Mean refractions, Table of, 153 solar day, 141 solar time, 141 Measures, Tables of weights and, 1 to 8 Mechanics, 256 Meridian, Celestial, 140 Determination of, 144, 147, 150 Magnetic, 35 Middle ordinate, 167 ordinates for curving rails, Formula for, 238 ordinates for curving rails, Table of, 239 Modulus of elasticity, 275 of rupture, 294 of rupture of building stone, Table of, 304 Moment, Definition of bending, 289 of forces, 260 of inertia, 265 of resistance, 269, 293 Moments of beams, Formulas for bending, 291 of inertia, Table of, 266 Mortar, Lime, 309 Natural-cement, 310 Portland-cement, 309 Strength of, 310 Table of materials required per cubic yard of, 309 Mountain time, 143 N Natural cement, 306 -cement mortar, 310 roads, 396 slope of a material, 271 Offset, Spiral, 176 Ordinates for curving rails, Plane-table survey, Threepoint problem in, 110 -table survey, Two-point problem in, 110 -table surveying, 94, 107 Platting angles, 119 by latitude and longitude, 57 Platting by intersection, Plane-table, 109 by resection, Plane-table, 109 Point of curve, 162 of frog of railroad switch,241 of switch, 241 switch, To lay out, 255 Polar distance of a star, 140 Polaris at elongation, Determination of meridian by, 147 at elongation, Table of azimuths of, 148 Determination of latitude by, 151 Table of time of upper culmination of, 145 Poles of celestial sphere, 139 Sounding, 123 Polygons, 11 Portland cement, 306 -cement mortar, 309 Power, Definition of, 258 required for pumping, 381 Pozzuolana cement, 307 Practical astronomy, 138 Precision in chain surveying, 33 in city surveying, 135 Pressure, Atmospheric, 346 head, 351 of liquids on surfaces, 345 Prime vertical circle, 140 Prism, 17 Frustum of, 18 Prismoid, 16 Prismoidal correction, 199 Profile, 87 Grade, 194 Protractor, Three-arm, 127 Pumping, Power required for, 381 water, Cost of, 381 Pyramid, Frustum of regular, 17 Regular, 17 R Radii and deflections, Table of, 160 Radius and deflection angle, Relation between, 159 of gyration, 268 Railroad location, 222, 224 location, Curvature in, 226 location, Final grade lines in, 227 location, Preliminary esti- location, Preliminary sur- Reconnaissance location, Vertical curves in, 230 spikes per mile of track, Table of, 237 switch, Frogs of a, 241 switch, Guard-rails of a, 242 switch, Heels and toes of, 240 switch, Throw of a, 240 Rails for trackwork, 234 pairs of angle bars, and bolts per mile of track, Table of number of, 236 required per mile of track, Table of weight of, 236 Rules for curving, 238 Table of middle ordinates for curving, 239 Table of spaces between ends of, 238 Table of weights dimensions of standard, 235 and Rankine's formula, Constants for, 298 Rate of deformation, 275 of grade line, 88 Reactions of a beam, 287 Reconnaissance for railroad location, 222 Rectangle, 11 Refraction, 88 Refractions, Table of mean, 153 Reinforced concrete, 319 -concrete beams, Bond between steel and concrete in, 329 -concrete beams, Double, -concrete beams, Tables of concrete, Definitions and terms used in, 320 concrete, Economic steel ratio in, 320 concrete, Formulas for rectangular beams of, 322 concrete, Straight-line theory of, 319 concrete, Stress ratio in, 320 concrete, Tables for special Repose, Angle of, 271 Reservoir, Volume of, 130 Retaining wall, Pressure on base of a, 339 wall, Stability against sli- wall supporting superim- walls, Empirical rules for, walls, Stability of, 338 Right ascension of a star, 139 Sewerage system, Capacity required for separate, 384 system, Capacity required for storm-water, 383 system, Combined, 382 Sewers, Brick, 391 Concrete, 391 Cross-section of egg-shaped, 389 Table of velocity and discharge for circular pipe, 386 Table of velocity and discharge of egg-shaped, 388 Sextant, 127 Shear, Definition of external, 288 of beams, Formulas for maximum, 291 of rivets, 281 Shearing and bearing values of rivets, Table of, 282 stress, 275 Shrinkage of earthwork, 216 -hill work, Eccentricity in, 216 Sidewalks, Lateral slopes of, 411 Simple beam, 287 stress, 275 stress, Formula for, 280 Simpson's rule for finding area, 13 Siphon, The, 376 Slag cement, 307 Slope of repose, 271 ratio in cuts and fills, 192 -stake equation, 197 -stake fractions, 198 Solar observation, Determi- Solids,Center of gravity of,265 Sounding poles, 123 Soundings, 123 South pole of celestial sphere, 139 sewerage sys Straight-line formula, Con stants for, 299 -line theory of reinforced concrete, 319 Strain, Definition of, 275 Streams, Discharge of large, 357 Streets, City, 409 Strength of cylindrical shells, 281 of materials, 275 of ropes and chains, 302 Strengths of stone, 303 Stress, Definition of, 275 Formula for simple, 280 ratio in reinforced-concrete, 320 Temperature, 286 Stresses, Combined, 301 switch, To lay out, 252 -switch turnouts, Table of dimensions of, 244 switches, Lead of a turnout for, 243 Subchord, 159 Subfoundations, 332 Sun, Declination of, 150 for azimuth, Corrections for observations of, 154 Formula for azimuth of, 150 Sun's parallax in altitude, Table of, 152 Superelevation of outer rail, Formula for, 172 T-shaped reinforced-concrete beams, Formulas for, 331 Table, Barometric, 92 for cast-iron pipes, Hydraulic, 364 to 372 of absorptive power of of average weights of hy- of coefficients of friction f of coefficients for angular bends, 362 of coefficients for circular bends, 362 of coefficients for valves, 363 |