John had 20 that he bought, George had 16 at home, and Ann expected to have 19. How many would they then have together? Put down : Sum 39.--We want to go from Hartford to New York now we must go from Hartford to Middletown, which is 15 miles; and from Middletown to New Haven, which is 25 miles; and from New Haven to Stratford, which is 13 miles; and from Stratford to Norwalk, which is 18 miles; and from Norwalk to Greenwich, which is 17 miles; and from Greenwich to Pelham, which is 20 miles; and from Pelham to New York, which is 18 miles: how far is it then from Hartford to New York? Put down, from Hartford to Middletown 15 Middletown to N. Haven 25 and so for the rest and add them together. Sum 40. Thirty days hath September, Then how many days are there in the year? Now write down the names of the months in a column, and put against September, April, June, and November, 30, against February 28, and against all the rest 31. Thus, January 31 28 31 And when you have put down the whole 12, add them up. Sum 41-If there are 20 pews at church, and in each of 5 pews there are ten persons; in each of 6 pews 9 persons; and in each of the remaining 9 pews, 3 persons, how many are there in all ? Sum 42.--A man has 25 sheep in one field; and 37 sheep in another field; and 18 in his yard; and 9 have strayed into the woods; he has also 46 lambs; how may sheep and lambs has he in all ? Now learn to write down a dozen, thus, 12. A dozen, you see, is the same as twelve, it is only another word for it. Write down a score, thus 20; you see that a score means only another word for twenty. You know how to write a hundred; thus, 100; and you know how to write a thousand; · thus 1000. There is also what is called a gross, that is 12 dozen, or 12 times 12. Now 12 being added together twelve times makes 144; then a gross is 144. Sum 43.--Add two score, two hundred and one, three dozen, and 1 gross together. Two score are two twenties, that is Two hundred and one we write thus 40 201 Three dozen are 3 twelves, if added together 36 One gross is 144 Sum 44.-Put down and add together two dozen, two score, and one hundred. SUB-TRAC-TION, SUBTRACTION is taking away one or more things from two or many things, to know what may remain. If you put two books on the table and take one away, how many will remain? Answer. One. 3: Now observe, you must always put your large number first, and your small number under it, thus: out. To prove your sum is right in subtraction, add your remainder to what you have taken Your remainder here is one, and you have taken one from two, then say 1 and 1 are 2, and if it comes the same as the top line, your sum is right. You see how easy this is, and it is very amusing. Hold up four fingers, then bend down two of them, and two will remain up. EXPLANATION OF THE SUBTRACTION TABLE. To show the operation of the subtraction ta |