kuma, of the Kauai royal family, from whom Kaumualii, the last independent Kauai king, descended. kahi. Mailikukahi was the son of Kukahiaililani and Koka- Mailikulola. His father was fourth in descent from Maelo and her husband Lauli-a-Laa, and he thus represented both the Maweke and Paumakua families; a fact which gave him and his descendants no little importance among the Hawaiian aristocracy. Mailikukahi is said to have been born at Kukaniloko, and thus enjoyed the prestige of the tabu attached to all who were born at that hallowed place. After his installation as Moi he made Waikiki in the Kona district his permanent residence, and with few exceptions the place remained the seat of the Oahu kings until Honolulu harbour was discovered to be accessible to large shipping. On the Oahu legends Mailikukahi occupies a prominent place for his wise, firm, and judicious government. He caused the island to be thoroughly surveyed, and the boundaries between the different divisions and lands to be definitely and permanently marked out, thus obviating future disputes between neighbouring chiefs and landholders. He caused to be enacted a code of laws, in which theft and rapine were punishable with death. He also caused another ordinance to be enacted and proclaimed, which the legend says found great favour with both chiefs and commoners, namely, that all first-born male children should be handed over to the Moi, to be by him brought up and educated. He was a religious chief withal, built several Heiaus, held the priests in honour, and discountenanced human sacrifices. The island of Oahu is said to have become very populous during his reign, and thrift and prosperity abounded. I have before (p. 70) referred to the expedition by some Hawaii chiefs, Hilo-a-Lakapu, Hilo-a Hilo-Kapuhi, and Punaluu, joined by Luakoa of Maui, which invaded Oahu during the reign of Mailikukahi. It cannot be considered as a war between the two islands, but rather as a Kalona-iki. Piliwale. raid by some restless and turbulent Hawaii chiefs, whom the pacific temper of Mailikukahi and the wealthy condition of his island had emboldened to attempt the enterprise, as well as the éclat that would attend them if successful, a very frequent motive alone in those days. The invading force landed at first at Waikiki, but, for reasons not stated in the legend, altered their mind, and proceeded up the Ewa lagoon and marched inland. At Waikakalaua they met Mailikukahi with his forces, and a sanguinary battle ensued. The fight continued from there to the Kipapa gulch. The invaders were thoroughly defeated, and the gulch is said to have been literally paved with the corpses of the slain, and received its name, Kipapa," from this circumstance. Punaluu was slain on the plain which bears his name, the fugitives were pursued as far as Waimano, and the head of Hilo was cut off and carried in triumph to Honouliuli, and stuck up at a place. still called Poo-Hilo. Mailikukahi's wife was Kanepukoa, but to what branch of the aristocratic families of the country she belonged has not been retained on the legends. They had two sons, Kalonanui and Kalona-iki, the latter succeeding his father as Moi of Oahu. Kalona-iki appears to have followed in the footsteps of his father, and observed the laws and policy inaugurated by him. The island was quiet and continued prosperous. No attacks from abroad, no convulsions within, have been remembered in the legends during his time. His wife was Kikinui-a-Ewa. Her parents are not mentioned, but it is said that she belonged to the great family of Ewauli-a-Lakona, the great-grandson of Maweke. Kalona-iki's children, as known, were Piliwale, Lo-Lale, and Kamaleamaka. The first succeeded him as Moi, the second we have already referred to, and of the third nothing more is known. Of Piliwale's reign no legends remain, and it may be presumed that the country enjoyed the same tranquillity and good fortune which had attended the reigns of his father and grandfather. His wife was Paakanilea, but of what descent is now not known. They had two daughters, one named Kukaniloko, who succeeded her father as Moi of Oahu, the other named Kohipalaoa, who married Kaholia-Lale, her cousin, and son of Lo-Lale and Keleanohoanaapiapi. loko. Of Kukaniloko's reign the legends are equally meagre, Kukaniexcept that she is frequently referred to as a great and powerful chiefess, who kept the country quiet and orderly. Her husband was a Maui chief named Luaia, grandson of Kukaalaneo. They had two children, Kalaimanuia, a daughter, and Kauwahimakaweo, of whom nothing further is known. MOLOKAI. The island of Molokai during this period, from Laamaikahiki to Kukaniloko and her contemporary Piilani, presents no legendary lore of historical importance except the disaster which befell its principal chief, Kahokuohua, from the invasion of Kalaunuiohua, the Moi of Hawaii, referred to on page 67. The possession of the island had not yet become a political bone of contention between the Oahu and Maui kings, and its internal affairs apparently did not attract the attention of the neighbouring islands. Among the local legends of the island referring to the early part of this period is one which mentions Kupa as having been a brother of Laamaikahiki, and as having come with him from Tahiti, and become a principal chief of the eastern portion of Molokai. He is said to have resided at Mapulehu, and he and his household were destroyed and drowned by an extraordinary waterspout or freshet coming down the mountain and flooding the valley. It is also said that the Heiaus of Kahakoililani at Waialua, and of Iliiliopae at Mapulehu existed at this time, though the building of the latter has also been attributed to later times. Ahukini-a- Kukona. KAUAI. On the exploits and achievements of the Kauai sovereigns and chiefs during this period the ancient legends are very incomplete. The line of sovereigns or Mois seems to have been kept, without exception, in that branch of the Laamaikahiki family which descended through his second son, Ahukini-a-Laa. How the dynastic differences between the older and powerful Puna and Maweke families, separately or jointly through Moikeha's children, and the comparatively later Laa-maikahiki descendants, were settled so as to confirm the sovereignty in the line of the latter, I have found no record of. Certain it is that the older lines had not become extinct, for their scions. were referred to in much later times as enjoying a degree of tabu and consideration which greatly enhanced the dignity of the Ahukini-a-Laa descendants when joined with them in marriage. Of Ahukini-a-Laa no legend remains. His wife was Hai-a-Kamaio, granddaughter of Luaehu, one of the southern emigrant chiefs during the previous period. Their son was Kamahano, of whom nothing also is known, except that his wife's name was Kaaueanuiokalani, of unknown descent, and that their son was Luanuu. Equally curt notice remains of the reign of Luanuu. His wife's name on the genealogy is Kalanimoeikawaikai, but she could hardly have been the same who figures on the Muliele Kumuhonua genealogy as the wife of Nawele, the grandson of Elepuukahonua, the latter being fifth from Maweke, while the former was eighth from Maweke on the contemporary line of Paumakua. Luanuu's son was Kukona, of whom mention has already been made in narrating the war of invasion undertaken by Kalaunuiohua, the sovereign of Hawaii, p. 67. It would appear that during these three generations from Laamaikahiki to Kukona, Kauai, its government and chiefs, had been living apart, or not mingled much with the chiefs or events on the other islands. Indigenous Kauai legends referring to this period have perished, and up to Kukona's time naught but the royal genealogy remains. But the war with the Hawaii chief, and the terrible defeat and capture of the latter, as well as Kukona's generous conduct towards the Oahu, Molokai, and Maui chiefs who fell into his hands after the battle, brought Kauai back into the family circle of the other islands, and with an eclat and superiority which it maintained to the last of its independence. Kukona's wife was Laupuapuamaa, whose ancestry is not known, and their son and successor was Manokalanipo. lanipo. Manokalanipo has the characteristic honour among the ManokaHawaiians of having had his name affixed as a sobriquet to the island over which he ruled, and in epical and diplomatic language it was ever after known as Kauai-aManokalanipo." He was noted for the energy and wisdom with which he encouraged agriculture and industry, executed long and difficult works of irrigation, and thus brought fields of wilderness under cultivation. No foreign wars disturbed his reign, and it is remembered in the legends as the golden age of that island. The wife of Manokalanipo was Naekapulani. What lineage she sprang from is not known with any certainty. She was probably of Kauai birth, and one legend calls her Naekapulani-a-Makalii, indicating that Makalii was her father; and other legends speak of Makalii as a chief of Waimea, Kauai, though nothing is said whether he belonged to the Maweke-Moikeha line, or to that of Laamaikahiki.1 The children of Manokalanipo and his wife were Kaumaka-mano, Napuu-a-mano and Kahai-a-mano. mano. No special legend attaches to Kaumaka-a-mano, nor Kaumaka-ato his wife Kapoinukai. Their son was Kahakuakane, of Kahakuawhom nothing remarkable has been remembered in the 1 In the "Mele inoa" (Family and that Manokalanipo had also anChant) of Kiha-a-Piilani it is said other wife called Pulanaieie. that her name was Noho-a-Makalii, kane |