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twelve to thirty-six, inclusive, of this act upon an injured employee, or in the event of his death, upon his dependents, without regard to negligence.

(4) The term "damages" means the recovery allowed in an action at law as contrasted with compensation under this act.

(5) The term "person" includes an individual, firm, voluntary association or a corporation.

(6) The term "insurance carrier" includes the state compensation insurance fund herein created and any private company, corporation or mutual association authorized under the laws of this state to insure employers against liability for compensation under this act.

(7) The phrase "compensation provisions of this act" means and includes sections twelve to thirty-five, inclusive, of this act.

(8) The phrase "safety provisions of this act" means and includes sections fifty-one to seventy-two, inclusive, of this act.

(9) Whenever in this act the singular is used the plural shall be included; where the masculine gender is used, the feminine and neuter shall be included.

Sec. 3. There is hereby created a board to consist of three members who shall be appointed by the governor from the state at large and which shall be known as the "industrial accident commission" and shall have the powers, duties and functions hereinafter conferred. Within thirty days prior to the first day of January, 1914, the governor shall appoint the three members of said commission, one for the term of two years, one for the term of three years and one for the term of four years. Thereafter, the term of office of each commissioner shall be four years. Vacancies shall be filled by appointment in the same manner for the unexpired term. Each commissioner shall receive an annual salary of five thousand dollars. Each commissioner shall, before entering upon the duties of his office, take and subscribe the constitutional oath of office.

Sec. 4. The commission shall organize by choosing one of its members as chairman. A majority of the commission shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business, for the performance of any duty, or for the exercise of any power or authority of the commission. A vacancy on the commission shall not impair the right of the remaining members to perform all the duties and exercise all the power and authority of the commission. The act of the majority of the commission, when in ses

sion as a commission, shall be deemed to be the act of the commission, but any investigation, inquiry or hearing, which the commission has power to undertake or to hold, may be undertaken or held by or before any member thereof or any referee appointed by the commission for that purpose, and every finding, order, decision, or award made by any commissioner or referee, pursuant to such investigation, inquiry or hearing, when approved and confirmed by the commission and ordered filed in its office, shall be deemed to be the finding, order, decision or award of the commission.

Sec. 5. The commission shall have a seal, bearing the follow.ing inscription: "Industrial accident commission State of California, seal." The seal shall be affixed to all writs and authentications of copies of records and to such other instruments as the commission shall direct. All courts shall take judicial notice of said seal.

Sec. 6. The commission shall keep its principal office in the city and county of San Francisco, and shall also keep an office in the city of Los Angeles, and shall provide itself with suitable rooms, necessary office furniture, stationery and other supplies. For the purpose of holding sessions in other places, the commission shall have power to rent temporary quarters.

Sec. 7. The commission shall have full power and authority: (1) To appoint as its attorney an attorney-at-law of this state, who shall hold office at the pleasure of the commission. It shall be the right and the duty of the attorney to represent and appear for the people of the State of California and the commission in all actions and proceedings involving any question under this act or under any order or act of the commission and, if directed so to do by the commission, to intervene, if possible, in any action or proceeding in which any such question is involved; to commence, prosecute and expedite the final determination of all actions or proceedings, civil or criminal, directed or authorized by the commission; to advise the commission and each member thereof, when so requested, in regard to all matters in connection with the jurisdiction, powers or duties of the commission and members thereof; and generally to perform all duties and services as attorney to the commission which may be required of him.

(2) To appoint, and it shall appoint, a secretary, who shall hold office at the pleasure of the commission, It shall be the

duty of the secretary to keep a full and true record of all the proceedings of the commission, to issue all necessary processes, writs, warrants and notices which the commission is required or authorized to issue, and generally to perform such other duties as the commission may prescribe. The commission may also appoint such assistant secretaries as may be necessary and such assistant secretaries may perform any duty of the secretary, when so directed by the commission.

(3) To appoint a manager of the state compensation insurance fund who shall hold office at the pleasure of the commission. It shall be the duty of such manager to manage, supervise and conduct, subject to the general direction and approval of the commission, the business and affairs of the state compensation insurance fund and to perform such other duties as the commission may prescribe. Before entering on the duties of his office, he must give an official bond in the sum of $50,000, and take and subscribe to an official oath. Said bond must be approved by the commission, by written endorsement thereon, and be filed in the office of the secretary of state.

(4) To appoint a superintendent of the department of safety: who shall hold office at the pleasure of the commission and who shall perform such duties as the commission shall prescribe.

(5) To employ such other assistants, officers, experts, statisticians, actuaries, accountants, inspectors, referees and other employees, as it may deem necessary to carry out the provisions of this act, or to perform the duties and exercise the powers conferred by law upon the commission.

Sec. 8. All officers and employees of the commission shall receive such compensation for their services as may be fixed by the commission and shall hold office at the pleasure of the commission and shall perform such duties as are imposed on them by law or by the commission. The salaries of the members of the commission, its attorney, secretary and assistant secretary, as fixed by law or the commission, shall be paid in the same manner as are the salaries of other state officers. The salary or compensation of every other person holding office or employment under the commission, as fixed by law or by the commission, shall be paid monthly, after being approved by the commission, upon claims therefor to be audited by the state board of control. All expenses incurred by the commission pursuant to the provision of this act, including the actual and necessary traveling and other expenses and disbursements of the members thereof, its officers

and employees, incurred while on business of the commission, either within or without the state, shall, unless otherwise provided in this act, be paid from the funds appropriated for the use of the commission, after being approved by the commission, upon claims therefor to be audited by the board of control; provided, however, that no such expenses incurred outside of the state shall be allowed unless prior authorization therefor be obtained from the board of control.

Sec. 9. In all cases in which salaries, expenses or outgoings of one department under the jurisdiction of the commission are expended in whole or in part on behalf of another department the commission may apportion the same between such departments.

Sec. 10. The commission shall cause to be printed and furnished free of charge to any employer or employee, or other person, such blank forms as it shall deem requisite to facilitate or promote the efficient administration of this act; it shall provide a book in which shall be entered the minutes of all its proceedings, a book in which shall be recorded all awards made by the commission and such other books or records as it shall deem requisite for the proper and efficient administration of this act; all such records to be kept in the office of the commission.

Sec. 11. The commission shall also have power and authority: (1) To charge and collect the following fees: for copies of papers and records not required to be certified or otherwise authenticated by the commission, ten cents for each folio; for certified copies of official documents and orders filed in its office or of the evidence taken on proceedings had, fifteen cents for each folio.

(2) To publish and distribute in its discretion from time to time, in addition to its annual report to the governor of the state, such further reports and pamphlets covering its operations, proceedings and matters relative to its work as it may deem advisable.

(3) To fix and collect reasonable charges for publications issued under its authority.

(4) The fees charged and collected under this section shall be paid monthly into the treasury of the state to the credit of the "industrial accident fund" and shall be accompanied by a detailed statement thereof.

Sec. 12. (a) Liability for the compensation provided by this act, in lieu of any other liability whatsoever, shall, without regard to negligence, exist against an employer for any personal injury sustained by his employees by accident arising out of and in the course of the employment and for the death of any such employee if the injury shall proximately cause death, in those cases where the following conditions of compensation concur:

(1) Where, at the time of the accident, both the employer and employee are subject to the compensation provisions of this act.

(2) Where, at the time of the accident, the employee is performing service growing out of and incidental to his employment and is acting within the course of his employment as such.

(3) Where the injury is proximately caused by accident, either with or without negligence, and is not so caused by the intoxication or the wilful misconduct of the injured employee.

(b) Where such conditions of compensation exist, the right to recover such compensation pursuant to the provisions of this act, shall be the exclusive remedy against the employer for the injury or death, except that when the injury was caused by the employer's gross negligence or wilful misconduct and such act or failure to act causing such injury was the personal act or failure to act on the part of the employer himself, or if the employer be a partnership on the part of one of the partners, or if a corporation, on the part of an elective officer or officers thereof, and such act or failure to act indicated a wilful disregard of the life, limb, or bodily safety of employees, any such injured employee may, at his option, either claim compensation under this act or maintain an action at law for damages.

(c) In all other cases where the conditions of compensation do not concur, the liability of the employer shall be the same as if this act had not been passed.

Sec. 13. The term "employer" as used in sections twelve to thirty-five, inclusive, of this act shall be construed to mean: The state, and each county, city and county, city, school district and all public corporations therein, and every person, firm, voluntary association, and private corporation, (including any public service corporation) who has any person in service under any appointment or contract of hire, or apprenticeship, express or implied, oral or written, and the legal representatives of any deceased employer.

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