PRACTICAL MINER'S GUIDE: A LIBRARY TREATISE ON MINE ENGINEERING: COMPRISING A SET OF TRIGONOMETRICAL TABLES, ADAPTED TO ALL PURPOSES OF OBLIQUE OR DIAGONAL, VERTICAL, HORIZONTAL, AND TRAVERSE DIALLING, WITH THEIR APPLICATION TO THE DIAL EXERCISE OF SHAFTS, ADITS, DRIFTS, LODES, SLIDES, LEVELLING, ALSO, A TREATISE ON THE ART AND PRACTICE OF ASSAYING METALS, WITH TABLES QUALITY, MANUFACTURE, AND CHOICE OF CORDAGE AND WIRE ROPE ON GASES, VENTILATION, AND LIGHTING OF MINES, BORING ARTESIAN TOGETHER WITH A COLLECTION OF Essential Tables, Bules, and Illustrations, APPLICABLE TO MINING BUSINESS. THE WHOLE ILLUSTRATED, INTRODUCED, AND EXEMPLIFIED IN THE MOST PUBLISHED BY G. M. NEWTON, AT THE OFFICE OF THE MINING MAGAZINE, 1858. THE NEW YORK ASTOR, LENOX AND 1899. ENTERED according to Act of Congress, in the year 1858, by G. M. NEWTON, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York. PREFACE. PUBLIC THE Practical Miner's Guide, by J. Budge, was republished in the pages of the Mining Magazine during the year 1856, and from the favorable manner in which it was received, the present publisher has been induced to reproduce it with such additions and alterations as seemed requisite to make it still more useful. As now arranged, it will be found to be at once the most complete, reliable, and useful book, to the Practical Miner, in the English language. In making the additions, the best practical authorities have been consulted and referred to, and it would seem proper that they should be mentioned here. "Greenwell's Treatise on Mine Engineering," "Annales des Mines," "Handbuch de Bergbau und Huttenkund, by Carl Hartmann," "Ponson on Coal Mining," "Phillips, Blackwell, Mackworth, and Hopton on Ventilation," "Combe's Traite de l'Exploitation des Mines,' "Herbert Mackworth on Artesian Wells," &c., &c. The great advantage of the diffusion of information of a practical character, is in no branch of industry more clearly apparent than in that of Mining. Its object may be considered two-fold; the first being the instruction of those who are contemplating Mining as a profession, and also those who are at present placed in situations of responsibility, but who, in many instances, know very little of the first principles of subjects with which they ought to be thoroughly conversant. Throughout this volume the benefit of the Practical Miner has been constantly kept in view, and the tables can be relied upon, and may be received and applied to the most difficult and mportant apérations in dialling, with the utmost confidence. In conclusion, we have generally used such terms as are common to mining operations, believing that this phraseology will render the work far more acceptable to those for whose use it is designed. EXPLANATION OF THE DIAGRAMS. TABLE I. Page 45. In this scheme the hypothenuse is made radius, consequently the other sides are the sine and cosine of the included angle. Corollary. Suppose one end of the line A B to remain at A while the other end B is moved round from e to f, then it is evident that the base CB will continue to increase, and the perpendicular B D to decrease, until the whole quadrant has been swept off. At 45°, or the middle of the quadrant, the base and perpendicular are equal, and from that point to 90° the base will increase in the same ratio as the perpendicular decreased from 1° to 45°; hence the propriety of the arrangement of this table in counting the degrees backward from 45 to 90. TABLE II. PAGE 51. Here the perpendicular is made radius, therefore the hypothenuse A C will be the secant, and the base B C the tangent of the angle A. On this principle it is clear, that as the angle increases the base and hypothenuse will continue (throughout the whole quadrant) to increase in proportion. TABLE III. Page 57. In this diagram the base is made radius, therefore by mathematical demonstration the perpendicular AC is the co-tangent, and the hypothenuse BC the co-secant, of the angle C; and here it will be plain, that as the angle C is increased, the hypothenuse and perpendicular will, proportionably, be diminished. |