50. A train running from Philadelphia to New York, a distance of 90 miles, makes the whole distance in 1 hr. 35 min. What is its rate per hour?

51. If a cubic foot of ice weighs 573 pounds, how many cubic feet of ice will it take to weigh a ton?

52. Washington is 77° 2' 48" west longitude, and Albany is 73° 44' 53" west longitude. What is the difference in

longitude between these two places?

53. Paris is 2° 20′ 22′′ east of Greenwich, and New York is 74° 3" west. What is their difference in longitude?

54. What will be the cost of fencing a rectangular lot 18 rods by 24 rods at 183 cents a foot?

55. How much fertilizer will be needed for 5 A. 96 sq. rd. of land, allowing 3 bu. 1 pk. 3 qt. to an acre?

56. The area of a rectangular field is 60 A. 130 sq. rd., and one side is 20.25 chains. What is the length of the other side?

57. How many days, of 10 hours each, will it take to count a million at the rate of 100 a minute?

58. What will be the cost of 5 reams 15 quires and 20 sheets of paper at $3.60 a ream?

59. How many barrels of flour, at $4.75 per barrel, must be given for 3 T. 5 cwt. of coal at $ 6.50 per ton?

60. A druggist purchased 94 ounces of quinine at $.40 an ounce Avoirdupois, and sold it at $.60 an ounce Troy. How much did he gain?

61. How many silver spoons, each weighing 2 oz. 5 pwt., can be made from a bar of silver weighing 6 lb. 4 oz. 10 pwt.?

62. I wish to have 6 reams 15 quires 20 sheets of paper printed for one fourth sheet posters. How many can I get, and what will they cost at $5.75 per M?

63. If I burn a pint of kerosene every night, what will a three weeks' supply cost me at 15 cents a gallon?

64. What is the value in U. S. money of 1000 francs?

65. A man retails oil at 10 cts. a pint. What is his profit on 3 bbl., of 311⁄2 gal. each, which cost $.65 a gallon?

66. What will 12 horses cost in U. S. money, if 5 horses cost £175 10s. 6d.?

67. A milkman sold one morning 220 qt. of milk at 6 cts. a quart. His measure lacked of a gill of holding a full quart. What was the actual worth of the milk sold?

68. How many powders, of 6 grains each, can be made from one fourth of an ounce of medicine?

69. A physician's prescription calls for 3vij, Dij of calomel. How many pills, of 5 grains each, can be made from the prescribed quantity?

70. If a grocer's scales give only 15 oz. for a pound, of how much money does he defraud his customers in the sale of 5 bbl. of sugar, each weighing 2 cwt. 10 lb. 12 oz., true weight, at 5 cents a pound?

71. A man sold 8 bu. 3 pk. 4 qt. of cranberries at $3 a bushel, and took his pay in flour at 3 cents a pound. How many barrels of flour did he receive?

72. A man purchased 54 cwt. 85 lb. of sugar at 4 cts. a pound. He sold of it at 5 cts. a pound, of it at 51 cts. a pound, and the rest at cost. How much did he gain?

73. How many silver coins, each weighing 4124 gr., can be coined from a bar of silver weighing 8 lb. 4 oz. Avoirdupois?

74. I wish to put 116 bu. 1 pk. 4 qt. of grain into bags that shall contain 2 bu. 1 pk. 4 qt. each. How many bags will be required?

LONGITUDE AND TIME.

237. 1. Where does the sun appear to rise?

2. How often does it appear to rise in the east? 3. Through how many degrees of space does it appear to pass in this daily motion? Ans. 360°.

4. Since it seems to travel 360° in one day, or 24 hours, how great will be its apparent motion in 1 hour?

5. If the earth moves 15° in one hour, how far will it move in 1 minute?

6. If it moves of a degree or 15' of distance in one minute of time, how far will it move in 1 second of time?

7. How does the number of degrees passed over compare with the number of hours? The number of minutes of space with the number of minutes of time? The number of seconds of space with the number of seconds of time?

8. When it is sunrise at any place, how long will it be before it is sunrise at a place 15° west of that place? 30° west? 45° west?

9. When it is sunrise at any place, how long before was it sunrise at a place 15° east of that place? 30° east?

10. When it is noon at any place, what time is it at a place 15° west? 15° east? 30° west? 30° east?

11. If I travel eastward, will my watch become too slow or too fast? If I travel westward, will my watch be too slow or too fast?

12. What places have noon at the same time? Midnight at the same time?

238. A Meridian is an imaginary line passing from the North Pole to the South Pole, through any place.

239. The distance east or west from a given meridian is called Longitude.

The meridians from which longitude is commonly reckoned are those which pass through Washington, D.C., and Greenwich, England.

RELATIONS BETWEEN LONGITUDE AND
TIME.

Two places distant from each other

240. To find the difference in time between two places when the difference in longitude is given.

1. Two places are 35° 12' 15" apart. What is the difference in time between them?

15)35° 12' 15" 2 20 49

EXPLANATION.-Since places distant from each other 15° of longitude differ 1 hr. in time, 15' of longitude 1 min. in time, and 15'' of longitude 1 sec. in time, of 35° 12' 15", is the difference in hours, minutes, and seconds of time. Therefore, the difference in time is 2 hr. 20 min. 49 sec.

2. The difference in longitude between two places is 46° 15' 30". What is the difference in time?

3. Washington is 77° 2' 48" west from Greenwich. What is the difference in time between the two places?

4. New York is 74° 3" west longitude, and Chicago is 87° 38' west. What is their difference in time?

5. The longitude of Philadelphia is 75° 10' west from Greenwich, and that of San Francisco 122° 26' 15" west from Greenwich. What time is it at San Francisco when it is noon at Philadelphia?

6. Boston is 5° 59' 18" east from Washington. What time is it at Washington when it is noon at Boston?

7. The longitude of Albany is 73° 44' 53" west from Greenwich, and that of St. Paul is 93° 4′55′′ west from Greenwich. How much earlier does the sun rise at Albany than at St. Paul?

8. The longitude of Berlin is 13° 23′ 43′′ east from Greenwich, and that of Cincinnati 84° 26' west from Greenwich. What is their difference in time?

9. Paris is 2° 20′ 22′′ east from Greenwich. Will a traveler's watch be slow or fast, and how much, when he goes from Greenwich to Paris?

10. Pekin in China is 116° 27' 30" east longitude, and Washington is 77° west longitude. When it is midnight on December 31st at Washington, what time will it be at Pekin?

241. To find the difference in longitude between two places when the difference in time is given.

1. The difference in time between two places is 2 hr. 20 min. 49 sec. What is their difference in longitude?

2 hr. 20 min. 49 sec.

15

35 12

15

EXPLANATION. Since there are 15 times as many degrees, minutes, and seconds of longitude, as there are hours, minutes, and seconds of time, 15 times 2 hr. 20 min. 49 sec., is the difference in degrees, minutes, and seconds of longitude. Therefore, the difference in longitude is 35° 12′ 15′′.