(A.V.) If they be come out for peace, or if they be come out for war, take them alive. For more on 'Whether' see § 99, Obs. 2. Obs, 2.-The interrogative and demonstrative adverbs are for the most part derived from the old adverbial cases of the interrogative and demonstrative pronouns [See Morris', Hist. E. Gr. § 226]. They are however most thoroughly adverbs, and are so termed and treated in our analysis. 66. A predicative Adjective may be followed by either a cognate or an indirect object. This statement applies, not only to an adjective used as a complement, but also to an adjective used as an adverbial attribute or as a co-ordinating attribute, inasmuch as both of these involve a new predication. The noun following the modern adjective 'worth' may be taken as a cognate object, although the older form of 'worthy' is followed by an indirect object. Thus 'It is worth a shilling' [cog.]; 'The workman is worthy of his meat' [ind.] = in O.E. 'Se wyrhta is wyrde his metes' [gen. case]. = With probably the exception of 'worth,' all other adjectives requiring completion, e.g. like, ready, guilty, forgetful, devoid, &c. &c., will be found to take an indirect object, as 'They are like [to] children' [ind.] in O.E. Hí sind ge-líce cildum ' [dat. case]; 'I am ready to go' [ind.] in O.E. 'Ic eom gearn tó farenne' [dat. infin.]; 'He is guilty of death' [ind.] = in O.E. 'He is déades [gen. case] scyldig.' = 67. Co-ordination in the Primary Sentence:-With the exception of the main finite verb, any word, phrase, or clause, belonging to the primary sentence may have one or more co-ordinate terms, whose co-ordinate relations are almost always indicated by co-ordinate conjunctions (§ 119). When there is more than one main finite verb we have a Compound Sentence (§ 118). Words, phrases, and clauses are said to co-ordinate with other words, phrases, or clauses, when, taken separately or together, they bear the same relation to some other term in the sentence. In the following primary sentences the co-ordinate terms are indicated, Cats and dogs were fighting'; 'I saw George or Robert'; 'Smoke was here, there, and everywhere'; 'They are neither brave nor good'; 'He is slow but clever'; 'She is said to be amiable and lovely'; 'He is either drunk or in a rage'; 'Whether you are right or wrong is not the question'; 'That you should be amused and that she should be angry surprises them.' 68. In analysing sentences it is necessary to have some concise method of indicating results. The best possible plan is that of tabular Description. It is to be found in Dr. Morell's well-known and invaluable Grammar and Analysis, and may with a slight modification of the terminology be adopted by those who use this work. A System of Analytic Marks appears however to be a desideratum,-a system which, by a few dashes of the pen, may enable the student adequately to indicate the functional elements. It is probable that, in dealing with long and involved sentences, any scheme of marks would become so intricate as to be practically valueless; but in the analysis of ordinary sentences the following marks will be found useful, especially in teaching those whose minds should not be burthened with technicalities. The successive expansions of this system will be found in §§ 94, 117, 123, 124. Quotations are placed within double inverted commas. Ellipses are supplied outside single inverted commas, or within brackets. Connections are indicated by hyphens, dashes, or sometimes by prolongations of the Mark, according as the Student finds convenient. N.B. In applying these marks the Student will do well not only to treat all the periphrastic forms given in §§ 19, 20 as single verbs, but also to allow the verb 'do' to sink into the infinitive which completes it. The numbers placed below the analytic marks call attention to the section where the particular element is explained. Go [thou] home, or 'Go' thou 'home.' That the old man would go if he could is certain. 37 34 Jack and Jill went up the hill. 67 He asked "Who is there?" 34, 4I THE SIMPLE SENTENCE. 69. The Simple Sentence [§ 35] differs from the primary sentence by reason of its additions being accidental, i.e., not essential to the meaning of the predicate and it differs from the complex and compound sentences by reason of its accidental additions never consisting of a subordinate or co-ordinate clause. All additions to the primary sentence serve two great purposes, viz. (1) to restrict directly or indirectly the range of some noun, verb, adjective, or adverb; (2) to introduce the germ of some independent or co-ordinate idea. In the simple sentence these additions may be tabulated as follows: adverbial-attributes, §81. Verbs and verbals, Adjectives and adverbs} directly limited by Adverbials, §§ 82–92. Obs. 1.—Of the Verbal-Nouns, the gerund may be limited either as a verb or a noun; but the Infinitive only as a verb. Obs. 2.—The Complementary apposites, attributes, and adverbials are considered under the Primary Sentence [§§ 39, 59]. 70. Apposites are substantivals inserted as it were over against another substantival,--the two being in the same regimen. Apposites are of various kinds according to the |