wards, and if it be right, this sum total will be equal to the first: Or cut off the upper line of figures, and find the amount of the rust; then if the amount and upper line, when added, be equal to the total, the work is supposed to be right. EXAMPLE. 3782 5766 8755 2. There is another method of proof, as follows:Reject or cast out the nines in each row or sum of figures, and set down the remainders, each directly even with the figures in its row; find the sum of these remainders; then if the excess of nines in the sum found as before, is equal to the excess 18 3 0 3 of nines in the sum total, the work is sup posed to be right. Excess of 9's. 15. Add 8635, 2194, 7421, 5063, 2196, and 1245, together. Ans. 26754. 16. Find the sum of 3482, 783645, 318, 7530, and 9678045. Ans. 10473020. 17. Find the sum total of 604, 4680, 98, 64, and 54. Ans. Fifty-five hundred. 18. What is the sum total of 24674, 16712, 34678, 10467, and 13439? Ans. One hundred thousand. 19. Add 1021, 3489, 23763, 239, and 6438, together. Ans. Forty thousand. 20. What is the sum total of the following numbers, viz. 2340, 1066, 3700, and 4005? Ans. 11111. 21. What is the sum total of the following numbers, viz. Nine hundred and forty-seven, Seven thousand six hundred and five, Nine millions, and twenty-five, Fifty-two millions, and nine thousand? Answer, 61374177 22. Required the sum of the following numbers, viz. Five hundred and sixty-eight, Eight thousand eight hundred and five, Seventy-nine thousand six hundred, Nine hundred and eleven thousand, QUESTIONS. Answer, 9999999 1. What number of dollars are in six bags, containing each 37542 dollars? Ans. 225252. 2. If one quarter of a ship's cargo be worth eleven thousand and ninety-nine dollars, how many dollars is the whole cargo worth? Ans. 44396 dols. 3. Money was first made of gold and silver at Argos, eight hundred and ninety-four years before Christ; how long has money been in use at this date, 1814 ? Ans. 2703 years. 4. The distance from Portland in the Province of Maine, to Boston, is 125 miles; from Boston to New-Haven, 162 miles; from thence to New-York, 88; from thence to Philadelphia, 95; from thence to Baltimore, 102; from thence to Charleston, South Carolina, 716; and from thence to Savannah, 119 miles--What is the whole distance from Portland to Savannah? Ans. 1407 miles. 5. John, Thomas, and Harry, after counting their prize money, John had one thousand three hundred and seventyfive dollars; Thomas had just three times as inany as John; and Harry had just as many as John and Thomas bothPray how many dollars had Harry? Ans. 5500 dollars. FEDERAL MONEY. NEXT in point of simplicity, and the nearest allied to whole numbers, is the coin of the United States, cr FEDERAL MONEY. This is the most simple and easy of all money-it increases in a tenfold proportion, like whole numbers. 10 mills, (m.) make 10 cents, 10 dimes, 1 cent, marked 1 dime, 1 dollar, 1 eagle, C. d. $. E. Dollar is the money unit; all other denominations being valued according to their place from the dollar's place.A point or comma, called a separatriz, may be placed after the dollars to separate them from the inferior denominations; then the first figure at the right of this separatrix is dimes, the second figure cents, and the third mills.* ADDITION OF FEDERAL MONEY. RULE.-1. Place the numbers according to their value; that is, dollars under dollars, dimes under dimes, cents under cents, &c. and proceed exactly as in whole numbers; then place the separatrix in the sum total, directly under the separating points above. 2. When accounts are kept in dollars and cents, and no other denominations are mentioned, which is the usual mode in common reckoning, then the first two figures at the right of the separatrix or point, may be called so many cents instead of dimes and cents; for the place of dimes is only the ten's place in cents; because ten cents make a dime; for example, 48, 75, forty-eight dollars, seven dimes, five cents, may be read forty-eight dollars and seventy-five cents. If the cents are less than ten, place a cipher in the ten's place, or place of dimes.-Example. Write down four dollars and 7 cents. Thus, $4, 07 cts. * It may be observed, that all the figures at the left hand of the separatrix are dollars; or you may call the first figure dollars, and the other eagles, &c. Thus any sum of this money may be read differently, either wholly in the lowest denomination, or partly in the higher, and partly in the lowest; for example, 37 54, may be either read 3754 cents, or 375 dimes and 4 cents or 37 dollars 5 dimes and 4 cents, or 3 eagles 7 dollars 5 dimes and 4 cents. EXAMPLES. 1. Find the sum of 304 dollars, 39 cents; 291 dollars, 9 -cents; 136 dollars, 99 cents; 12 dollars and 10 cents. (304, 39 Thus, 136, 99 12, 10 Sum, 744, 57 Seven hundred forty-four dol lars and fifty-seven cents. (2.) (3.) (4.) 8. What is the sum total of 127 dols. 19 cents, 278 dols. 19 cents, 34 dols. 7 cents, 5 dols. 10 cents, and 1 dol. 99 cents ? Ans. $446, 54 cts. 9. What is the sum of 378 dols. 1 ct., 136 dols. 91 cts., 344 dols. 8 cts., and 365 dols. ? Ans. $1224. Ans. $2. 10. What is the sum of 46 cents, 52 cents, 92 cents, and 10 cents? 11. What is the sum of 9 dimes, 8 dimes, and 80 cents ? Ans. $21. 12. I received of A, B, and C, a sum of money; A paid me 95 dols. 43 cts., B paid me just three times as much as A, and C paid me just as much as A and B both : can you tell me how much money C paid me? Ans. $381, 72 cts. 13. There is an excellent well built ship just returned from the Indies. The ship only is valued at 12145 dols. 86 cents; and one quarter of her cargo is worth 25411 dols. 65 cents. Pray what is the value of the whole ship and cargo? Ans. 113792, 46 cts. IF By an act of Congress, all the accounts of the United States, the salaries of all officers, the revenues, &c. are to be reckoned in federal money; which mode of reckoning is so simple, easy, and convenient, that it will soon come into common practice throughout all the States. SIMPLE SUBTRACTION. Subtraction of whole Numbers, TEACHETII to take a less number from a greater, of the same denomination, and thereby shows the difference, or remainder as 4 dollars subtracted from 6 dollars, the remainder is 2 dollars. RULE. Place the least number under the greatest, so that units may stand under units, tens under tens, &c. and draw a line under them. |