any thing so, and what he made elementally, and left to the affinities which he had given to it, is utterly impracticable. Whether he created a certain stratum in situ, or caused it to grow out of materials which he had already created and endowed with certain properties, is a speculation, the absolute decision of which is in certain cases beyond the range of human intelligence. Yet there are analogies and probabilities which may reasonably be weighed, and whether they lead, with Mr. Penn, to the conclusion, that certain rocks were created just where and how they now stand, without the interference of secondary causes; or whether, with the students of other schools, they be thought to have originated in causes now in existence, or that once were in existence, we see not that either of these hypotheses leads of necessity to any theological inference hostile to truth or Scripture. (To be continued.) Literary and Philosophical Intelligence, etc. MAP OF PALESTINE.-Mr. A. Finley has just published a map of Palestine, which we hesitate not to recommend to Sabbath-school teachers, and to all who desire to obtain an accurate geographical knowledge of the Holy Land, both in its ancient and modern state. We have examined it with some care; and as a single map of Palestine, we give it a decided preference to any other we have seen. The Blind.-Hulderich Schoenberger, born at Weida, in 1601, became blind in his third year.-He became a master of arts and a teacher of languages at Holstein. He understood French, Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Syrian and Arabic. His knowledge of mathematics, and natural and moral philosophy was extensive. He played on the organ and other instruments. He held disputations about colours and the rainbow at Konigsberg. He played at nine-pins; and shot right at a mark, whose place was pointed out to him by knocking. Rolli, born at Rome, in 1685, blind in his fifth year, acquired a great knowledge in medicine and mathematics, was a poet, and wrote a tragedy, Porsenna, which is in print. Griesinger, born at Worms, in 1638, learned eight languages, and disputed with applause at Jena. Peter Hareng, of Normandy, blind in his ninth year, repaired all kind of watches. Therese V. Paradies, blind in her second year, gave concerts with great applause in Paris, London, and Berlin, and gave instructions on the piano. Griepels is the inventor of a press in a paper mill at Plauen, by which two men can do in one minute and a half, as much as six or eight can do in five. Joseph Kleinhans, of Tyrol, blind in his fourth year, carved statues and figures in wood, the parts of which were in due proportion, and which expressed affection, delight, and other mental affections. foundly instructed in reading, writing, arithmetic, geography, history, and music. He could perform many handicraft works, such as making laces and baskets, and execute very fine works in turning and joining wood. He was the first pupil with whom the Director Klein at Vienna made the first experiment, in instructing the blind, the success of which was the occasion of founding the institution for the blind at Vienna. Jacob Braun, born in 1785, was pro Mrs. Hannah More.-Mrs. Hannah More, was born in 1745. She was the daughter of a clergyman whose residence was at Hanham, near Bristol. Her love of knowledge early displayed itself, and induced her, after exhausting the slender domestic library, to have recourse to borShe rerowing from village friends. moved in the year 1766, with her four sisters, to Bristol, where they jointly conducted a boarding school for young ladies, with great and deserved celebrity. In various works of charity, particularly in the establishment of schools for the poor, these excellent sisters co-operated, bringing to the relief of ignorance and penury, the unwearied energy of congenial spirits. In this hallowed seclusion, the three elder inmates paid the debt of na ture, in the order of their birth, each hav. ing attained her 75th year; and in the autumn of 1819, the youngest was taken at the age of 67, leaving the beloved survivor to pursue a solitary pilgrimage. Mrs. More was rather short, but other wise of an usual size, with a face that never could have been handsome, and never other than agreeable. She had a remarkably bright and intellectual eye; it was as clear, and seemed as fully awake with mind and soul, as if it had but lately opened on a world full of novelty. The whole of her face was strongly characterized by cheerfulness. pro In tracing the literary course of this distinguished personage, from her first duction, the "Search After Happiness," to her last, the "Spirit of Prayer," embracing a period of nearly half a century, it is impossible not to be impressed with that spirit of benevolence which pervades the whole. Is it not desirable to call the soul from the feverish agitation of worldly pursuits, to the contemplation of Divine Wisdom in the beautiful economy of nature? Is it not a privilege to walk with God in the Garden of Creation, and hold converse with his providence? If such elevated feelings do not lead to the study of nature, it can. not far be pursued without rewarding the student by exciting them.-[Smith's Botany. Botany is not to be learnt in a closet. You must go into the gardens, or the field, and there become familiar with nature herself, with that beauty, order, regularity, and inexhaustible variety, which is found in the structure of vegetables; and that wonderful fitness to its end which we perceive in every work of creation. [Waterhouse on Botany. There are certain simple propositions in the Christian religion, which are suited, in a peculiar manner, to the infant state of reason and moral sensibility. A clergyman of long experience in the instruction of youth informed me, that he always found children acquired religious knowledge more easily than knowledge upon other subjects, and that young girls acquired this kind of knowledge more readily than boys. The female breast is the natural soil of Christianity; and while our women are taught to believe its doctrines, and obey its precepts, the wit of Voltaire, and the style of Bolingbroke, will never be able to destroy its influence upon our citizens.-[Rush on Education. American Manufactured Hosiery-We have examined specimens of the Hosiery manufactured by the Boston Lace, Hosiery and Glove Company. One of these specimens is of silk raised in Dedham, and is only a beginning of what will, we trust, one day, be a profitable and permanent business. All the specimens we have examined are of superior texture, and we believe dealers generally give a preference to the goods of this company over those imported. The company's store is at 262 Washington Street, corner of Avon Place, Boston. It is with pride and pleasure that we record instances of American skill and industry-the more especially in the manufacture of articles for which hitherto we have been dependent upon foreigners.The day is not far distant, when the manufacture and culture of silk in this coun try, will supersede the necessity of shipping such immense quantities of specie to foreign countries for the purchase of fabrics for which we can return no other equivalent. Temperance in the Navy-The following is an extract from a letter addressed to the Massachusetts Temperance Society, by Levi Woodbury, Secretary of the Navy. "It gives me great pleasure to state, that the Pacific, as well as the Mediterranean squadron, has almost entirely aban doned the use of ardent spirits, and that the subsequent improvement in health and conduct among the crews of the former squadron, has become the topic of remark by both the surgeons and other offi cers. The schooner Experiment, now on our own coast, had most if not all of her men selected with a view to a further and full experiment on this interesting subject; and by perseverance in holding out inducements for a voluntary abandonment of the use of daily poison, I trust the waste of life, and the frequency and severity of punishments, will not only be lessened, but a great moral revolution will in time, be permanently established among a class of men, who have hitherto been too often considered irreclaimable." Minerals. Some very beautiful speci mens of Bituminous Coal and Manganese, were dug from the feeder of the Delaware and Raritan Canal, a short distance above Trenton. The manganese is remarkably pure, and appears to be in large quantities. Coal, in small deposits, has been discovered in various parts of the state, and the present is believed to be of the same description. We sincerely hope the Legislature will not rise without making provision for the geological survey recommended by both governors. New Jersey is undoubtedly possessed of immense wealth in her mineral resources, which a scientific survey would develop and render available. Religious Intelligence. FOREIGN. We extract the two following articles from the London Missionary Chronicle for December last-The first article exhibits, in a very striking manner, the influence of genuine Christianity in meliorating the condition of savage life-It speaks more than a volume of arguments, in confutation of the infidel objection, that the condition law-suits about land, since we have been here. In a late one, the person who lost the suit, and was censured by the judges, made an appeal to the supreme court at Tahiti; in consequence of which, two of the supreme judges, Tati, the principal chief of Papara, and Utami, the principal chief of Atahuru, with one or two inferior court-officers and other attendants, came over to decide the business. They held their court in a large public native building, near our present residence. About 10 A. M., a crier was sent about the town to give notice, and to assemble the people. While the people were assembling, I went into the court to learn whether we might expect the judges to honour us with their company to dinner. On approaching and saluting them, they immediately desired me to take a seat by them on the bench, which I begged to decline; and, making known my business, and having received ly have remained to witness the examinatheir answer, I withdrew. I should gladtion of the case, and the proceedings of the court, but knowing that the judges would have me to sit near them, had I re of the heathen is not rendered better, but worse, by their conversion to Christianity This article puts the infidel to the worse on his own ground-leaving out of view the eternal destinies of man in a future state, which with the Christian is the consideration that absorbs every other. But here is an example of the peaceable and equitable adjustment of a controversy, in what a few years since mained, and that I might be suspected of using my influence with them, in favour was a heathen island; and which, of one of the parties in preference to the at that time, would probably not other, I thought it prudent to absent myhave been settled but by civil war self. The two judges were dressed nearand much bloodshed. Now it is ly alike, and had a very respectable, yea, venerable and noble appearance, being settled, in a manner not exceed-robed in long scarlet dresses which reached by courts and judges in countries where Christianity has long been established-an example which, in some respects, might, we think, be followed with great advantage. Eimeo is one of the Society or Georgian islands, about 10 miles long and 5 broad, and about 12 miles distant from Tahiti, or Otaheite, on which it appears to be dependent; and the judges of Tahiti, it seems, are appealed to in the last resort. The Rev. William Henry is the English missionary on this island, and by him the following account was sent to the London Missionary Society. Visit of Judges of the Supreme Court at We have witnessed much contention among some of the people, and several ed nearly to their feet, which, from the the satisfaction it gave me to learn that will, I doubt not, excuse my giving so particular an account of the abovementioned Occurrences. I feel persuaded you will peruse it with interest. The following is the second article to which we have referred above. We regard it as a duty, to lay before our readers any statement made by that veteran, learned, and devoted missionary, Robert Morrison, and submitted by him "to the conscientious consideration of all who love our Lord Jesus Christ in sincerity, to whatever church or nation they may belong." CHINESE MISSIONS. Opinions on the means of diffusing Christian knowledge throughout the Chinese language nations, and the Chinese settlements on the Asiatic Islands of the Eastern Ocean, from Java to Kamschatka, and from the coast of China to the Bonin Islands, near Japan.-February, 1832. I. A CENTRAL STATION, supplied with books, teachers, students, preachers, authors, and presses. Say Malacca, at the Anglo-Chinese College. The languages to be employed areChinese-in the Mandarin, Fokeen, and Canton Dialects. Malayan, Bugis, Siamese. Cochin Chinese, Japanese, Corean, Loo-chuan. II. LOCAL STATIONS, as at Pinang, Singapore, Java, Siam, Canton, and other places, where a residence can be obtained. III. ITINERANT PREACHERS, and distributors of Christian books at all these stations, to the number and extent that are practicable. IV. SCHOOLS both for boys and girls, wherever practicable. V. LOCAL PRESSES for the vernacular dialects, from which religious tracts and monthly publications should be issued. VI., and lastly. Christian voyagers, with preachers, bibles, and tracts, to go among the islands of the Eastern Ocean, and along the coasts of the continental nations, every where scattering the seed of the word-by preaching, and conversation, and books-from time to time form ing new stations, and annually visiting churches already planted. The agents desirable to effect these ope rations, under the power of Jehovah, our Aleim-Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, are as follows: 1st. Opulent Christians locating themCh. Adv.-VOL. XI. selves at any station they please, to render such voluntary aid as they deem right to those preachers, schoolmasters, schoolmistresses, poor Christian scholars, or native converts, who may join the missions. 2d. Missionaries sent from and support. ed by existing missionary societies. supported by voluntary associations or congregations. 3d. Teachers of schools sent out and 4th. Pious naval officers, or other seafaring Christian men, acting as volunteers to perform one or more voyages. 5th. Owners of ships, or merchants, making a single trading voyage, or more, as they see fit, subservient to missionary pursuits. 6th. Voyaging preachers to be joined by one or more younger missionaries, to assist in all cases of sickness, danger, &c.; also to learn the languages spoken-to become acquainted with and fitted for the work to be performed-or to remain be hind where opportunities occur, and origi. nate new stations. The families of married voyagers to be taken care of, if desired, at the central, or some local station. All the parties in these voyages to be volunteers. 7th. Native vessels may sometimes be freighted by Christian associations, or induced, by pecuniary considerations, to undertake missionary voyages, carrying on, in subordination thereto, in order to lessen the expense, their trading concerns. 8th. Local associations of Christians, in any part of the world, to afford pecuniary aid to such voyages or persons as they may approve of. These opinions are, with the greatest respect, submitted to the conscientious consideration of all those who love our Lord Jesus Christ in sincerity, to whatever church or nation they may belong, by their fellow-servant, (Signed) ROBERT MORrison. In the twenty-fifth year of his missionary labours abroad. From the Appendix to the Ch. Obs. of 1833. The Monthly (Socinian) Repository, lately stated, on the authority of a foreign correspondent, that there is a project for the union of the Lutheran and Calvinistic churches in France, the basis of which is insinuated to be, not those essential truths of the gospel in which both Luther and Calvin agreed, but a sceptical spirit with regard to them. The Protestants of Paris have contradicted the report, and maintain that no such plan has ever been in agitation. If a union, between the Calvinists and Lutherans could be accomplished on Scriptural grounds, we should hail it as a M step towards healing the wounds of our common Christianity; but if both are to give way to Socinianism or Neology, the infidel amalgamation were infinitely worse than the honest schism. The French minister of public instruction and religion compiled last year a statistical account of the primary schools in France. From this important document, we learn that till lately the system of national instruction was confined to a very small number of schools; but it is now likely to become general. There are in France 38,135 communes; of these 13,987 were found three years ago entirely destitute of schools; in the remaining 24,148, there were 29,618 Catholic schools, 904 Protestant, and 62 Jewish. The schools were attended in winter by 1,372,206 pupils, and in summer by 681,005. The whole number of boys in the communes, from five to twelve years of age, is 2,401,178. Qut of 282,985 young persons between the age of twenty and twentyone, 13,159 can read; 112,363 can read and write; 149,824 (more than half) can do neither; 7,639 uncertain. There are fifteen model primary schools for training teachers. Fuller tables, including girls' schools, are to be prepared triennially and are to be presented to the Chambers. National character may be read in the very titles of books. A pious and zeal ous pastor lately published in Paris "The Cholera Morbus-an Ode-with some reflections as to the Propriety of Charity Balls for Cholera Hospitals." The good minister says, that it might seem strange to be tagging verses when the cholera was raging around; but his wish was to remind his suffering countrymen of the gospel of salvation, and an ode seemed the most popular form of so doing. He very properly censures, not only "cholera balls," but charity balls of all kinds. The professorship of morality and sacred eloquence, at Montauban, which has been so long vacant has not yet been filled up. More than two years ago the matter was all but settled; but the minister who was likely to be appointed being considered" a Methodist" (for our French neighbours have adopted this appellation) two or three of the professors have continued, by various means, to keep the matter sus pended to this hour. In the mean time, notwithstanding all the efforts of Montau. ban and Geneva, evangelical truth is making rapid progress among the French Protestants, and especially among the younger pastors. A Jew, and two Jewesses were lately baptized in Paris upon a solemn confession of their faith in Christ. May these be the first fruits of an abundant harvest! M. Gapp of the Lutheran church, who pronounced the nuptial benediction at the marriage of the King of Belgium with the eldest daughter of the King of the French, presented his Majesty after the marriage with the Bible which had been used upon the occasion, which King Leopold accepted with great respect and cordiality. M. Gepp, and two other Protestant ministers who accompanied him, had an interview with the king, at which they informed him of the present state of Protestantism, and the progress of Bible societies. From the Missionary Record. GREEK MISSION. No intelligence has been received by the Society from the Missionaries in Greece for several months. We have, however, been favoured with the perusal of letters from one of the ladies connected with the mission to her friends in this country; and with their permission present to our readers the following, from a communication dated October 3d:. A "Our troubles are now forgotten, our daily song is 'see what the Lord has done for us.' It is impossible to express the gratitude I feel for the accession of so many valuable friends to this cause. Greek of high reputation for learning, and a great admirer of the writings of the ancient sages of his country, would quote from them frequently during his visits to us, concluding with is not this a highly virtuous sentiment?' Mr. would assent, but add, I can produce one more His selections were from the gospel, and never failed to raise the admiration of our visiter. It was proposed as a pleasant and profitable evening exercise, that he should cite from the classics, and Mr. from the gospel on corresponding subjects, and compare and analyze the selections. Those from the latter received this gentleman's unqualified assent to their superiority. The Greeks have a great reverence for the Scriptures, and though the New Testament only is printed in the common language, they earnestly desire to read the Old. This is explained to the boys every Saturday, and we trust the time is not remote, when even in the 'eye of Greece,' the effusions of the sweet songs of Israel, the sublime strains of Isaiah, and the pathetic lamentations of Jeremiah, will be more admired, even in a literary view, by the student and man of letters, than the productions of its ancient poets, historians and sages." It affords us great pleasure to be able to add to the above gratifying information, the following interesting extract from the correspondence of an intelligent and accomplished American lady at present in the Mediterranean, but in no way associated with the mission: "October 2d, 1832.- ** In the mean |