MEDICINE AND ANATOMY.

(Physiology.)

This Professorship was founded by the first Duke of Chandos in 1721. The Professor is appointed by the University Court. For details of the courses in Physiology, vide pp. 169, 170, 171.

CHEMISTRY.

This Professorship was founded in 1808, but the endowment only became available in 1840. The Professor is appointed by the University Court.

Scheme of Courses.

Theoretical Chemistry.

Two courses of Lectures are given during the Winter Session, one course of 100 to the Ordinary Class, and one course of 100 to the Honours Class.

Ordinary Class.-This Class is intended to meet the requirements in Theoretical Chemistry of candidates for the M.A., First Science, and First Professional M.B., Ch.B. Examinations. It. meets at 11 o'clock on five days in the week. In addition to the daily Lecture, one hour weekly is devoted to tutorial instruction which is free to Members of the Class. Five examinations are held.

Honours Class.-This Class meets on five days in the week at hours which are arranged at the beginning of the Session, and is intended for candidates for the Final Science Examination. Three or four examinations are held.

Practical Chemistry.

The Laboratory is open daily, Saturdays excepted, from 9 A.M. to 1 P.M. Students engaged in research are admitted by special arrangement also in the afternoon and evening.

Ordinary Class.-The practical course in connection with the Ordinary Class of Theoretical Chemistry comprises a minimum of 50 hours' work, but Students beginning the subject and all candidates in science are recommended to give to it at least 75 to 100 hours.

Honours Classes. Two courses of instruction are given, namely:

(1) A course of 300 hours, which is connected with the abovementioned Honours Class in Theoretical Chemistry.

(2) A more advanced course of at least 200 hours, intended for candidates who purpose taking the Final Science Examination on the higher standard. This practical course constitutes of itself one of the higher courses of instruction prescribed for candidates for the Final Science Examination [see Regulations for Graduation in Science, IX. (4)].

Original Research.-A certain number of working places in the Laboratory will be allotted without fee to Students who are competent to undertake original investigation.

Syllabus of Subjects.

Theoretical Chemistry.

Ordinary Class.-The Introductory Lectures treat of the nature of chemical action, the classification of substances into elements and compounds, the phenomena of oxidation, and the composition of air and water. The laws of chemical combination and the atomic theory are next discussed, after which the more commonly occurring elements and inorganic compounds are described systematically. The latter part of the course is devoted to the Elements of Organic Chemistry.

The chemistry of manufactures will be referred to only cursorily; special attention, on the other hand, will be given to those parts of the science which are of general educational value, and as much of the Theory of Chemistry will be introduced as is compatible with elementary treatment.

The text-books recommended are Newth's Inorganic Chemistry, Perkin's Organic Chemistry, Dobbin and Walker's Chemical Theory, Dobbin's Arithmetical Problems in Chemistry.

Honours Class.-About 60 Lectures are given on Organic Chemistry, and the rest of the course is devoted partly to Advanced Systematic Inorganic Chemistry, but chiefly to Chemical Theory and Physical Chemistry.

Books recommended: Richter's Inorganic Chemistry, or Remsen's Text-book of Inorganic Chemistry, in addition to Newth's Inorganic Chemistry; Perkin's, Bernthsen's, or Richter's Organic Chemistry; Walker's Physical Chemistry, Nernst's Theoretical Chemistry, Ostwald's Outlines of General Chemistry.

Practical Chemistry.

The work pursued in the Laboratory comprises: (1) The performance of experiments illustrative of the principles of

Inorganic and Organic Chemistry; (2) Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis; (3) Original Investigation. Each Student pursues an independent course of study under the supervision of the Professor or Demonstrator, the nature of the work varying with the proficiency of the Student, and the particular object he may have in view.

Ordinary Class. The course for candidates for the M.A., First Science, and First Professional M.B., Ch. B. Examinations consists of the experiments mentioned under (1), and Simple Qualitative Analysis.

Honours Classes. - The two courses for candidates for the Final Science Examination comprise the following: :

(1) Qualitative Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Mixtures, Simple Gravimetric and Volumetric Estimations, Preparation of Pure Organic Compounds.

(2) Quantitative Analysis of Mixtures, Elementary Gas Analysis, Quantitative Organic Analysis (Combustions, &c.)

Books recommended: Ordinary Class-Elementary Qualitative and Elementary Quantitative Analysis, Clowes; Newth's Manual of Chemical Analysis. Honours Class-Practical Chemistry and Qualitative Analysis, Clowes and Coleman; Quantitative Analysis, Clowes and Coleman; Newth's Manual of Chemical Analysis; Practical Methods of Organic Chemistry, Gattermann.

THEORY, HISTORY, AND PRACTICE OF EDUCATION.

This Chair was founded in 1876 by the Trustees of Dr Bell-the Earl of Leven and Melville, Viscount Kirkcaldy, and Mr John Cook, W.S., Edinburgh. It contemplates the instruction and training of Teachers in the Art of Teaching; and the subject is divided into Three Parts-the Theory, the History, and the Practice.

The Professor delivers a full course of 100 Lectures qualifying for the Degree of M.A.

ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE.

On 15th January 1897 Her Majesty the Queen in Council declared her approbation of an Ordinance issued by the Scottish Universities Commission of 1889 instituting a Professorship of English Literature in the United College (to be called the Berry Chair of English Literature in the University of St Andrews). The Professor is appointed by the University Court.

The work of the Ordinary Class, which will meet daily at 10 A.M., will comprise the following subjects :

1. Principles of Criticism.

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2. De Quincey's Essay on Rhetoric Sublime.

- Longinus, On the

3. Special books: Chaucer, Knight's Tale, and Nun's Priest's Tale; Shakespeare, King Lear, and As You Like It; Palgrave, Golden Treasury, Book III.; Burns, Logie Robertson's Selections; Tennyson's In Memoriam ; Austin Dobson, Eighteenth Century Essays; Burke, Thoughts on Present Discontents.

4. The History of English and Scottish Literature from 1660

to 1798.

The work of the Honours Class, which will meet at 9 A.M. on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, will comprise the following subjects:

1. Old English, Cook and Sweet. Beowulf.

2. History of the English Language. Morris and Skeat's Selections.

3. Shakespeare's Roman Plays and Cymbeline, Winter's Tale, and The Tempest.

A class for Old English will meet as may be arranged.

Subject prescribed for Summer Study.

The whole poetical work of Scott and Keats.

Subject of Prize Poem-" Hamnet Shakespeare."

LECTURESHIPS.

BOTANY.

At a meeting of the University Court, held on 6th April 1891, Principal Donaldson reported that a donation of £1000 had been received by him from a gentleman interested in the University (the late Dr Cleghorn of Stravithie), towards the endowment of a Botanical Lectureship, or future Chair in the United College. At the same meeting a Lecturer in Botany in the United College was appointed during the pleasure of the Court. The appointment has been renewed from time to time under the provisions of Ordinance No. 17 (General No. 10) of the Scottish Universities Commission of 1889.

The following are the Class arrangements proposed for the next session:

I. Junior Courses

Scheme of Courses.

1. A Winter Course of 100 meetings (50 Lectures and 50 meetings Practical Work of 1-2 hours each) on separate days at 9 A.M.

2. A Summer Course of 100 meetings (two meetings daily), consisting of: (a) Theoretical Course (50 Lectures), daily at 8 A.M.; (b) Practical Course (50 meetings of 1-2 hours each), daily at 9 A.M.

3. A Series of Demonstrations, supplementing the work of the Practical Class, in Garden, Museum, and Laboratory.

Two Theoretical and one Practical Examinations, each of two hours, are held. Either course, Summer or Winter, qualifies for the First B.Sc., and M.B., Ch. B. Examinations. For Graduation in Arts, the following are qualifying courses: (a) the full Winter Course of 100 meetings; or (b) the Summer Lectures (50), along with the Winter Practical Course (50 meetings); or (c) the Winter Lectures (50), along with the Summer Practical Class (50 meetings); or (d) the Theoretical and Practical Courses taken in separate Summer Sessions.

II. Advanced Courses, given in Summer and Winter Sessions, and intended for Students working for the Final Science Examination.

1. A Theoretical Course of 50 or more Lectures, at 3 P.M. 2. A Practical Class (100 hours or more), at 4 P.M.

Two Theoretical Examinations, each of 2-3 hours, and two Practical Examinations, each at least of 3 hours' duration, are held.

III. Botanical Excursions. These take place on Saturdays. Various districts of the county are explored, and local collections made. Junior Students receive training in plant diagnosis, and make acquaintance with British plants in their native habitats, while Advanced Students have facilities for obtaining the intimate knowledge of British genera and species required in the Final Science Examination.

IV. The Botanic Garden, containing a type collection of plants arranged according to Natural Orders, is open to all members of the Class for the study of Systematic Botany.

V. The Herbarium Collections of British Flowering-Plants, of Mosses, Lichens, &c., may be consulted under the superintendence of the Lecturer.

VI. The Botanical Museum contains a collection of specimens bearing on the work of the Classes, and is open to all members.

I. Junior Classes

Syllabus of Work.

1. The Lecture Course deals with the Morphology and Physiology of Plant Cells, Tissues, and Organs, General Plant Physiology, Development, Classification, and Distribution as exemplified by selected types.