16. What cost 2 bu. 3 pk. 6 qt. of green peas, at $.30 a reck?

17. What cost 3 T. 17 cwt. 20 lb. of hay, at $22o a ton ? 18. If a grocer's scales give oz. short of true weight on every pound, of how much money does he defraud his customers, in the sale of 3 bbl. of sugar, each weighing 2 cwt. 10 lb., at 12 cents a pound?

19. If 37 A. 128 P. are sold from a farm containing 170 A. 16 P., what part of the whole remains?

20. Paid $526.05 for 3 tons of cheese, and retailed it at 93 cents a pound. How much was the whole gain ?. 21. How many bushels of oats in Connecticut are equivalent in weight to 2500 bushels in Iowa ?

22. How many centals of barley in California are equivalent to 1500 bushels in Missouri?

23. A man sold 12 bu. 3 pk. 6 qt. of cranberries at $3 a bushel, and took his pay in flour at 4 cents a pound. How many barrels did he receive?

24. If 3 T. 12 cwt. 20 lb. of ground plaster cost $15.75, what will be the cost of 5 T. 80 lb. at the same rate?

25. Bought 37 Cd. 48 cu. ft. of wood for $129.81, and there was but 13 Cd. 59 cu. ft. delivered. What part of the money should be paid?

26. If a grocer's gallon measure is too small by 1 gi., what does he make dishonestly in selling 2 hhd. of molasses, averaging 58 gal. 2 qt. 1 pt. each, worth $.80 a gal.?

27. How many reams of paper are required to supply 4500 subscribers with a weekly newspaper for 1 year ? 28. A publisher printed an edition of 10000 copies of a 12mo book of 336 pp. How much paper did he use, allowing 1 quire to each ream for waste?

ADDITION.

439. Denominate numbers are added, subtracted, multiplied, and divided by the same general methods as are employed for like operations in Simple Numbers.

The corresponding processes are based upon the same principles. The only modification of the rules needed is that which is required by a varying scale instead of a uniform scale of 10.

The principles will be made sufficiently plain in the operations and analyses to render special rules unnecessary.

440. 1. Find the sum of 4 cwt. 46 lb. 12 oz., 12 cwt. 91 lb., 21 cwt., and 21 lb.

OPERATION.

cwt. lb.

Oz.

4

4 6

12

12

9

8

2

25

0

21

10

19

2

14

ANALYSIS.-Write the numbers so that units

of the same denomination stand in the same column, and begin at the right to add.

The sum of the ounces is 30, equal to 1 lb. 14 oz. Write the 14 oz. under the column of ounces, and add the 1 lb. to the pounds of the next column.

The sum of the pounds is 102 lb., equal to 1 cwt. and 2 lb. Write the 2 lb. under the

column of pounds, and add the 1 cwt. to the cwt. of the next column. The sum of the cwt. is 19 cwt., which write under the column of ewt. Hence the entire sum is 19 cwt. 2 lb. 14 oz.

2. What is the sum of wk., da., and hr.?

2 wk. = 5 da. 12 hr. 22 min. 30 sec. of their sum in integers

of lower denominations.

If denominate fractions occur in the given numbers, they should be reduced to integers of lower denominations (433) before adding.

3. Add 7 yd. 2 ft., 5 yd. 14 ft., 2 ft. 9 in., 3 yd. 1 ft. 6 in., 24 ft., 41⁄2 yd.

4. Add 5 Cd. 7 ed. ft., 2 Cd. 2 cd. ft. 12 cu. ft., 6 cd. ft. 15 cu. ft., 7 Cd., and 3 Cd. 2 cu. ft.

5. What is the sum of 1 gal., 2 qt. pt., and 1.75 pt.?

hhd., 36 gal. 3 qt. 11 pt.,

6. What is the sum of § of a day added to of an hour? 7. To of a hhd. add of 10 gal.

8. What is the sum of 224 cwt., 267 lb., and 14 oz.? 9. Add 5 Pch., 18 cu. ft., 86.6 cu. ft., and & Pch. 10. Find the sum of lb 4 36 35, and lb 6 341 39. 11. A Missouri farmer received $.75 a bushel for 4 loads of corn; the first contained 48.4 bu., the second 2626 lb., the third 36 bu., and the fourth 41 bu. 52 lb. What did he receive for the whole ?

12. Bought three loads of hay at $15 a ton. The first weighed 1.125 T., the second 13 T., and the third 2750 lb. What did the whole cost?

13. When B was born, A's age was 3 yr. 9 mo. 24 da.; when C was born, B's age was 12 yr. 19 da.; when D was born, C's age was 5 yr. 11 mo., and when E was born, D's age was 10 yr. 1 mo. 20 da. What was A's age when E was born?

441. 1. From 25 rd. 2 yd. 2 ft. 6.3 in., subtract 12 rd.

4 yd. 11.6 in.

OPERATION.

rd.

yd. ft.

in.

25

2

2

6.3

12

4 0

11.6

12

3 (1) 1

6.7

= 1

6

12

ANALYSIS.-Write the numbers so that units of the same denomination stand in the same column, and begin at the right to subtract.

Since 11.6 in. cannot be subtracted from 6.3, take 1 ft., equal to 12 in., from the 2 ft., leaving 1 ft. and add it to the 6.3 in., making 18.3 in. Subtract 11.6 in., and write the remainder, 6.7 in., under the inches.

Since 1 ft. has been taken from 2 ft., subtract 0 ft. from 1 ft., and write the remainder 1 ft. under the feet.

Since 4 yd. cannot be taken from 2 yd., take 1 rd., equal to 54 yd., from 25 rd., leaving 24 rd., and add it to the 2 yd., making 74 yd. Subtract 4 yd. from 7 yd., and write the remainder, 31 yd., under the yards.

Since 1 rod has been taken from 25 rd., subtract 12 rd. from 24 rd., and write the remainder, 12 rd., under the rods.

Theyd., reduced to feet and inches, and added to 1 ft. 6.7 in. of the remainder, gives 12 rd. 4 yd. .7 in.

2. From 14 bu. subtract bu.

nation (434), then subtract the less from the greater, and find the value of their difference in integers of lower denominations.

3. From a pile of wood containing 42 Cd. 5 cd. ft., take 16 Cd. 6 cd. ft. 12 cu. ft., and how much remains? 4. From the sum of of 3 mi. and 174 rd., take 1204 rd.

Find the difference between

5. 8 cwt. and 48 lb.
6. £ and of is.

7. lb. and 5 lb. 4 oz. 8 pwt.
8. .659 wk. and 2 wk. 35 da.
9. 1 hhd. and 3.625 gal.

10.lea. and mi. 11. gross and doz. 12. 32 D1 and 34. 13. .9 da. and † wk. 14. A. and 84.56 P.

15. If from a hhd. of molasses 14 gal. 1 qt. 1 pt. be drawn at one time, 10 gal. 3 qt. at another, and 29 gal. 1 pt. at another, how much will remain ?

16. Of a farm containing 250 A., two lots were rcserved, one containing 75 A. 136.4 P., and the other 56 A. 123.3 P.; the remainder was sold at $621 an acre. What did it sell for?

17. From 1 T. 11 cwt. 30 lb., take of a long ton.

18. From a pile of wood containing 125 Cd., was sold at one time 26 Cd. 7 cd. ft.; at another, 30 Cd. 4§ cd. ft.; at another, 37% Cd. How much remained?

442. To find the interval of time between two dates.

1. How many yr., mo., da., and hr., from 3 o'clock P. M. of May 16, 1864, to 9 o'clock A. M. of Sept. 25, 1875 ?