30. How many tons of round timber in 1313280 cubic inches?

31. How many cords in 16384 cubic feet?

32. How many hogsheads of wine in 1234567 quarts ?
33. How many tuns of wine in 9877001 gills?
34. In 796785 pints of wine, how many pipes?
35. How many butts of beer in 49765 gallons?
36. In 15767 pints, how many hogsheads of beer?
37. In 1105920 inches, how many tons of round timber
38. In 132005440800 seconds, how many years?

39. In 974 days, how many years and calendar months?
40. How many chaldrons in 97344 pecks?
41. How many cents in 6570 mills?
42. How many dimes in 316500 mills?
43. How many dollars in 6300 cents?
44. How many eagles in 270000 mills?

COMPOUND REDUCTION.

1. In 57£. 15s. how many dollars? Ans. $192.50cts. 2. In 67£. 14s. 9d. how many crowns at 6s. 7d. each?

Ans. 205cr. 5s. 2d.

3. How many pounds and shillings in 678 dollars?

4. How many ells English in 761 yards?

Ans. 203£. 8s.

Ans. 608E. E. 4qr. 5. How many yards in 61 ells Flemish ? Ans. 45yd. 3qr. 6. How many bottles, that contain 3 pints each, will it take to hold a hogshead of wine?

Ans. 168.

7. How many steps, 2ft. 8in. each, will a man take in walking from Bradford to Newburyport, the distance being 15 miles? Ans. 29700.

8. How many spoons, each weighing 2oz. 12dwt., can be made from 5lb. 2oz. 8dwt. of silver? Ans. 24. 9. How many times will the wheel of a coach revolve, whose circumference is 14ft. 9in. in passing from Boston to Washington, the distance being 436 miles ? Ans, 156073. 10. I have a field of corn, consisting of 123 rows, and each row contains 78 hills, and each hill has 4 ears of corn; now if it take 8 ears of corn to make a quart, how many bushels does the field contain ? Ans. 149bu. 3pk. 5qt. Opt. 11. If it take 5yd. 2qr. 3na. to make a suit of clothes, how many suits can be made from 182 yards? Ans. 32.

12. A goldsmith wishes to make a number of rings, each

weighing 5dwt. 10gr., from 3lb. 1oz. 2dwt. 2gr. of gold; how many will there be? Ans. 137.

13. How many shingles will it take to cover the roof of a building, which is 60 feet long and 56 feet wide, allowing each shingle to be 4 inches wide and 18 inches long, and to lay one third to the weather? Ans. 20160.

14. There is a house 56 feet long, and each of the two sides of the roof is 25 feet wide; how many shingles will it take to cover it, if it require 6 shingles to cover a square foot?

Ans. 16800.

15. If a man can travel 22m. 3fur. 17rd. a day, how long would it take him to walk round the globe, the distance being about 25000 miles? Ans. 11144 days. 16. If a family consume 7lb. 10oz. of sugar in a week, how long would 10cwt. 3qr. 16lb. last them? Ans. 160 weeks. 17. Sold 3 tons 17cwt. 3qr. 18lb. of lead at 7d. a pound; what did the lead amount to? Ans. 254£. 10s. 2d. 18. What will 5cwt. 1qr. 10lb. of tobacco cost, at 41d. a pound? Ans. 11. 4s. 3d. 19. What will 7 hogsheads of wine cost, at 9 cents a quart ? Ans. $158.76.

20. What will 15 hogsheads of beer cost, at 3 cents a pint? Ans. $194.40.

21. What will 73 bushels of meal cost, at 2 cents a quart'? Ans. $46.72.

22. A merchant has 29 bales of cotton cloth; each bale contains 57 yards; what is the value of the whole at 15 cents a yard? Ans. $247.95.

23. A merchant bought 4 bales of cotton; the first contained 6cwt. 2qr. 11lb.; the second, 5cwt. 3qr. 16lb.; the third, 7cwt. Oqr. 71b.; the fourth, 3cwt. 1qr. 17lb. He sold the whole at 15 cents a pound; what did it amount to? Ans. $ 385.65.

24. A merchant having purchased 12cwt. of sugar, sold at one time 3cwt. 2qr. 11lb. and at another time he sold 4cwt. 1qr: 15lb.; what is the remainder worth, at 15 cents per pound? Ans. $67.50.

25. Bought 4 chests of hyson tea; the weight of the first was 2cwt. 1qr. 7lb.; the second, 3cwt. 2qr. 15lb.; the third, 2cwt. Oqr. 201b.; the fourth, 5cwt. 3qr. 171b.; what is the value of the whole, at 374 cents a pound? Ans. $589.12. 26. Purchased a cargo of molasses, consisting of 87 hogsheads; what is the value of it, at 33 cents a gallon?

Ans. $1808.73.

27. From a hogshead of wine, 10gal. 1qt. 1pt. 3 gills leaked out. The remainder was sold at 6 cents a gill; to what did it amount ? Ans. $100.86.

28. A man has 3 farms; the first containing 100A. 3R. 15rd.; the second, 161A. 2R. 28rd.; the third, 360A. 3R. 5rd. He gave his oldest son a farm of 112A. 3R. 30rd.; his second son a farm of 316A. 1R. 18rd.; his youngest son a farm of 168A. 3R. 13rd. ; and sold the remainder of his land at 1 dollar and 35 cents a rod; to what did it amount?

Ans. $5436.45. 29. A grocer bought a hogshead of molasses, containing 87gal. 1qt., from which 13 gallons leaked out; what is the remainder worth, at 1 cent a gill ? Ans. $23.76.

30. A man bought 4 loads of hay; the first weighing 25cwt. Oqr. 17lbs.; the second, 37cwt. 2qr. 171b.; the third, 18cwt. 3qr. 14lb.; and the fourth, 37cwt. 1qr. 17lb.; what is the value of the whole, at 2 cents a pound? Ans. $266.74.

REDUCTION OF THE OLD NEW ENGLAND CURRENCY TO UNITED STATES MONEY.

The original currency of N. E. was pounds, shillings, pence, and farthings; but, on the adoption of the Constitution of the United States, it was changed to dollars, cents, and mills. It is frequently necessary to reduce the former to the present currency of the United States; for which we have the following

RULE.

If pounds only are given, annex three ciphers and divide by 3, and the quotient will be the sum required in cents.

If pounds and an even number of shillings are given, annex to the pounds half the number of shillings and two ciphers, and divide as before. If the number of shillings be odd, take half of the largest even number of shillings and annex it to the pounds with the figure 5 and one cipher, instead of two as above, and proceed as in the former instances.

If pounds, shillings, pence, and farthings are given, annex to the pounds and shillings, as before, and find the number of farthings contained in the given pence and farthings, taking care to increase their number by 1, if they exceed 12, and by 2, if they exceed 36. Annex the number thus obtained to the pounds in such a way that the units of the farthings shall occupy the third place from the pounds, and divide by 3, as before, and the quotient will be the result in cents.

NOTE. A demonstration of this rule will be found in Sec. XXVII.

EXAMPLES.

1. Reduce 162£. to United States Money.

3)162000
$540.00

2. Change 319. 17s. to United States Money.

3)319850

$1066.16

Ans. $540.

Ans. $1066.163.

3. Change 176£. 17s. 82d. to United States Money.

UNITED STATES MONEY.

THE denominations of Federal or United States Money being in the ratio of 10, 100, and 1000 to each other, operations in

volving dollars, cents, and mills are performed, when the numbers have been properly set down, as under the rules for simple numbers.

ADDITION.

RULE.

Write dollars under dollars, cents under cents, and mills under mills, and then proceed as in Simple Addition, and the result will be obtained in the several denominations added.

NOTE. In all operations of United States Money, it must be borne in mind that a cent is one hundredth of a dollar, and hence, in arranging a column of cents or annexing any number of cents to dollars, 1 cent, 2 cents, &c., must be written .01, .02, &c., which denote one hundredth, two hundredths, &c.

5. Add the following sums, $18.16,5, $701.63, $ 151.16,1, $375.08,9, and $ 471.01,7. Ans. $1717.06,2.

6. Bought a horse for eighty-seven dollars nine cents, a pair of oxen for sixty-five dollars twenty cents, and six gallons of molasses for two dollars six cents five mills; what was the amount of my bill? Ans. $154.35,5.

7. Sold a calf for three dollars eight cents, a bushel of corn for ninety-seven cents five mills, and three bushels of rye for three dollars five cents; what was the amount received? Ans. $7.10,5.

SUBTRACTION.

RULE.

Write the several denominations of the subtrahend under the corresponding ones of the minuend, and then proceed as in Simple Subtraction, and the result will be the difference in the several denominations subtracted.