4. A gentleman bought a barrel of potatoes for $7.75, a box of soap for $4.37, a cask of syrup for $26.33 and a sack of salt for $3.25; what was the amount of his purchases? Ans. $41.70 5. What sum should be paid for a barrel of flour at $12.25, a firkin of butter at $23.12, a barrel of apples at $6.37 and a bag of coffee at $16.50? Ans. $58.25. 6. A lady paid $9 for a bonnet, $18.37 for a shawl, $32.75 for a silk dress and $22.50 for a set of furs; what was the amount of her purchases? Ans. $82.621. 7. A merchant invested $375.95 in broadcloths, $278.93 in cassimeres, $185.65 in alpacas and $213.37 in calicoes; what sum did he invest? Ans. $1053.914. 8. James bought a knife for 75 cents, a slate for 37 cents, a pencil for 64 cents, an arithmetic for 93 cents and a copybook for 12; how much did he pay out? Ans. $2.25. 9. A farmer sold wheat for $213.50, corn for $183.811, bacon for $176.75, and barley for $56.18; what was the amount of his sales? Ans. $630.25. SUBTRACTION OF FEDERAL MONEY. ART. 157. Ex. 1. What is the difference between $87.35 and $45.82? Analysis. We write dollars under dollars, cents under cents, and mills under mills, and begin at the right and subtract precisely as in Subtraction of Decimals. 2. Subtract $65.45 from $92.83. 3. From $423.28 take $212.65. OPERATION $87.35 45.82 $41.53 Ans. $41.53. Ans. $27.38. Ans. $210.63. 4. Take $326.58 from $682.93. Ans. $356.35. 5. A man bought a house for $4282.25, and sold it for $4826.15; what was his profit on the sale? Ans. $543.9v. 6. A gentleman bought a watch for $162.75, and sold it for $197.25; how much did he make on the sale? Ans. $34.50. 7. A speculator bought cotton for $762.85, and sold it for $728.32; how much did he lose? 8. A man owed $746, and paid $428.45; how much had he stil. to pay? Ans. $34.53 Analysis. Since there are no cents with the $746, we fill out the vacant places of cents with ciphers, and then subtract as in Decimals. OPERATION $746 00 Ans. $317.55. 9. A gentleman had $875 deposited in a bank. At one time he drew out $325.75, and at another time $258.68; how much still remained in bank? Ans. $290.57. 10. A lady went to a store with a 50-dollar greenback. After paying $12.25 for a bonnet, $14.50 for a mantilla, $2.12 for a veil, $2.25 for a pair of gloves, and $3.75 for a pair of gaiters, how much change ought the merchant to Ans. $15.12. return to her? OPERATION. $8.25 9.5 MULTIPLICATION OF FEDERAL MONEY. ART. 158. Ex. 1. If a box of candles cost $8.25, what would be the cost of 9.5 boxes? Analysis. If 1 box cost $8.25, then 9.5 boxes would cost 9.5 times as much = $8.25 X 9.5 $78.375. We multiply and point off exactly as in Multiplication of Decimals. Ans. $78.375. 4125 7425 $78.375 2. If a yard of cassimere cost $3.25, what would be the cost of 9 yards? Ans. $29.25. 3. What would be the cost of 7 merino shawls at $6.75 apiece? Ans. $47.25. 4. A merchant bought 15 sacks of salt at $2.15 per sack; what was the cost of the salt? Ans. $32.25. 5. A lady bought 18 yards of silk at $2.85 per yard; what did she pay for the silk? Ans. $51.30. 6. A gentleman boarded 17 days at a hotel, paying $3.25 per day; what was the amount of his bill? Ans. $55.25. 7. A grocer bought 23 barrels of crushed sugar at $25 45 per barrel; what was the cost of the sugar? Ans. $585.35. 8. A farmer bought of a grocer 55 pounds of coffee at 27 cents per pound; 2 barrels of flour at $9.87 per barrel; 75 pounds of sugar at 12 cents per pound, and 4 sacks of salt at $2.18 per sack; what was the amount of the farmer's bill? Ans. $52.72. 9. A man bought 423.5 acres of land. For 264 acres he paid $8.62 per acre, and for the remainder he paid $9.25 per acre; what was the cost of the whole? Ans. $3752.37. 10. A farmer bought of a merchant 186 pounds of sugar at 16 cents per pound, and the merchant took in part payment 24 bushels of peas worth 934 cents per bushel; how much did the farmer still owe the merchant? Ans. $8.19. 11. A cotton-broker bought a bale of cotton weighing 512 pounds at 21 cents per pound, and sold it at 19 cents per pound; how much did he lose by the operation? Ans. $11.52. DIVISION OF FEDERAL MONEY. ART. 159. Ex. 1. If 21 yards of velvet cost $99.75, what would be the cost of one yard? Analysis. If 21 yards cost $99.75, then 1 yard would cost of $99.75; and to get of $99.75, we divide it by 21, which gives $4.75. Hence, in all cases, we divide and point off exactly as in Division of Decimals. OPERATION. 21)$99.75($4.75 84 157 147 105 105 Ans. $4.75 cost of one barrel? 2. If 9 barrels of oranges cost $137.25, what would be the Ans. $15.25. 3. A cotton-broker bought 8 bales of cotton for $788.48; what was the price per bale? Ans. $98.56. 4. A merchant paid $152.01 for a piece of broadcloth containing 27 yards; what was the price per yard? Ans. $5.63. 5. If 15 barrels of flour sell for $186.75, what is the price per barrel? Ans. $12.45. 6. If 8.5 bushels of wheat cost $9.775, what is the cost per bushel? Ans. $1.15. 7. A merchant bought of a farmer 28 bushels of barley at $1.314 per bushel. The farmer took sugar in payment at 15 cents per pound; how many pounds did the farmer receive? 8. A bale of cotton weighing 512 $94.72; what was the price per pound? 9. If 32 tons of hay cost $792, is the cost of one ton? what Ans. 245 pounds. pounds was sold for Ans. 18 cents. OPERATION. Analysis. If 32 tons of hay cost $792, 32)$792.00($24.75 then 1 ton will cost of $792; i. e., we divide by 32. As there is a remainder after dividing the dollars, we annex two ciphers, thereby reducing it to cents. Ans. $24.75. 10. A merchant sold 36 yards of velvet for $225; what was the price per yard? 64 152 128 240 224 160 160 Ans. $6.25. 11. A farmer sold 64 acres of wild land for $592; how much did he receive per acre? Ans. $9.25. 12. A grocer sold 42 cans of peaches for $15.75; what was the price per can? Ans. $0.375. 13. A provision-dealer paid $21 for 24 ducks; how much did he pay apiece for them? Ans. $0.875. h COMPOUND QUANTITIES. ARTICLE 160. COMPOUND QUANTITIES are quantities which consist of different denominations. Thus, 5 pounds 3 shillings 2 pence is a compound quantity; so, 4 days 5 hours 10 minates is a compound quantity. ART. 161. COMPOUND QUANTITIES are used in expressing WEIGHTS, MEASURES and MONEY. ART. 162. ENGLISH, or STERLING MONEY. TABLE. 4 farthings (qr. or far.) make 1 penny, d. The above table represents the currency of Great Britain. Analysis. In £1 there are 20 shillings, = = lings 60 shillings; and the 5 shillings to Ans. 3146far. OPERATION. 20 65 shillings. 12 136 65 786 pence. 4 3146 farthings. The operation which we have performed in this example is called REDUCTION. We have merely changed the form of the compound quantity without altering its value, for 3146 |