THOUGHT COMBINED WITH PRACTICE. TAKE THE FIRST STEP RIGHT. Br DAVID B. TOWER, A. M., AUTHOR OF "INTELLECTUAL ALGEBRA, OR ORAL EXER- BOSTON: TAPPAN, WHITTEMORE & MASON. POPULAR SCHOOL BOOKS, PUBLISHED BY TAPPAN, WHITTEMORE & MASON, 114 WASHINGTON STREET, BOSTON. Putnam's Arithmetic. THE AMERICAN COMMON SCHOOL ARITHMETIC; in which the Principles of the Science are fully explained and applied to the Solution of a great Variety of Practical Examples. Designed for the Use of Common Schools and Academies. By RUFUS PUTNAM, Principal of the Bowditch High School, Salem, Mass. Comer's Bookkeeping. A Simple Method of keeping Books by Double Entry, without the Trouble or Formula of the Journal. By G. N. COMER, Accountant. New Reading Books. Used in more than five hundred towns. The Series consists of, 1. RUSSELL'S PRIMER. 2. RUSSELL'S READING AND SPELLING BOOK. 3. INTRODUCTION TO RUSSELL'S PRIMARY READER. 4. RUSSELL'S PRIMARY READER. 5. RUSSELL'S SEQUEL TO PRIMARY READER. 6. RUSSELL AND GOLDSBURY'S INTRODUCTION TO THE AMERICAN SCHOOL READER AND SPEAKER. 7. RUSSELL AND GOLDSBURY'S AMERICAN SCHOOL READER AND SPEAKER. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1849, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of Massachusetts. STEREOTYPED AT THE BOSTON TYPE AND STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY. し GEORGE JANG PREFACE. FROM a trial, in the younger department of the author's school, of various methods of teaching numbers, experience has given a decided preference to the plan developed in this little book. The details are full, because it has been found, in actual practice, best that they should be so. Each step, which the pupil is called to take, should not only be a distinct step, but should be taken understandingly; otherwise habits of mind will result, seriously impeding true progress in other branches of study. In the higher studies, first a proposition is announced, and then the reasoning is given which demonstrates its truth; a fact is stated, and then the proof adduced which establishes it. The philosophy of this is not questioned, but its application has been restricted; it has seldom been duly weighed in preparing text-books for a child. In this book, first a STATEMENT is made of a simple truth; then the truth is illustrated by EXAMPLES, showing its application to objects; from these examples the INFERENCE is deduced of its universal application. Next, practical QUESTIONS, involving a simple process of reasoning, are asked, to exercise the understanding; then questions in numbers alone, to test the memory. This mode of introducing a child to the study of numbers, and to a clear comprehension of their changes, has appeared so rational to eminent teachers, and other friends of education, who have observed its results, that they have strongly urged the publication of this work. Again, an unemployed child is unhappy and consequently troublesome; it is best then to give him sufficient and suitable employment; for this purpose, a slate and pencil should be put into his hands as soon as he enters the school-room. In this book, manuscript figures are given for the pupil to imitate; and his first lesson in numbers he is also required to perform on the slate; this he must do with each succeeding lesson. Thus the pupil gets employment, pleasing and useful employment. The eye is gradually educated, the fingers trained, memory aided, processes are learned, and the pupil advances willingly and pleasantly on a road, over which he must some time travel, and which is often travelled without due preparation. This book contains Tables of Weights, Measures, &c., and abstract examples sufficient to teach the processes of Numeration, Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division. These processes should be thoroughly understood before the pupil is called upon to apply them in solving practical questions. The book may be used to precede any written Arithmetic, or Colburn's First Lessons; and it contains about as much as can be profitably learned in our Primary Schools. PARK STREET, Nov. 18, 1848. D. B. T. GRADUAL LESSONS IN ARITHMETIC. ADDITION. SECTION. I. STATEMENT. 1 and 1 are 2; to be read, one and one are two. Example 1. 1 thumb and 1 thumb are 2 thumbs. 2. 1 apple and 1 apple are 2 apples. 3. 1 horse and 1 horse are 2 horses. Inference. Then any thing and one more thing of the same kind are two things of the same kind. QUESTION 1. How many books are 1 book and 1 book? 2. How many units are 1 unit and 1 unit' 3. How many feet are 1 foot and 1 foot? 4. Charles has made 1 mark on his slate, if he makes another, how many marks will there be? |