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4.

5.

Give a brief life of Warren Hastings.

What do you admire in Macaulay's poetry? Contrast the enjoyment it affords with that given by the Rape of the Lock.

6. On internal grounds determine which of the following extracts are by Macaulay, giving reasons for acceptance or rejection :

(a) Yet a few years and the shades and structures may follow their illustrious ma sters. The wonderful city which, ancient and gigantic as it is, stlll continues to grow as fast as a young town of logwood by a water privilege in Michigan, may soon displace those turrets and gardens which are associated with so much that is interesting and noble, with the courtly magnificence of Rich, with the loves of Ormond, with the counsels of Cromwell, with the death of Addison. The time is coming when, perhaps, a few old men, the last survivors of our generation, will in vain seek, amidst new streets, and squares, and railway stations for the site of that dwelling which was in their youth the favorite resort of wits and beauties, of painters and poets, of scholars, philosophers, and statesmen.

(b) Society, we believe, is constantly advancing in knowledge. The tail is where the head was some generations ago. But the head and tail still keep their distance. A nurse of this century is as wise as a justice of the quorum and custalorum in Shallow's time. The wooden spoon of this year would puzzle a senior wrangler in the reign of George the Second. A boy from the National School reads and spells better than half the knights of the shire in the October Club. But there is still as wide a difference as ever between justices and nurses, senior wranglers and wooden spoons, members of parliament and children at charity schools.

(c) But let us return to Falkland,—to our martyr of sweetness and light, of lucidity of mind and largeness of temper. Let us bid him farewell, not with compassion for him and not with excuses, but in confidence and pride. Slowly, very slowly, his ideal of lucidity of mind and largeness of temper conquers; but it conquers. In the end it will prevail; only we must have patience. The day will come when the nation shall be renewed by it. But, O lime-trees of Tew, and quiet Oxfordshire field-banks where the first violets are even now raising their heads! how often, ere that day arrive for Englishmen, shall your renewal be seen!

(d) And when those who have rivalled her greatness shall have shared her fate; when civilisation and knowledge shall have fixed their abode in distant continents; when the sceptre shall have passed away from England; when, perhaps, travellers from distant regions shall in vain labour to decipher on some mouldering pedestal the name of our proudest chief; shall hear savage hymns chanted to some misshapen idol over the ruined dome of our proudest temple; and shall see a single naked fisherman wash his nets in the river of ten thousand masts;-her influence and her glory will still survive,-fresh in eternal wealth, exempt from mutability and decay, imortal as the intellectual principles from which they derived their origin, and over which they exercised their control.

(e) It is of no moment to her own worth or dignity that she should be acquainted with this science or that; but it is of the highest that she should be trained in habits of accurate thought, that she should understand the meaning, the inevitableness, and the loveliness of natural laws; and follow at least some one path of scientific attainment, as far as to the threshold of that bitter Valley of Humiliation, into which only the wisest and bravest men can descend, owning themselves forever children, gathering pebbles on a boundless shore.

THIRD YEAR.

The paper in this subject consisted of the first four questions of that set in the same subject at the Senior Bursary Examination. See p. xix.

Examiner..

HISTORY,

PRESIDENT FORREST.

FOURTH YEAR.

1. "After the peace of Coblentz in 860, Charles the Bald restored all Allodial property belonging to his subjects who had taken part against him but not his own beneficiary grants, which they were considered as having forfeited." Explain.

2. Give brief account of the origin of the Guelf and Ghibelin factions?

3. Nicola di Rienzi conceived in 1347 the project of restoring Rome not only to good order, but even to her ancient greatness. Write short account of the man and his work.

4.

Pisa.

5.

Write a short account of the naval power and commerce of

What was it that rendered the manumission of slaves in the agricultural districts almost impossible under feudalism.

6. To secure a proper administration of justice, " was, during several centuries one great object of political wisdom. The regulations for this purpose may be reduced to three general heads: to explain these and to point out the manner in which they operated is an important article in the history of society among the nations of Europe." What are the three general heads referred to?

7. What first led to the use of infantry in the armies of Germany, France and Spain?

8. A famous Sultan of the Turks began his reign a few months after Charles V. was placed on the Imperial throne. Give a brief account of him.

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A. Translate: Bk. I, 11. 609-624, beginning 'Eviavròv μèv oùv, ending εἴκοσι καὶ ἑκατόν.

1. καθεωρῶμεν ἁπάντων ὧν ἐγὼ εἶδον θεαμάτων παραδοξότατον. Account for the cases.

2.

The accusative is used in the extract to express various relations. 3. πέμπτη ἱσταμένου. Explain the meaning of ἱσταμένου.

4.

Give the meaning and derivation of the following:

εὐώνυμος, ἀκρόδρυα, μεσημβρία, λάφυρα, ῥεῦμα, Ζωδιακός.

5. (α.) Parse, giving chief parts in use : διηγόμεν, ηκούετο, ταραχ θέντες, ἀνειρπύσαμεν, εἶδον, προσπλέοντας. (b.) Write the modal conjugation of oida.

Β. Translate: Bk. II, 1. 427441, beginning καὶ ἰχθῆς δὲ εἶχε, ending συνηπιστάμην.

1. Explain the construction of the last clause. How else might it have been written?

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(α.) ἐλέγετο δὲ χαλεπαίνειν αὐτῷ ὁ Ραδάμανθυς, καὶ ἠπειληκέναι πολλάκις ἐκβαλεῖν αὐτὸν ἐκ τῆς νήσου, ἢν φλυαρῇ καὶ μὴ θέλῃ ἀφεὶς τὴν εἰρωνείαν εὐωχεῖσθαι.

(6.) ὅτι μὲν γὰρ οὐδὲ τυφλὸς ἦν, ὃ καὶ αὐτὸ περὶ αὐτοῦ λέγουσιν, αὐτίκα ἠπιστάμην· ἑώρα γὰρ, ὥστε οὐδὲ πυνθάνεσθαι ἐδεόμην· πολλάκις δὴ καὶ ἄλλοτε τοῦτο ἐποίουν, εἴ ποτε αὐτὸν σχολὴν ἄγοντα ἑώρων.

(ε.) τέταρτοι δ' ἡμεῖς προσηνέχθημεν· καὶ ὁ μὲν ἤρετο, τί παθόντες ἔτι ζῶντες ἱεροῦ χωρίου ἐπιβαίημεν. ἡμεῖς δὲ πάντα ἑξῆς διηγησάμεθα.

3. When and where was Lucian born? What different professions did he follow? What does he say were his motives for writing the

Vera Historia? Mention any works that may have been more or less suggested by it.

4. Parse, giving chief parts, νικται, κεχηνός, καταχθείημεν, ἀνεγρόμε νος, κατεσκληκυία.

II.

1. Decline in the sing. : γόνυ, γυνή, ἰχθύς, Ἡρακλῆς, and in the plu.: οὖς, ναῦς, ἀστήρ.

2. Give the forms in the other degrees corresponding to : παλαιῷ, αἰσχρός, ἴσοι, ἡδύ, πτωχού, μέγαν.

3. Give the modal conjugation of διαδρᾶναι, γέγραπται, ἐλέγξειε, and give in the singular the first aorist opt. and imperat. Act. of κομίζω, the second aorist subj. and opt. of διαδρᾶναι, and the perf. imperat. Pass. of ἀναστρέψας.

4. The second aorists of some verbs in μ are peculiar in certain respects.

5. What is meant by Crasis, Elision, Attic Reduplication ? Give examples.

6. Mention some classes of verbs which govern the genitive.

7. What cases do expressions of time require in Greek ?

Translate: He came in the night, stayed three days and went away on the fourth.

8. How are conditions referring to the future expressed in Greek?

(Additional for First and Second Class.)

XENOPHON: CYROPÆDIA, BOOK I.

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ἐξέρχονται δὲ ἐπὶ τὴν θήραν ἄριστον ἔχοντες πλεῖον μέν, ὡς τὸ εἰκός, τῶν παίδων, τἆλλα δὲ ὅμοιον. καὶ θηρῶντες μὲν οὐκ ἂν ἀριστήσειαν, ἢν δέ τι δεήσῃ ἢ θηρίου ἕνεκα ἐπικαταμεῖναι ἢ ἄλλως ἐθελήσωσι διατρίψαι περὶ τὴν θήραν, τὸ ἄριστον τοῦτο δειπνήσαντες τὴν ὑστεραίαν αὖ θηρῶσι μέχρι δείπνου, καὶ μίαν ἄμφω τούτω τω ἡμέρα λογίζονται, ὅτι μιᾶς ἡμέρας σῖτον δαπανῶσι. τοῦτο δὲ ποιοῦσι τοῦ ἐθίζεσθαι ἕνεκα, ἵν ̓ ἐάν τι καὶ ἐν πολέμῳ δεήσῃ, δύνωνται τοῦτο ποιεῖν. καὶ ὄψον δὲ τοῦτο ἔχουσιν οἱ τηλικοῦτοι ὅ, τι ἂν θηράσωσιν· εἰ δὲ μή, τὸ κάρδαμον. εἰ δέ τις αὐτοὺς οἴεται ἢ ἐσθίειν ἀηδῶς, ὅταν κάρδαμον μόνον ἔχωσιν ἐπὶ τῷ σίτῳ, ἢ πίνειν ἀηδῶς, ὅταν ὕδωρ πίνωσιν, ἀναμνησθήτω πῶς μὲν ἡδὺ μᾶζα καὶ ἄρτος πεινῶντι φαγεῖν, πῶς δὲ ἡδύ ὕδωρ πιεῖν διψῶντι.

1. (α.) ὡς τὸ εἰκός; Parse εἰκός. (b.) πῶς δὲ ἡδὺ ὕδωρ πιεῖν διψῶντι : Analyze the sentence.

2. ὄψον: What was this ?

3. τοῦτο δὲ ποιοῦσι τοῦ ἐθίζεσθαι ἕνεκεν, ἵνα ἐάν τι καὶ ἐν πολέμῳ δεήσῃ, δύνωνται τοῦτο ποιεῖν: Change this sentence into the " past ” form.

4. ὅπως οὖν μὴ ἀπολεῖ μαστιγούμενος, ἐπειδὰν οἴκοι ᾖς, ἂν παρὰ τούτου μαθὼν ἥκῃς ἀντὶ τοῦ βασιλικοῦ τὸ τυραννικόν, ἐν ᾧ ἐστι τὸ πλεῖον οἴεσθαι χρῆναι πάντων ἔχειν: Translate ; show the connection of clauses ; analyze the last clause; and parse ἀπολεῖ.

5.

ἔπειτα δὲ ἐν τῷ δείπνῳ ἐπὶ τὸ μετρίως σοι δοκοῦν ἔχειν ὁποίαν βούλει ὁδὸν πορεύσει : Translate and explain the construction.

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τί δὲ λέουσι καὶ ἄρκτοις καὶ παρδάλεσιν οὐκ εἰς τὸ ἴσον καθιστάμενοι ἐμάχεσθε, ἀλλὰ μετὰ πλεονεξίας τινὸς ἀεὶ ἐπειρᾶσθε ἀγωνίζεσθαι πρὸς αὐτά; ἢ οὐ πάντα γιγνώσκεις ταῦτα ὅτι κακουργίαι τέ εἰσι καὶ ἀπάται καὶ δολώσεις καὶ πλεονεξίαι; Ναι μα Δί', ἔφη, θηρίων γε· ἀνθρώπων δὲ εἰ καὶ δόξαιμι βούλεσθαι ἐξαπατῆσαί τινα, πολλὰς πληγὰς οἶδα λαμβάνων. Οὐδὲ γὰρ τοξεύειν, οἶμαι, οὐδ ̓ ἀκοντίζειν ἄνθρωπον ἐπετρέπομεν ὑμῖν, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ σκοπὸν βάλ λειν ἐδιδάσκομεν, ἵνα γε νῦν μὲν μὴ κακουργοίητε τοὺς φίλους, εἰ δέ ποτε πόλεμος γένοιτο, δύναισθε καὶ ἀνθρώπων στοχάζεσθαι. καὶ ἐξαπατῶν καὶ πλεονεκτεῖν οὐκ ἐν ἀνθρώποις ἐπαιδεύομεν ὑμᾶς, ἀλλ' ἐν θηρίοις, ἵνα μηδ' ἐν τούτοις τοὺς φίλους βλάπτοιτε, εἰ δέ ποτε πόλεμος γένοιτο, μηδὲ τούτων ἀγύμναστοι εἴητε.

1. Parse ἐπειρᾶσθε, αὐτά, θηρίων, λαμβάνων.

2. ἵνα μηδ' ἐν τούτοις τοὺς φίλους βλάπτοιτε. Explain the meaning and construction fully.

3. (α.) καὶ Κύρῳ ἥδετο οὐ δυναμένῳ σιγᾶν ὑπὸ τῆς ἡδονῆς, ἀλλ' ὥσπερ σκύλακι γενναίῳ, ἀνακλάζοντι ὁπότε πλησιάζοι θηρίῳ.

Translate and account for case of Κύρῳ, σκύλακι, and mood of

πλησιάζοι.

(6.) ἀλλὰ τοῦ μὲν αὐτὸν λέγειν ἅ μὴ σαφῶς ἐιδείη φείδεσθαι δεῖ.
Translate and account for εἰδείη.

(ε.) γενόμενοι οὖν τινες οὕτως εὐφυεῖς καὶ πρὸς τὸ εὖ ἐξαπατᾶν καὶ πρὸς τὸ εὖ πλεονεκτεῖν, ἴσως δὲ καὶ πρὸς τὸ φιλοκερδεῖν οὐκ ἀφνεῖς ὄντες, οὐκ ἀπέσχοντο οὐδ ̓ ἀπὸ τῶν φίλων τὸ μὴ οὐ πλεονεκτεῖν αὐτῶν πειρᾶσθαι.

Translate and explain the construction in the last clause.

(α) τὸ γὰρ ἀρχὴν μὴ κάμνειν τὸ στράτευμα, τούτου σοι δεῖ μέλειν.
(ε.) τοῦ δὲ μηδ' ἐντεῦθεν διαφεύγειν σκοποὺς τοῦ γιγνομένου καθίστης.
Translate and explain constructions.

4. εἰ δὲ καὶ ταύτας ἀποφύγοι, τοὺς πόρους αὐτῶν ἐκμανθάνων καὶ πρὸς οἷα χωρία φεύγοντες αἱροῦνται οἱ λαγῷ, ἐν τούτοις δίκτυα δυσόρατα ἐνεπετάννυς ἄν, καὶ τῷ σφόδρα φεύγειν αὐτὸς ἑαυτὸν ἐμπεσὼν συνέδει.

Translate and discuss the reading.

5. Parse, ἀποδρᾷ, χρῷο, ᾔδει, ᾖρουν, ὦσι, μάθης, μετενέγκοις.

6. Give a sketch of Xenophon's life. What are his chief works, and with what do they deal?

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