2 times 2 are 4; place 4 under the 4 of the dividend, and subtract; 4 from 4 nothing remains; then bring down the next figure in the dividend, which is 5, and divide again; 2 is in 5 twice, put 2 in the quotient, and multiply the divisor, 2 times 2 are 4; place 4 under the 5, and subtract, 4 from 5 there remains 1. Bring down the 2 in the dividend, and set it by the side of the 1 and you have 12. Divide again; 2 is in 12 how many times? 6 times; put 6 in the quotient and multiply the divisor, 6 times 2 are 12. To prove your sum, you must multiply the quotient by the divisor, and if it comes like the dividend, your sum is right. Sum 2.--Divide 467 by 3. 3) 467 (155 quotient 3 16 15 17 15 2 remainder In this sum you have the remainder 2; to prove it, you must first multiply the quotient, 155, by the divisor 3, and then add the remainder 2; thus; 155 quotient multiply 3 divisor Sum 3.--Divide 736 by 4. In doing this sum, you must take the first two figures together, 19; because you cannot divide 1 by 7; say 7 is in 19 twice, put 2 in the quotient, and proceed as before. Sum 7.-Divide 18206 by 8. Sum 8.--Divide 24079 by 9. Sum 9.-Divide 35064 by 15. 15) 35064 (2337 30 50 45 56 45 114 105 9 You must consider how many times 15 are in 35; as there are twice 15 in 35 put 2 in the quotient, and multiply the divisor, twice 15 are 30; subtract 30 from 35, the difference is 5, which, if you have done your work right, will be less than the divisor; bring down the next figure 0 to the 5 which makes 50, and divide as before. Sum 10.--Divide 417208 by 26. AMUSING SUMS FOR PRACTICE. Sum 11.--I want to divide 300 plums among ten good boys: how many a piece should they have? Sum 12,-If I want to ride 620 miles in ten days, how many miles should I go in a day? Sum 13.-If I have 39 pears given to me, and am to give an equal number to my brother and to my sister, and to keep an equal number myself, how many a piece ought we to have? Sum 14.--A woman sent 640 eggs to market in four baskets; she put the same number of eggs into each basket; but one basket fell out of the waggon, and broke every egg in it: how many eggs were broken? ADDITION OF MONEY. Now we will begin to reckon money, which is a little more difficult, and before we do it you must learn the money tables, at the end of the book. PRACTICE IN ADDITION OF MONEY. Put down in words the pence in 8 farthings. Now remember your Rule, four farthings. make one penny; then if four farthings make one penny, how many pençe do twice four farthings make? Put down in words the pence in 6 farthings. Put down in words the pence in 7 farthings. Put down in words the exact sum in shillings and pence which you have in thirteen perce. Here remember 12 pence is one shilling, and one penny more is one shilling and one penny. Put down in words the sum in shillings and pence that you have in fourteen pence. Put down in words the sum in shillings and pence that you have in seventeen pence. Put down in words the sum in shillings and pence that you have in eighteen pence.. Set down in words the pounds and shillings you have in twenty-two shillings. Set down in words the pounds and shillings you have in twenty five shillings. Set down in words the pounds and shillings you have in twenty-nine shillings. MARKS IN SUMS OF MONEY. Remember that a letter L with a stroke or two across it, thus £, means a pound in money; and is put either before a figure, thus £1, for one pound, or £ £ over a figure, thus 1, one pound. So the marks £ 2, or £2, mean two pounds; 3, or £3, mean three pounds, and so on. If you ask why a letter is so used, it is because the Latin word for pound begins with an L (Libra,) and it has been a custom to use that mark. s. used like L at the top or after a figure, means shillings, and is put for the first letter of the Latin word for shilling (Solidus ;) and d. used in the same way, is put for pence, that is, for the Latin word for a penny (Denarius.) Then one pound one shilling and one penny, must be written thus: £. s. d. 1 1 1, or thus, £1. ls. ls. ld. The marks for a farthing, three farthings, are thus: A Farthing A Half-penny ...' 8 a halfpenny, and or 1 qr. or 2 qr. or 3 qr. |