, below.

IV. Subtract the 1 thousand of the subtrahend from the one thousand of the minuend, and nought remains.